GrainGenes | A Database for Triticeae and Avena

REPORTS OF THE COORDINATORS

Overall coordinator's report

Udda Lundqvist

Svalöf Weibull AB

SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden

Already some months have gone since many of us met at the Barley Genetics Symposium in Adelaide, South Australia. Many important subjects have been discussed and when summarizing it has been very successfull. The hightlight of the Symposium was the last days paper by Gottfried Künzel, Germany, reporting on "High resolution physical mapping of the barley genome". This work shows that the collection of translocation lines and genetically characterized barley mutants are a gold mine for molecular genetics and barley breeding. A workshop on Barley Genes have also been organized on October 23rd, and a report of the workshop is included in this issue of the Barley Genetics Newsletter.

There have been several changes of the coordinators since the last Symposium in Saskatoon, Canada, 1996, and the following persons got nominated at the Eighth International Barley Genetics Symposium in Adelaide, South Australia. Roger Ellis, the Scottish Crop Research Institute at Dundee, UK, will serve chromosome 3H and replaces Takeo Konishi who has retired. The present coordinator for Translocations, Balanced Tertiary Trisomics and Desynaptic Genes, Gottfried Künzel, Germany, will retire from his position during 2001. He is going to be joined by Andreas Houben, Germany, will replace Künzel after 2001 and serve these important groups. The coordinator for Inversions, Bengt-Olle Bengtsson, Sweden, will be assisted by Torbjörn Säll, Sweden. The coordinator for the Anthocyanin genes, Barbro Jende-Strid, Denmark, is not working in this field of research any more and asked for this reason to retire. No one offered to take over this role, therefore it got decided to discontinue with these genes. The coordinator for chromosome duplications, Arne Hagberg, Sweden, has also retired and there were suggestions that Andreas Houben, Germany, could take over this role. Finally the area of monoclonal antibodies will discontinue as already decided at the last workshop in Saskatoon, Canada, in 1996. I want to take the opportunity to thank the coordinators who are passing over their work to successors or who are retiring, for all their efforts in keeping the information up-to-date and providing us with annual reports.

The conversion of the descriptions of about 600 different barley gene loci into the International Triticeae Genome Database "GrainGenes" according to the ACEDB format is still in progress and will be fullfilled after having resolved different conversion problems. In this issue the rules for Nomenclature and Gene Symbolization in Barley are republished followed with revised lists of BGS descriptions by BGS number (Table 1) and by locus symbol in alphabetic order (Table 2).

List of Barley Coordinators

Chromosome 1H (5): Jens Jensen, Plant Biology and Biogeochemistry Department, Risø National Laboratory, P.O. Box 301, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. FAX: +45 46 77 4122; e-mail:jens.jensen@risoe.dk>

Chromosome 2H (2): Jerry. D. Franckowiak, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O.Box 5051, Fargo, ND 58105-5051, USA. FAX: +1 701 231 8474; e-mail: <j_franckowiak@ndsu.nodak.edu>

Chromosome 3H (3): Roger P. Ellis, Cell and Molecular Genetics Department, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, United Kingdom. FAX: +44 1382 562426. E-mail: <R.Ellis@scri.sari.ac.uk>

Chromosome 4H (4): Brian P. Forster, Cell and Molecular Genetics Department, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, United Kingdom. FAX: +44 1382 562426. e-mail: <bforst@scri.sari.ac.uk>

Chromosome 5H (7): George Fedak, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, ECORC, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6, FAX: +1 613 759 6559; e-mail: <fedakga@em.agr.ca>

Chromosome 6H (6): Duane Falk, Department of Crop Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1. FAX: +1 519 763 8933; e-mail: <dfalk@crop.uoguelph.ca>

Chromosome 7H (1): Lynn Dahleen, USDA-ARS, State University Station, P.O. Box 5677, Fargo, ND 58105, USA. FAX: + 1 701 239 1369; e-mail: <DAHLEENL@fargo.ars.usda.gov>

Integration of molecular and morphological marker maps: Andy Kleinhofs, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA. FAX: +1 509 335 8674; e-mail: <andyk@wsu.edu>

Barley Genetics Stock Center: An Hang, USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, P.O.Box 307, Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA. FAX: +1 208 397 4165; e-mail: <anhang@uidaho.edu>

Trisomic and aneuploid stocks: An Hang, USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, P.O.Box 307, Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA. FAX: +1 208 397 4165; e-mail: <anhang@uidaho.edu>

Translocations and balanced tertiary trisomics: Gottfried Künzel, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. FAX: +49 39482 5137; e-mail: <kuenzel@ipk-gatersleben.de> and

Andreas Houben, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. FAX: +49 39482 5137; e-mail: -

Desynaptic genes: Gottfried Künzel, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. FAX: +49 39482 5137; e-mail: <kuenzel@ipk-gatersleben.de> and

Andreas Houben, Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. FAX: +49 39482 5137; e-mail: -

Autotetraploids: Wolfgang Friedt, Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig-University, Ludwigstrasse 23, DE-35390 Giessen, Germany. FAX: +49 641 9937429; e-mail: <wolfgang.friedt@agrar.uni-giessen.de>

Disease and pest resistance genes: Brian Steffenson, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 495 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108-6030, USA. FAX: +1 612 625 9728; e-mail: <bsteffen@umn.edu>

Eceriferum genes: Udda Lundqvist, Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden. FAX:.+46 418 667109; e-mail: <udda@ngb.se>

Chloroplast genes: Diter von Wettstein, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Genetics and Cell Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA. FAX: +1 509 335 8674; e-mail: <diter@wsu.edu>

Genetic male sterile genes: Mario C. Therrien, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, P.O. Box 1000A, R.R. #3, Brandon, MB, Canada R7A 5Y3, FAX: +1 204 728 3858; e-mail: <mtherrien@em.agr.ca>

Inversions: Bengt-Olle Bengtsson, Institute of Genetics, University of Lund, Sölvegatan 29, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden. FAX: +46 46 147874;

e-mail: <bengt_olle.bengtsson@gen.lu.se> and

Torbjörn Säll, Institute of Genetics, University of Lund, Sölvegatan 29, SE-223 62 Lund Sweden. FAX: +46 46 147874, e-mail:<torbjorn.sall@gen.lu.se>

Ear morphology genes: Udda Lundqvist, Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden. FAX: +46 418 667109; e-mail: <udda@ngb.se>

Semi-dwarf genes: Jerry D. Franckowiak, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 5051, Fargo, ND 58105-5051, USA. FAX: +1 702 231 8474; e-mail: <j_franckowiak@ndsu.nodak.edu>

Early maturity genes: Udda Lundqvist, Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden. FAX: +46 418 667109; e-mail: <:udda@ngb.se>

Biochemical mutants - Including lysine, hordein and nitrate reductase: Andy Kleinhofs, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA. FAX: +1 509 335 8674; e-mail: <andyk@wsu.edu>

Barley-wheat genetic stocks: A.K.M.R. Islam, Department of Plant Science, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, S.A. 5064, Australia. FAX: +61 8 8303 7109; e-mail: <rislam@waite.adelaide.edu.au>

Coordinator's Report: Barley Chromosome 5 (1H)

Jens Jensen

Plant Biology and Biogeochemistry Department,

Risø National Laboratory, PBK-301,

DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark

An update of the Igri/Franka molecular marker map was reported by Perovic et al., 2000a.

Report on the construction of a barley RFLP linkage map using 120 F₂ plants derived from a cross between 'Ko A' and 'Mokusekko 3' were published by Miyazakiet al., 2000. The line 'Ko A' is a Japanese two-rowed malting barley, and 'Mokusekko 3' is a Chinese six-rowed barley landrace.

A large number of microsatellites were mapped on chromosome 5(1H) (Pillen et al., 2000 and Ramsay et al., 2000).

The scald resistance gene Rrs14 was mapped between Hor1 and Hor2 (Garvin et al., 2000). The following recombination percentages were given: Gpi1 Hor1 5.6�2.3, Gpi1 Rrs14 16.8�4.0, Gpi1 Hor2 18.9�4.2, Hor1 Rrs14 10.6�3.1, Hor1 Hor2 12.6�3.4 and Rrs14 Hor2 1.8�1.2.

The Dhn13 locus is the last of 13 dehydrin loci and it is the only one located on barley chromosome 5 (1H) (Choi et al., 2000). Dhn genes affect in general dehydrin accumulations as a response to dehydration and ABA treatment, but for the Dhn13 gene the accumulation is also affected by chilling treatment.

Mapping of rp1 related sequences (rp1 is a race-specific rust resistance gene in maize) identified three unlinked loci in barley. One of them locus pic20a was located on barley chromosome 5(1H) (Ayliffe et al., 2000).

A microsatellite marker that link to Un8 (true loose smut resistance) with 7 cM on barley chromosome 5 (1H) (Li et al., 2000) was reported. The same gene using the recommended symbol Run8 was also found to be linked to B (black lemma and pericarp, Blp) with 20.49�3.82 percent recombination (Pomortsev et al., 2000).

Börner et al., 2000 investigated the location of the earlines gene eak on the long arm of barley chromosome 5 (1HL) and found a QTL for flowering time on this chromosome arm. A QTL for heading date were reported to be located on the short arm of barley chromosome 5 (1HS) (Noli et al., 2000).

QTLs for resistance to stripe rust and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) were mapped on barley chromosome 5(1H) (Toojinda et al., 2000).

QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance were found on barley chromosome 5(1H) (de la Pena et al., 1999).

Malting quality was analysed in three mapping populations (Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000). They mapped QTL for kernel plumpness, diastatic power, malt extract, alpha-amylase and soluble/total protein on barley chromosome 5(1H). Further locations of QTLs for malting quality in various mapping populations were reviewed by Zale et al., 2000.

QTLs for malting qualities such as, viscosity and malt extract were located on barley chromosome 5 (1H) by molecular markers (Backes et al., 2000) and for diastatic power, free alpha-amino nitrogen and hot water extract (Karakousis et al., 2000).

The recombination frequencies between the two hordein loci Hor1 and Hor2 on barley chromosome 5 (1H) were reported in both female and male in three different crosses. No differences between sexes or between crosses were found. The average distance between the loci was 9.67�2.04 cM (Perovic et al., 2000b). This estimate did not deviate significantly from the distance, 12.7�0.36 cM, between loci Hor1 and Hor2 on the current linkage map shown in Figure 1.

References:

Ayliffe, M.A., N.C. Collins, J.G. Ellis, and A. Pryor. 2000. The maize rp1 rust resistance gene identifies homologues in barley that have been subjected to diversifying selection. Theor. Appl. Genet. 100:1144-1154.

Backes, G., J. Jensen, and A. Jahoor. 2000. Localising QTLs for malting quality traits in barley. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 2:217-219.

Börner, A., G.H. Buck-Sorlin, P.M. Hayes, V. Korzun, S. Malyshev, and S. Stracke. 2000. Genetics and molecular mapping of genes determining flowering time in barley. 2000. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 3:55-57.

Choi, D.W., J. Werner-Fraczek, R.D. Fenton, M.C. Koag, S. Ahmadian, M. Malatrasi, A. Chin, C. Bravo, and T.J. Close. 2000. Genetic map location and expression of the barley dehydrin multigene family. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 3:264-265.

de la Pena, R.C., K.P. Smith, F. Capettini, G.J. Muehlbauer, M. Gallo-Meagher, R. Dill-Macky, D.A. Somers, and D.C. Rasmusson. 1999. Quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 99:561-569.

Garvin, D.F., A.H.D. Brown, H. Raman, and B.J. Read. 2000. Genetic mapping of the barley Rrs14 scald resistance gene with RFLP, isozyme and seed storage protein markers. Plant Breeding 119:193-196.

Karakousis, A., K. Calmers, A. Barr, and P. Langridge. 2000. Identification of SSR markers for use in Australian barley breeding programs. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 3:64-66.

Li, C.D., E. Eckstein, M. Lu, B.G. Rossnagel, and G.J. Scoles. 2000. Targeted development of a multiple-allele microsatellite marker associated with a true loose smut resistance gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare). In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 2:137-138.

Marquez-Cedillo, L.A., P.M. Hayes, B.L. Jones, A. Kleinhofs, W.G. Legge, B.G. Rossnagel, K. Sato, S.E. Ullrich, and D.M. Wesenberg. 2000. QTL analysis of malting quality in barley based on the doubled-haploid progeny of two elite North American varieties representing different germplasm groups. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:173-184.

Miyazaki, C., E. Osanai, K. Saeki, N. Hirota, K. Ito, Y. Ukai, T. Konishi, and A. Saito. 2000. Construction of a barley RFLP linkage map using an F₂ population derived from a cross between Ko A and Mokusekko 3. Barley Genetics Newsletter Vol. 30:41-43.

Noli, E., M.C. Sanguineti, R. Tuberosa, S. Giuliani, M. Maccaferri, S. Salvi, P. Landi, and S. Conti. 2000. QTL analysis for heading date in barley cross. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 3:87-89.

Perovic, D., W.D. Smilde, J. Haluskova, R. Waugh, T. Sasaki, and A. Graner. 2000a. Update of the Igri/Franka molecular marker map. Barley Genetics Newsletter Vol. 30:15-19.8

Perovic, D., S. Prodanovic, Y. Yueming, G. Surlan-Momirovic, M. Vracarevic, M. Milovanovic, D. Zoric, and D. Smilde. 2000b. Hordein gene dose effect in triploid endosperm allow full classification of F₂ genotypes. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 3: 204-206.

Pillen, K., A. Binder, B. Kreuzkam, L. Ramsay, R. Waugh, J. Förster, and J. Léon. 2000. Mapping new EMBL-derived barley microsatellites and their use in differentiating German barley cultivars. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:652-660.

Pomortsev, A.A., N.A. Tereschahenko, M.V. Ofitservov, and V.A. Pukhalskiy. 2000. Locatization of loose smut resistance genes, Run6, Run8, and Run12 on barley chromosomes. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol. 2:163-165.

Ramsay, L., M. Macaulay, S. degli Ivanissevich, K. MacLean, L. Cardle, J. Fuller, K.J. Edwards, S. Tuvesson, M. Morgante, A. Massari, E. Maestri, N. Marmiroli, T. Sjakste, M. Ganal, W. Powell, and R. Waugh. 2000. A simple sequence repeat-based linkage map of barley. Genetics. 156:1997-2005.

Toojinda, T., L.H. Broers, X.M. Chen, P.M. Hayes, A. Kleinhofs, J. Korte, D. Kudrna, H. Leung, R.F. Line, W. Powell, L. Ramsay, H. Vivar, and R. Waugh. 2000. Mapping quantitative and qualitative disease resistance genes in a doubled haploid population of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:580-589.

Zale, J.M., J.A. Clancy, S.E. Ullrich, B.L. Jones, P.M. Hayes, and the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project. 2000. Summary of Barley Malting Quality QTLs Mapped in Various Populations. Barley Genetics Newsletter Vol. 30:44-54.

Fig.1. The barley chromosome 5 (1H) linkage map is calculated based on the linkage information reported in the former issues of BGN and no changes have been made since last years report. The map positions are given in centimorgans (cM). The distances between neighbouring loci are given to the left, and to the right are the loci names and positions.

Coordinator's report: Chromosome 2H (2)

J.D. Franckowiak

Department of Plant Sciences

North Dakota State University

Fargo, ND 58105, U.S.A.

The Rar1 (required for Mla.12 resistance, formerly Nar1) gene in chromosome 2H has been sequenced and found to contain two related domains designated as CHORDs (cystein and histidine rich domains) (Collins et al., 2000b). The Rar1, Rar2, and Mla.12 genes are required for rapid cell death in response to infection by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Freialdenhoven et al., 1994). Lahaye et al. 1998 mapped the Rar1 locus in chromosome 2HL (Bin 2H-10, near marker MWG876). Using the Rar1 protein in E. coli, the CHORD domains were found to bind independently to Zn²⁺ ions by Collins et al., 2000b. They speculate based on domain similarities that the Rar1 protein is a pathogen recognition signal in the ubiquitin-dependent programmed cell death pathway that activates H₂O₂-driven cellular suicide.

Drescher et al., 2000 published a high-resolution map for the Rph16.ag gene for resistance to Puccinia hordei from accession H. v. spontaneum 680. The Rph16 locus is located in a proximal segment of chromosome 2HS (Bin 2H-06, near marker MWG874). The Rph16.ag allele confers a resistant reaction to nearly all leaf rust isolates.

Kicherer et al., 2000 identified four QTLs for leaf rust resistance in progeny from a cross between 'Krona' and HOR 1063, a six-rowed accession from Turkey. The largest QTL for leaf rust resistance from HOR 1063 coincided with the QTL produced by the early maturity 1 (Eam1) gene in chromosome 2HS (Bin 2H-04).

Collins et al., 2000a identified a region of chromosomes 2HS, centered near Bin 2H-04, that is associated with malt quality based on study of doubled-haploids from a 'Galleon' x 'Haruna Nijo' cross. The 2HS chromosome region of the Japanese cultivar Haruna Nijo was associated with higher extract, lower husk content, and more rapid water uptake. Konishi et al., 2000 presented pedigree information for Haruna Nijo. Utilization of this malt quality factor may be a problem in some breeding programs because Haruna Nijo has the Eam1 gene for strong photoperiod response in Bin 2H-04.

Tohno-oka et al., 2000 found two QTLs for early heading in chromosome 2HS using the 'Steptoe' x 'Morex' doubled-haploid population. The Eam1 gene (near MWG858, Bin 2H-04) for strong photoperiod response from Steptoe was expressed under spring sowing and 24h-day conditions, but not under autumn sowing and 12h-day conditions. The second QTL for early heading from Morex (near ABC167b, Bin 2H-08) was strong expressed in the autumn sowing. The Eam1 gene induced heading when the photoperiod was 14 hours or longer. The second early heading gene was effective when the photoperiod was 13 hours or longer.

Other studies have provided evidence for a second Eam gene in 2H. A QTL for heading date was identified in the proximal region of 2HS in the 'Harrington' x Morex mapping population (Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000c). Woodward 1957 mapped a dominant gene for early heading in the centromeric region of chromosome 2H. The linkage distances published by Woodward 1957 are Ea to vrs1 13.5 � 2.4, Ea to Pre2 33.0 � 3.0, and vrs1 to Pre2 17.1 �.0.7. The Ea gene studied by Woodward was assigned the gene symbol Ea6 by Robertson et al., 1965. Based on the three-letter coding scheme, the recommended locus symbol for the second early maturity gene in chromosome 2HS is Eam6 (see Figure 1). The allele symbol Eam6.h is suggested for the dominant early maturity allele in Morex.

The Eam6.h allele is likely rather common in barley cultivars developed for the Upper Midwest of the USA. Germán et al., 2000 observed in Uruguay that many introductions from the Upper Midwest are less sensitive changes in the vegetative caused by delayed planting than most other accessions. The 'Bowman' backcross-derived line with the cer-s.31 allele from 'Bonus' at the gsh5 (glossy sheath 5) locus, located near the centromere of 2H, heads much later than Bowman and the line with the gsh5.m allele from a 'Jotun' mutant (Franckowiak and Lundqvist, 1997). Delayed heading in the cer-s.31 line can attributed to linkage drag if Bowman has the Eam6.h allele and Bonus does not.

Tanno et al., 2000 reported on nucleotide polymorphism for cMWG669 marker, located about 0.1cM from the six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) locus in chromosome 2HL (Bin 2H-10). Some six-rowed cultivars from southern Europe and North Africa have a type II allele at the MWG699 locus, while most other six-rowed cultivars have a type I allele. Since both alleles are found in two-rowed barley, they suggest that six-rowed barley may have two independent origins from two-rowed barley.

Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000a, 2000b studied the malt quality of doubled haploid lines from a cross between two-rowed and six-rowed barley, Harrington x Morex. QTLs for grain protein percentage, S/T protein ratio, and enzymatic activity were located near loci that control spike type, vrs1 in chromosome 2HL and int-c in chromosome 4HS. Since these QTL associations were not found in related two-rowed by two-rowed and six-rowed by six-rowed crosses, Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000b suggested that conservation of spike type allele configurations in malting barley is critical when introducing new genes for other traits. Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000c reported that the vrs1 and int-c regions in this population are also associated with QTLs for plant height and kernel size.

Frègeau-Reid et al., 2000 compared the feed quality of doubled-haploid lines from a two-rowed by six-rowed cross, 'Leger' x CIho 9831-1. Leger is a six-rowed (vrs1.a) feed barley and CIho 9831-1 is two-rowed (deficiens spike type, Vrs1.t) reselection from CIho 9831. Lines with the deficiens trait had higher grain protein, lower starch content, and higher beta-glucan values than six-rowed lines. Lines with the purple lemma and pericarp (Pre2) trait from CIho 9831-1 had higher grain protein, lower starch content, and higher beta-glucan values than lines with yellow lemma (pre2). Jui et al., 1997 previously reported that six-rowed lines from the same cross yielded more than two-rowed ones, but two-rowed lines had larger seeds and higher test weights.

Jefferies et al., 1999 mapped four QTLs for boron toxicity in progeny from a 'Clipper' x Sahara 3771 cross. Marker WG996 (Bin 2H-08) in chromosome 2HS from Sahara 3771 (a six-rowed accession) was associated with reduced leaf symptoms, development of leaf spots and necrosis of leaf blade margins starting near the tip. In a selection experiment using the two-rowed cultivar Sloop as the recurrent parent, Jefferies et al., 2000 showed that a segment of chromosome 2HS from Sahara 3771 was associated with a lower leaf symptom score and that a segment from chromosome 4HL (WG114 in Bin 4H-10) was associated with high boron concentration in shoots and longer roots. Selected lines with these segments had plumper grain, but consistent yield increases were not observed.

Lonergan et al., 2000 identify three QTLs for high zinc concentration in a doubled-haploid population from the cross Clipper x Sahara 3771. Two of the high zinc QTLs were located in chromosome 2H near markers BCD175 in Bin 2H-02 and ksuD22 in Bin 2H-12.

Lloyd et al., 2000 found that two QTLs in a doubled-haploid progeny of WI 2585 x 'Amagi Nijo' associated with manganese uptake efficiency. The shoot Mn concentration determined six weeks after sowing was higher in lines with marker WG645 in chromosome 2HL (Bin 2H-15) from Amagi Nijo. The other QTL for Mn uptake was associated with ABG714a in chromosome 4HS (Bin 4H-02) and named Mel1.

Scheurer et al., 2000 identified a QTL for resistance to BYDV-PAV from the winter barley cultivar Post in chromosome 2HL (near HVCSG in Bin 2H-13). This QTL explained 19.6% of the phenotypic variance for kernel yield in a Post x 'Vixen' population.

Ramsey et al., 2000 published chromosome maps for barley that contain location information for 242 new simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The SSR markers were clustered in the centromeric region of each chromosome.

References:

Collins, H.M., S.J. Logue, S.P. Jefferies, and A.R. Barr. 2000a. Using QTL mapping to improve our understanding of malt quality. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia. Volume II:225-227.

Collins, N., A. Sadanandom, F. Zhou, K. Shirasu, C. Elliott, J. Kurth. A. Devoto, P. Piffanelli, T. Lahaye, A. Hartmann, and P. Schulze-Lefert. 2000b. The genetic and molecular basis of disease resistance to the powdery mildew fungus in barley. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume I:61-67.

Drescher, A., V. Ivander, U. Walther, and A. Graner. 2000. High-resolution mapping of the Rph16 locus in barley. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII, Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics. Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:95-97.

Frègeau-Reid, J., T.M. Choo, K.M. Ho, and R.A. Martin. 2000. Comparing two-row and six-row barley for chemical composition with double-haploid lines. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:238-240.

Franckowiak, J.D., and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGS 355, Glossy sheath 5, gsh5. Barley Genet. Newsl. BGN 26:300-301.

Freialdenhoven, A., B. Scherag, K. Hollricher, D.B. Collinge, H. Thordal-Christensen, and P. Schulze-Lefert. 1994. Nar-1 and Nar-2, two loci required for Mla12-specified race-specific resistance to powdery mildew in barley. Plant Cell 6:983-994.

Germán, S., M. Arbelbide, T. Adadie, R. Romero, and A. Peculio. 2000. Characterization of photoperiod response of barley genotypes from diverse origin. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:212-214.

Jefferies, S.P., A.R. Barr, A. Karakousis, J.M. Kretschmer, S. Manning, K.J. Chalmers, J.C. Nelson, A.K.M.R. Islam, and P. Langridge. 1999. Mapping of chromosome regions conferring boron toxicity tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:1293-1303.

Jefferies, S.P., H. Raman, M.A. Pallotta, and A. R. Barr. 2000. Genetic approaches to ameliorating mineral stresses in barley. p. 253-259. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume I:253-259.

Jui, P.Y., T.M. Choo, K.M. Ho, T. Konishi, and R.A. Martin. 1997. Genetic analysis of a two-row x six-row cross of barley using doubled-haploid lines. Theor. Appl. Genet. 94:549-556.

Kicherer, S., G. Backes, U. Walther, and A. Jahoor. 2000. Localising QTLs for leaf rust resistance and agronomic traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 100:881-888.

Konishi, T., S. Matsuura, and M. Furusho. 2000. Drastic changes of esterase isozyme genotypes in Japanese two-rowed barley. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:27-29.

Lahaye, T. S. Hartmann, S. Topsch, A. Freialdenhoven, M. Yano, and P. Schulze-Lefert. 1998. High-resolution genetic and physical mapping of the Rar1 locus in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 97:526-534.

Lonergan, P.F., S.J. Barker, J.G. Paull, M. Lorimer, and R.D. Graham. 2000. Increasing grain zinc density for plant and human health. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:294-295.

Lloyd, J.M., R.D. Graham, C. Huang, and S.J. Barker. 2000. Manganese nutrition status and resistance in barley to take-all. p 251-253. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:251-253.

Marquez-Cedillo, L.A., P.M. Hayes, B.L. Jones, A. Kleinhofs, W.G. Legge, B.G. Rossnagel, K. Sato, S.E. Ullrich, and D.M. Wesenberg. 2000a. QTL analysis of malting quality in barley based on the doubled-haploid progeny of two elite North American varieties representing different germplasm groups. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:173-184.

Marquez-Cedillo, L.A., P.M. Hayes, B.L. Jones, A. Kleinhofs, W.G. Legge, B.G. Rossnagel, K. Sato, S.E. Ullrich, D.M. Wesenberg, and the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project. 2000b. QTL analysis of malting quality in the Harrington x Morex cross. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics. Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:255-257.

Marquez-Cedillo, L.A., P.M. Hayes, A. Kleinhofs, W.G. Legge, B.G. Rossnagel, K. Sato, S.E. Ullrich, D.M. Wesenberg, and the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project. 2000c. QTL analysis for agronomic traits in a barley cross. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:78-80.

Ramsay, L., M. Macaulay, S. degli Ivanissevich, K. MacLean, L. Cardle, J. Fuller, K. J. Edwards, S. Tuvesson, M. Morgante, A. Massari, E. Maestri, N. Marmiroli, T. Sjakste, M. Ganal, W. Powell, and R. Waugh. 2000. A simple sequence repeat-based linkage map of barley. Genetics 156:1997-2005.

Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, R.G. Shands, and A. Hagberg. 1965. A summary of linkage studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement III, 1954-1963. Crop Sci. 5:33-43.

Scheurer, K., W. Huth, A. Habekuss, R. Waugh, W. Friedt, and F. Ordon. 2000. Genetic analysis of tolerance against a German isolate of BYDV-PAV in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:169-171.

Tohno-oka, T., M. Ishit, R. Kanatani, H. Takahashi, and K. Takeda. 2000. Genetic analysis of photoperiodic response of barley in different daylength conditions. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:239-241.

Tanno, K., S. Taketa, K. Takeda, and T. Komatsuda. 2000. Multiple origins of six-rowed cultivated barley as indicated by a study on a DNA marker closely linked to the vrs1 locus (row type gene). p. 62-64. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics. Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:62-64.

Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.

Co-ordinator's report: Chromosome 3H

R.P. Ellis

Division of Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie,

Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK

Considerable progress has been made in mapping genes, QTLs and genetic markers on chromosome 3H. Forster, 2001, has summarised sources of information on consensus mapping that are as applicable to chromosome 3H as to 4H.

In a study of the variation detected in anther culture to produce doubled haploids (Manninen, 2000) a QTL on chromosome 3H was associated with plant regeneration rate. Segregation of 111 markers (RAPD, SSR and RFLP) was assayed in doubled haploids from a cross between the spring barleys Rolfi and Botnia and 48 showed significant segregation distortion. The majority of the distorted markers were located in the region of 3H around BCD828 (this has previously been identified in the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project as the locus associated with straw stiffness, plant height and yield QTLS). Segregation distortion of markers on chromosome 3H was also reported by Yin et al., 1999, in an AFLP map used to map QTLs for yield physiology.

Knowledge of barley quality traits was extended by a study of factors important to the production of scotch whisky by Swanston et al., 1999. The most important difference between the process for beer and whisky is the need for high fermentability to maximise spirit production. Six loci, which affected fermentability in random inbred lines from the spring barley cross Derkado x B83-12/20/5, were mapped to chromosomes 2(2H), 3(3H) and 7(5H).

Disease resistance genes were mapped in two reports. Pomortsev et al., 1999, reported linkage between the genes Run6 and pub (for leaf pubescence) located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (recombination of 29.88�5.94%). Schweizer et al., 1999, reported resistance to Rhyncosporium secalis in the barley line PI ho452395.

References:

Forster, B.P. 2001. Co-ordinator's report: Chromosome 4H. Barl. Genet. Newsl. BGN 31:

Manninen, O.M. 2000. Associations between anther-culture response and molecular markers on chromosomes 2H, 3H and 4H of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 100:57-62.

Pomortsev, A.A., N.A. Tereshchenko, M.V. Ofitserov, and V.A. Pukhal'skii, 1999. Chromosome location of loose smut resistance gene Run6 in barley. [inRussian]. Genetika (Moskva). 35:1016-1018.

Schweizer, G., L. Hartl, M. Baumer, and G. Zimmermann, 1999. Report of the 1998 conference of the Association of Austrian Plant Breeders, Austria, 24-26 November 1998. Bericht über die Arbeitstagung der "Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Saatzuchtleiter" im Rahmen der "Vereinigung österreichischer Pflanzenzüchter". 1999. No. 49:95-100.

Swanston, J.S., W.T.B. Thomas, W. Powell, G.R. Young, P.E. Lawrence, L. Ramsay, and R. Waugh, 1999. Using molecular markers to determine barleys most suitable for malt whisky distilling. Molecular Breeding. 5:103-109.

Yin, X., P. Stam, C. Johan Dourleijn, and , M.J. Krop. 1999. AFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci for yield-determining physiological characters in spring barley. Theoret. Appl. Genet. 99:244-253.

Co-ordinator's report: Chromosome 4H

B.P. Forster

Division of Genetics, Scottish Crop Research Institute,

Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK

Genes, QTL and genetic markers continue to be located on recombination and physical maps of all barley chromosomes. Comparisons between various maps of Hordeum vulgare have been made (e.g. Langridge et al., 1995; Sherman et al., 1995; Qi et al., 1996; Kleinhofs and Graner, 1999; Kleinhofs and Han, 2000) and consensus maps produced, e.g. Bin maps (http://barleygenomics.wsu.edu). Comparative mapping among Triticeae homoeologues has also been investigated, an example for chromosome 4 is given below. Trait mapping using association genetics is becoming popular. It is a huge task to distil this information and the reader is advised to look up individual maps in the reference list below.

There are two exciting new areas to report. The first concerns the emergence of genetic maps in diploid Hordeum bulbosum. Hordeum bulbosum shares a common genome (HH) with Hordeum vulgare and Hordeum spontaneum and comparisons across these three species can now be made (Salov-Garrido, 2001; Salvo-Garrido and Snape, in press). In addition these workers are among the first to locate transgenes in Hordeum vulgare using physical and genetic mapping procedures, some of which map to chromosome 4.

Comparison of genetic maps of barley chromosome 4 (4H), reproduced from Forster et al., 2000 by kind permission of the Journal of Experimental Botany.

References:

Forster B.P., R.P. Ellis, W.T.B. Thomas, A.C. Newton, R. Tuberosa, D. This, R.A. El-Enein, M.H. Bahri, and M. Ben Salem. 2000. The development and application of molecular markers for abiotic stress tolerance in barley. Journal of Experimental Botany 51:19-27.

Kleinhofs A. 2000. The future of barley genetics. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Vol.1:6-10.

Kleinhofs A. and A. Graner . 1999. An integrated map of the barley genome. In R.L. Phillips and I.K. Vasil (eds.). DNA-based markers in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Kleinhofs A. and F. Han. 2000. Molecular mapping of the barley genome. In J.L.M.C.G.A Slafer, J.L. Araus, R. Savin, and I. Romagosa (eds.) Barley Science. Recent advances from molecular biology to agronomy of yield and quality. Food Product Press, New York.

Langridge P., A. Karakousis, N. Collins, J. Kretschmer, and S. Manning. 1995. A consensus linkage map of barley. Molecular Breeding 1:389-395.

Qi X., P. Stam, and P. Lindhout. 1996. Comparison and integration of four barley genetic maps. Genome 39:379-394.

Ramsay, L., M. Macaulay, S. degli Ivanissevich, K. Maclean, L. Cardle, J. Fuller, K.J. Edwards. S. Tuvesson, M. Morgante, A. Massari, E. Maestri, N. Marmiroli, T. Sjakste, M. Ganal, W. Powell, and R. Waugh. 2000. A simple sequence repeat-based linkage map of barley. Genetics 156:1997-2005.

Salvo-Garrido, H.E. 2001. Genome analysis in wild (Hordeum bulbosum L.) and transgenic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Ph.D. thesis, University of East Anglia, UK.

Sherman, J.D., A.L. Fenwick, D.M. Namuth, and N.L.V. Lapitan. 1995. A barley RFLP map - alignment of 3 barley maps and comparisons to Gramineae species. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 91:681-690.

Coordinator's report: Chromosome 5H (7)

George Fedak

Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research centre

Agriculture and Agrifood Canada

Ottawa, Ontario

Canada K1A 0C6

A total of 292 translocation breakpoints have now been mapped on the seven linkage groups of the Igri x Franka derived population as stated in Korzun and Künzel, 1999. The details for chromosome 5H have been published previously (Korzun and Künzel, 1995).

Resistance to loose smut (Ustilago nuda) in an Ethiopian accession of barley (CI 9973) has now been shown to be quantitatively inherited, with one of the QTL located on the long arm of chromosome 5H (Therrien, 1999).

The integration of molecular maps with mapped morphological mutants is progressing and an update for all linkage groups has been provided (Kleinhofs, 1998).

A new gene for cereal cyst nematode (Heterodora avenae) resistance originating in the Australian cultivar Galleon was mapped to chromosome 5H between the RFLP markers XYL and BCD 298 (Barr et al., 1998).

Leaf rust resistance genes Rph9 from Hor2596 and Rph12 from Triumph (shown to likely be alleles at the same locus) were mapped to chromosome 5HL. In two different crosses they were shown to map at 26.5 and 24.4 cM proximal to ABC155 respectively (Borovkova et al., 1998). Also located near ABC155 on chromosome 5H is one of the three QTL for partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak pathogen (Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei) (El Attari et al., 1998) as detected in the Steptoe x Morex mapping population.

Rphq4 in the cultivar Vada is one of six QTL to control partial resistance to leaf rust. This locus was effective at the adult plant stage but not the seedling stage (Qi et al., 1998).

The Harrington/TR306 mapping population was screened for five diseases under field conditions (Spaner et al., 1998). Multiple QTL were detected for each disease. QTL for powdery mildew, leaf rust and net blotch were identified on chromosome 5H.

Stripe, rust resistance loci located on chromosomes 4H and 5H in the Calicuchima-sib/Bowman population were introgressed into a BSR41/Steptoe background using marker assisted selection (Toojinda et al., 1998).

Some of the data shown above has been cited in previous reports but only from posters presented at PAG meetings.

References:

Barr, A.R., K.J. Chalmers, A. Karakousis, J.M. Kretschmer, S. Manning, R.C.M. Lance, J. Lewis, S.P. Jeffries, and P. Langridge. 1998. RFLP mapping of a new cereal cyst nematode resistance locus in barley. Plant Breed. 117:185-187.

Borovkova, L.G., Y. Jin, and B.J. Steffenson. 1998. Chromosomal location and genetic relationship of leaf rust resistance genes Rph9 and Rph12. Phytopathology 88:76-80.

El Attari, H., A. Rebai, P.M. Hayes, G. Barrault, G. Dechamp-Guillaume, and A. Sarrafi. 1998. Potential of doubled-haploid lines and localization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for partial resistance to bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas campestris pv. hordei) in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 96:95-100.

Kleinhofs, A. 1999. Coordinator's report: Integrating barley molecular and morphological/physiological marker maps. Barl. Genet. Newsl., BGN 29:58.

Korzun, L. and G. Künzel. 1995. Integration of translocation breakpoints of barley chromosomes 3 and 7 into the Igri/Franka derived RFLP maps. Barl. Genet. Newsl., BGN 25:13-16.

Korzun, L. and G. Künzel. 1999. Integration of 32 translocation breakpoints of chromosome 7H(1) into the corresponding Igri/Franka-derived RFLP map. Barl. Genet. Newsl., BGN 29:18-21.

Qi, X., R.E. Niks, P. Stam, and P. Lindhout. 1998. Identification of QTLs for partial resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 96:1205-1215.

Spaner, D., L.P. Shugar, T.M. Choo, I. Falak, K.G. Briggs, W.G. Legge, D.E. Falk, S.E. Ullrich, N.A. Tinker, B.J. Steffenson, and D.E. Mather. 1998. Mapping of disease resistance loci in barley on the basis of visual assessment of naturally occurring symptoms. Crop Sci. 38:843-850.

Therrien, M.C. 1999. The possibility of quantitative inheritance of loose smut in barley. Barl. Genet. Newsl., BGN 29:30.

Toojinda, T., E. Baird, A. Booth, L. Broers, P. Hayes, W. Powell, W. Thomas, H. Vivar, and G. Young. 1998. Introgression of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) determining strip rust resistance in barley: an example of marker-assisted line development. Theor. Appl. Genet. 96:123-131.

Coordinator's report: Chromosome 7H

Lynn S. Dahleen

USDA-Agricultural Research Service

Fargo, ND 58105, USA

There was a lot of progress in gene mapping, and marker and resource development in the last year. I have tried to obtain all the papers relating to genes on chromosome 7H but may have missed some due to flooding at the North Dakota State University library. Water filled the lower level, which housed the periodical collection, in June. All journals in the collection at that time were either ruined or taken away for freeze-drying, so obtaining papers prior to June has been a challenge. If I missed any of your papers, please send me a reprint to include in next year's report.

Several valuable genetic resources have been recently published. Yu et al., 2000 have developed a 6.3 x Morex BAC library containing 313,344 clones. The average insert size in the BACs is 106 kbp. The library is currently being used to identify BAC clones containing resistance gene analog (RGA) sequences. Künzel et al., 2000 have mapped translocation breakpoints as physical landmarks in linkage maps. Chromosome 7H included 24 translocation breakpoints. Fifteen of these divided the chromosome into 16 subregions. Two areas of high recombination were found on each arm, that contain 94% of the markers on this chromosome.

Development of new markers and marker systems has continued. A total of 568 new SSR markers were developed by Ramsay et al., 2000. They mapped 216 of these along with 37 previously published SSRs, mostly on 86 doubled haploid (DH) lines from the interspecific cross Lina x H. spontaneum 'Canada Park'. The 64 SSR loci on chromosome 7H are well spread along the chromosome. Pillen et al., 2000 derived 39 new SSRs from sequences on the EMBL database. Six of these were located on chromosome 7H using wheat-barley addition lines and three of them were mapped in either the interspecific cross Lerche x BGRC41936 or in the Igri x Franka population.

Manninen et al., 2000 developed and mapped two new types of markers. Retrotransposon -microsatellite amplified polymorphism (REMAP) markers were amplified using one primer from a retrotransposon LTR region and one for an SSR region anchored at the 3' end. Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) markers were amplified using combinations of pairs of LTR primers. A total of 43 markers were mapped to chromosome 7H, resulting in a dense cluster of markers on the long arm, two large gaps and a second linkage group on the end of the long arm.

Ayliffe et al., 2000 used the maize rp1 rust resistance gene to probe the barley genome, resulting in 17 related clones. RFLP analysis resulted in 13 fragments, nine of which were polymorphic. Four of the fragments mapped to chromosome 7HS, three from Morex and one from Steptoe. One fragment co-segregated with Rpg1 and the others were linked. Analysis indicated that there was an rp1-homologous gene cluster on the end of the short arm. Sequence analysis of two of the clones showed evidence of selection for sequence diversification.

Jaffé et al., 2000 developed a 38-loci RFLP map for H. bulbosum and compared the map to those of H. vulgare. Three of the loci were assigned to the homoeolog to chromosome 7H. Linkage distances were much tighter in H. bulbosum than found in H. vulgare but marker order was conserved. Kicherer et al. developed a 60 marker map for 'Krona' x 'HOR 1063', with 10 loci on chromosome 7H. None of the QTL detected for leaf rust resistance, heading date, height or kernel weight were on this chromosome.

Mapping genes and QTLs was a major focus of many groups. Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000 located malt quality QTL in 140 DH lines from Morex x Harrington. QTL for kernel plumpness, diastatic power and grain protein identified in the Steptoe x Morex and Harrington x TR306 populations were confirmed. Kandemir et al., 2000 mapped QTL for head shattering and related traits in the Steptoe x Morex mapping population. They found two secondary QTL for spike density (nodes/cm) on chromosome 7H that explained a relatively small amount of variation. Neither QTL was associated with head shattering.

Toojinda et al., 2000 mapped QTL on a 'Shyri' x 'Galena' population. They found a QTL from Galena for resistance to BYDV serotypes MAV and PAV, and a single gene for leaf rust resistance (Rphx_s) from Shyri on chromosome 7H. The leaf rust gene may be allelic to Rph3 and Rphx_c identified previously. Nakanishi et al. 2000 selected clones from an iron-deficient root cDNA library. One clone, Ids2, was located on chromosome 7HL using ditelosomic addition lines. The gene probably encodes a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase involved in the synthesis of 3-epihydroxy-2'-deoxymugineic acid.

Numerous results were reported in the proceedings from the 8th International Barley Genetics Symposium, Adelaide, South Australia. These included a detailed analysis of sequences in variants at the waxy locus, fine RFLP mapping of brh1, maps of new populations, and SSR maps and genetic diversity analyses. In addition, QTL on chromosome 7H were associated with heading date, root N content, shoot weight, shoot C isotope ratio, shoot C content, root N isotope ratio, coleoptile length, malt extract, flowering time under long day photoperiod, seed shape, spicules, awn length, height, ear length, kernel protein content, cold damage, tiller number, biological yield, viscosity, and resistance to net blotch, leaf stripe, scald and BYMV. For more details, see the proceedings.

References

Jaffé, B., P.D.S. Caligari, and J.W. Snape. 2000. A skeletal linkage map of Hordeum bulbosum L. and comparative mapping with barley (H. vulgare L.). Euphytica 115:115-120.

Kandemir, N., D.A. Kudrna, S.E. Ullrich, and A. Kleinhofs. 2000. Molecular marker assisted genetic analysis of head shattering in six-rowed barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:203-210.

Kicherer, S., G. Backes, U. Walther, and A. Jahoor. 2000. Localising QTLs for leaf rust resistance and agronomic traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 100:881-888.

Künzel, G., L. Korzun, and A. Meister. 2000. Cytologically integrated physical restriction fragment length polymorphism maps for the barley genome based on translocation breakpoints. Genetics 154:397-412.

Manninen, O., R. Kalendar, J. Robinson, and A.H. Schulman. 2000. Application of BARE-1 retrotransposon markers to the mapping of a major resistance gene for net blotch in barley. Mol. Gen. Genet. 264:325-334.

Marquez-Cedillo, L.A., P.M. Hayes, B.L. Jones, A. Kleinhofs, W.G. Legge, B.G. Rossnagel, K. Sato, S.E. Ullrich, and D.M. Wesenberg. 2000. QTL analysis of malting quality in barley based on the doubled-haploid progeny of two elite North American varieties representing different germplasm groups. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:173-184.

Nakanishi, H., H. Yamaguchi, T. Sasakuma, N.K. Nishizawa, and S. Mori. 2000. The two dioxygenase genes, Ids3 and Ids2, from Hordeum vulgare are involved in the biosynthesis of mugineic acid family phytosiderophores. Plant Molec. Biol. 44:199-207.

Yu, Y., J.P. Tomkins, R. Waugh, D.A. Frisch, D. Kudrna, A. Kleinhofs, R.S. Brueggeman, G.J. Muehlbauer, R.P. Wise, and R.A. Wing. 2000. A bacterial artificial chromosome library for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and the identification of clones containing putative resistance genes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:1093-1099.

Integrating Molecular and Morphological/Physiological Marker Maps

A. Kleinhofs

Dept. Crop and Soil Sciences

Washington State University

Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA

Only limited progress has been made in merging the molecular and morphological maps during the past year. The brh1 locus was mapped precisely on chromosome 1(7H)S cosegregating with MWG2074A (one of two MWG2074 bands that are very closely linked in this region) (Li Ming et al., unpublished). The fch12 locus was mapped cosegregating with BCD130 and just distal of waxy (Deric Schmierer et al., 2001, this newsletter). The cul2 (previously uc2) locus was mapped to chromosome 6 between markers ABG458 and KFP128 (Crg4, cold regulated gene 4) (Sheri Babb and Gary Muehlbauer, 2001, this newsletter). The recombination in the Steptoe x Morex map for this region appears to be much less that observed by Babb and Muehlbauer. Arias and Prina 2000, (BGN 30:39,) and Prina et al. 1995 (BGN25:31,) have reported the isolation of two chlorophyll deficient mutants linked to Xa (now Xnt1) by 3.7 (xc) and 10 (va) recombination units. The xc locus was also tightly linked to gametic lethal factor designated gm. Since the direction of these linkages could not be deduced they are not placed on the map.

The precise mapping of brh1 and fch12 in my laboratory stimulated me to attempt to integrate the chromosome 1(7H) molecular map with the morphological map (Franckowiak, 1996, BGN 26: 18,). Besides the minor differences in recombination distances, two major discrepancies were noted. Based on bulked segregant analysis, we placed fch4 in the vicinity of ABC255 while on the morphological map it is placed between nud and Amy2. Similarly, bulked segregant analysis linked msg10 to RZ242 while on the morphological map it resides distal of nud (Fig.1). These problems need to be resolved and the precision of the integration of the two maps improved by mapping additional markers more evenly distributed throughout the chromosome. In the meantime, this presentation is meant only as a guide and integration of the other chromosomes has not been attempted. Integration of molecular and morphological markers was presented for chromosome 2(2H) by Franckowiak and 5(1H) by Jensen in their respective coordinator reports (BGN 30, 2000).

Click here for an enlarged image of chromosomes 1 - 4
Click here for an enlarged image of chromosomes 5 - 7

References:

Arias, M.C. and A. Prina. 2000. A newly induced gametic lethal localized on the long arm of chromosome 1 of barley (7H). Barley Genetics Newsletter, Vol. 30:39-41.

Franckowiak, J.D. 1996. Revised linkage maps for morphological markers in barley, Hordeum vulgare. Barley Genetics Newsletter, Vol. 26:9-21.

Franckowiak, J.D. 2000. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 2H (2). Barley Genetics Newsletter, Vol. 30:68-71.

Jensen, J. 2000. Coordinator's report: Barley chromosome 5 (1H). Barley Genetics Newsletter, Vol. 30:66-67.

Prina, A.R., Arias, M.C. and de la Fuente, M.C. 1995. A new mutant allel for X_a/x_a gene and ist use for location of newly induced mutants in the long arm of barley's chromosome 1. Barley Genetics Newsletter, Vol. 25:31-33.

Coordinator's report: Barley Genetic Stock Collection

Hang

USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility,

Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, USA

A total of 210 barley translocation stocks, originating from Dr. R.T. Ramage and currently in the world barley genetic stock collection, were planted in the greenhouse and field in 2000 for seed increase. These accessions have been incorporated in the GRIN system and are accessible on the Internet. Additional samples were sent to the National Seed Storage Laboratory at Ft. Collins, Colorado for long-term storage.

Over 500 genetic male sterile barley stocks were also received from Dr. E.A. Hockett.

Ninety-four doubled haploid, Oregon Wolfe Barley (OWB) multiple marker genetic stocks and 50 other barley genetic stocks were planted in the field in the spring of 2000 for seed increase and for evaluation.

Over 400 barley genetic stocks have been shipped to various researchers in 2000.

Allelism testing of a chlorina mutant derived from the barley cultivar 'Russell' was conducted. A chlorina or yellow-green seedling mutant was found in a field of Russell at Aberdeen, Idaho in 1998, and was transplanted to the greenhouse. Harvested seeds were planted in the greenhouse and in the field in 1999. All the seedlings expressed the chlorina trait. Seeds of the chlorina were planted again in the greenhouse in 2000 and crossed with the following mutants: chlorina seedling 3 (fch3), chlorina seedling 5 (fch5), chlorina seedling 9 (fch9), and chlorina seedling 12 (fch12). Results of these F₁ crosses are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Phenotype of F₁ crosses from various cross combinations.

Cross	Cross	Number	F₁
Number	Combinations	of Plants	Phenotype
00C-91	Russell mutant/chlorina seedling 3 (fch3)	28	All green
00C-98	Russell mutant/chlorina seedling 9 (fch9)	22	All green
00C-102	Russell mutant/chlorina seedling 12 (fch12)	30	All green
00C-105	Russell mutant/chlorina seedling 5 (fch5)	20	All green

These results indicated that the Russell chlorina mutant is not allelic to fch3, fch9, fch12, and fch5. Allelism testing will be continued with other chlorina mutants.

References:

Kleinhofs, A. and B.J. Millham. 1977. Allelism test with some chlorina mutants. Barl. Genet. Newsl., BGN 7: 40-41.

Tsuchiya, T. and T. E. Haus. 1973. Allelism testing in barley I. Analysis of ten mapped genes. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

Wesenberg, D.M., J.C. Whitmore, G.S. Robbins, and B.L. Jones. 1988. Registration of 'Russell' barley. Crop Sci. 28:574.

Coordinator's report: Trisomic and aneuploid stocks

Hang

USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility,

Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, USA

There is no new information about trisomic and aneuploid stocks. A list on these stocks are available in BGN 25:104. Seed request for these stocks should be sent to the coordinator.

Coordinator's report: Translocations and balanced tertiary trisomics

Gottfried Künzel

Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research,

DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany

A comparison was performed of the chromosomal distribution of radiation-induced translocation breakpoints (TBs) in first post-treatment mitoses (FPM) versus those transmitted to viable progenies in 334 T lines (Künzel et al., 2001). The TBs were found to be nonrandomly distributed along barley chromosomes. In FPM, centromeres and the heterochromatin-containing proximal segments tended to be more than randomly involved and terminal segments to be less than randomly involved in translocations. Contrary to this, small chromosomal regions in median and distal arm positions, characterized by high recombination rates and high gene density according to Künzel et al., 2000, were identified as preferred sites for the origination of viable translocations probably due to deviations in chromatin organization. Apparently the position of a TB has an influence on the rate of viability versus elimination of the carrier cells. Surprisingly, TBs within centromeres and heterochromatin-containing segments seem to be more harmful for survival than those induced in gene-rich regions.

There is no new information on balanced tertiary trisomics since the latest report in BGN 23. For seed requests of T lines or BTT stocks please ask the coordinator.

References:

Künzel, G., L. Korzun and A. Meister. 2000. Cytologically integrated physical restriction fragment length polymorphism maps for the barley genome based on translocation breakpoints. Genetics 154:397-412.

Künzel, G., K. I. Gecheff, and I. Schubert. 2001. Different chromosomal distribution patterns of radiation-induced interchange breakpoints in barley: First post-treatment mitosis versus viable offspring. Genome 44, in press.

Coordinator's report: Autotetraploids

Wolfgang Friedt

Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding I

Justus Liebig-University

Ludwigstrasse 23, DE-35390 Giessen, Germany

e-mail: wolfgang.friedt@agrar.uni-giessen.de

Fax: +49 641 99 37429

There is no new information about Autotetraploids since the last issue of Barley Genetics Newsletter. A complete list of available barley autotetraploids is described in former volumes of BGN (cf. BGN 22:103-109 and BGN 23:164-172). These stock lists are still valid and up-to-date. The stocks are maintained at the Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding I in Giessen, Germany. Seed requests can be made to the Coordinator for Autotetraploids at any time. Only small samples can be delivered.

Ideas and discussions are raised to transfer the material to an official Gene Bank in Europe.

Coordinator�s Report: Inversions

B.O.Bengtsson

and

Torbjörn Säll

Department of Genetics, University of Lund

Sölvegatan 29, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden

E-mail: bengt_olle.bengtsson@gen.lu.se

torbjorn.sall@gen.lu.se

There is no new information on stocks of barley inversions. Every contribution and other research reports in this field are welcome to be sent to the coordinator.

Coordinator's report: Eceriferum Genes

Udda Lundqvist

Svalöf Weibull AB

SE-26881 Svalöv, Sweden

e-mail:udda@ngb.se

No new research work on gene localization of the eceriferum genes has been reported since the latest reports in Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN). All descriptions made in the special volume of Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN 26) are still up-to-date and valid. This publication is available under the address:

http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/bgn/

Also printed paper versions are still available with advance payment from The American Malting Barley Association, Inc.

e-mail: mpdavis@execpc.com

The conversion of the descriptions of the eceriferum loci into the International Triticeae Genome Database "GrainGenes" according to the ACEDB format is still in progress and will be fullfilled soon after having resolved different file conversion problems. Images of the eceriferum genes are currently in a special Nordic Gene Bank Database programme and will be downloaded to GrainGenes in the near future. Several images have to be updated and annotations will be added over time.

Every research of interest in the field of eceriferum genes, 'Glossy sheath' and 'Glossy leaf' can be reported to the coordinator as well. Seed requests can be forwarded to the Nordic Gene Bank, nordgen@ngb.se, regarding the Swedish mutants, all the others to the Genetics Stock Center, USDA-ARS in Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA, e-mail: anhang@uidaho.edu or to the coordinator at any time.

Coordinator�s report: Nuclear genes affecting the chloroplast

Diter von Wettstein

Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,

Washington State University

Pullman WA 99164-6420, USA

E-mail: diter@wsu.edu

The stock list and genetic information presented in the Barley Genetics Newsletter 21: 102-108 is valid and up-to-date. The stocks have been transferred to the Nordic Gene Bank. Requests for stocks available for distribution are to be sent to:

Dr. Mats Hansson

Department of Biochemistry

Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

Lund University

P.O.Box 124

SE-221 00 Lund SWEDEN

Phone: +46-46-222 0105

Fax: +46-46-222 4534

E-mail: Mats.Hansson@biokem.lu.se

Recent references:

Wettstein, D. von. 2000. Chlorophyll Biosynthesis I: From analysis of mutants to genetic engineering of the pathway. Chapter in Discoveries in Plant Biology. S.D. Kung & S.F.Yang (eds.) Vol.3 pp.75-93.

Wettstein, D. von. 2000. Chlorophyll Biosynthesis II: Adventures with native and recombinant enzymes. Chapter in Discoveries in Plant Biology. S.D. Kung & S.F. Yang (eds.) Vol. 3 pp. 95-139.

Coordinator's report: Ear Morphology Genes

Udda Lundqvist

SvalöfWeibull AB

SE-26881 Svalöv, Sweden

e-mail:udda@ngb.se

No new research work on gene localization or description on different ear morphology genes has been reported since the latest reports in Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN). All descriptions made in the special volume of Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN 26) are still up-to-date and valid. This publication is available under the adress:

http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/bgn/

Also printed paper versions are still available with advance payment from The American Malting Barley Association, Inc.

e-mail: mpdavis@execpc.com

The conversion of the descriptions of the Ear Morphology Genes into the International Triticeae Genome Database "GrainGenes" according to the ACEDB format is still in progress and will be fullfilled soon after having resolved different file conversion problems. Images of the different Ear Morphology Genes are currently in a special Nordic Gene Bank Database programme and will be downloaded to GrainGenes in the near future. Several images have to be updated and annotations will be added over time.

Every research of interest in the field of Ear Morphology Genes can be reported to the coordinator as well. Seed requests can be forwarded to the Nordic Gene Bank, nordgen@ngb.se, regarding the Swedish mutants, all the others to the Genetics Stock Center, USDA-ARS in Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA, e-mail: anhang@uidaho.edu or to the coordinator at any time.

Coordinator's report: Semidwarf genes

J.D. Franckowiak

Department of Plant Sciences

North Dakota State University

Fargo, ND 58105, U.S.A.

Hellewell et al., 2000 reconfirmed that the semidwarf gene in 'Royal' (sdw1.a) is allelic to the denso gene (sdw1.d) in 'Triumph' and observed that the F₁ plants are slightly taller than either parent. Most variation in plant height and heading date in the Royal x 'Morex' population was accounted for by alleles at the sdw1 locus. Even in the Royal x 'Steptoe' population, a large portion of the variation for these traits was associated with the sdw1 locus. Multiple regression analysis indicated that semidwarf lines were later only because they express the sdw1.a allele. Hellewell et al., 2000 mapped the sdw1 locus less than 1 cM from the MWG847 marker in chromosome 3HL (Bin 3H-12).

Helm et al., 2000 reported on plant height variation in F₂ progenies from crosses among normal and semidwarf Canadian cultivars and lines. The F₂ progenies were grown in California under short-day conditions. Segregation data for plant height did not fit a 1:3 test ratio for any of the 20 crosses studied. All progenies contained plants shorter than the short parent and in seven progenies over half the plants were taller than the tall parent. They concluded that several semidwarf genes besides sdw1.a controlled plant height in these cultivars.

Many QTLs are reported to control expression of plant height in the 'Harrington' x Morex cross (Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000b). Transgressive segregates in both directions were found among the 140 double-haploid lines from this cross between two-rowed and six-rowed barley. The main QTLs for plant height were coincident with the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus in chromosome 2HL and the int-c (intermedium spike-c) locus in chromosome 4HS. Several malt quality QTLs are also associated with these two regions (Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000a).

The association between plant height and spike type is consistent with the proposed system of plant height control in six-rowed barley (Franckowiak, 2000). The loci identified include lin1 (low rachis internode number 1), hcm1 (short culm 1), and hcm2 (short culm 2) in 2HL and Zeo3 (zeocriton 3) in 4HS. The lin1.a allele reduces kernel number by about 30%, the hcm1.a allele reduces plant height by 10 to15 cm, and the hcm2.b allele increases peduncle length and promotes emergence of the spike from the flag leaf. The Zeo3.h gene is semi-dominant for shorter rachis internodes and enhances the dwarfing effect of the hcm1.a gene. The QTLs for plant height near the vrs1 and int-c loci were associated heading date QTLs (Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000b). Other QTLs for plant height were identified in all barley chromosomes except 6H.

Marquez-Cedillo et al., 2000b indicated that some plant height QTLs are coincident with ones for heading date in the Harrington x Morex population. A positive association between plant height and heading date has been reported for the early maturity genes Eam1 (Smail et al., 1986), eam8 (Yasuda, 1977), and eam9 (Yasuda and Hayashi, 1980). Since neither Harrington nor Morex has an early maturity gene previously assigned a gene symbol, additional early maturity genes that reduce plant height must exist in barley. Smith, 1951 and Nilan, 1964 in their reviews of barley genetics identified several dominant factors for early maturity. Most early maturity factors were associated with specific morphological markers. However, only the Eam1 locus has been assigned a new gene symbol and placed in the barley linkage maps (Franckowiak and Gallagher, 1997). The Ea2 symbol was assigned to a factor linked to the hooded lemma (Kap) gene in chromosome 4H. The Ea3 and Ea5 symbols were assigned to genes associated with rough awn 1 (Raw1) gene in chromosome 5HS. The ea4 symbol was assigned to a associated with black lemma and pericarp (Blp) locus in chromosome 1HL. The Ea6 symbol was assigned to a gene linked to the six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) locus in chromosome 2H (Woodward, 1957; Robertson et al., 1965).

Tohno-oka et al., 2000 reported that two QTLs in chromosome 2HS control early heading under long-day conditions in the 'Steptoe' x Morex population. The early maturity factor from Steptoe is likely the Eam1 gene. The early maturity factor from Morex maps to the proximal region of 2HS. Marquez-Cedillo et al. (2000b) found that coincident QTLs for heading date and plant height are in the proximal region of 2HS in the Harrington x Morex population. The mapping data of Woodward, 1957 places the Ea6 gene in a similar position. This information strongly implies that Morex has a dominant photoperiod sensitive maturity gene in chromosome 2HS, which has a pleiotropic effect on plant height.

References:

Franckowiak, J.D. 2000. Notes on plant height in six-rowed barley and FHB resistance. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics. Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume II:107-109.

Franckowiak, J.D., and L.W. Gallagher. 1997. BGS 65, Early maturity 1, Eam1. Barley Genet. Newsl. BGN 26:101-102.

Hellewell, K.B., D.C. Rasmusson, and M. Gallo-Meagher. 2000. Enhancing yield in semidwarf barley. Crop Sci. 40:352-358.

Helm, J.H., P.E. Juskiw, and M.J. Cortez. 2000. Inheritance of the semi-dwarf trait in barley. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:154-156.

Marquez-Cedillo, L.A., P.M. Hayes, A. Kleinhofs, W.G. Legge, B.G. Rossnagel, K. Sato, S.E. Ullrich, D.M. Wesenberg, and the North American Barley Genome Mapping Project. 2000b. QTL analysis for agronomic traits in a barley cross. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:78-80.

Nilan, R.A. 1964. The cytology and genetics of barley, 1951-1962. Monogr. Suppl. 3, Res. Stud. Vol. 32, No. 1. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, R.G. Shands, and A. Hagberg. 1965. A summary of linkage studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement III, 1954-1963. Crop Sci. 5:33-43.

Smail, V.W., R.F. Eslick, and E.A. Hockett. 1986. Effect of genetically and environmentally induced heading date differences on yield and adaptation of an isogenic barley pair. Crop Sci. 26:889-893.

Smith, L. 1951. Cytology and genetics of barley. Bot. Rev. 17, 1-51; 133-202; 285-355.

Tohno-oka, T., M. Ishit, R. Kanatani, H. Takahashi, and K. Takeda. 2000. Genetic analysis of photoperiodic response of barley in different daylength conditions. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Proc. Eighth Int. Barley Genetics. Symp., Adelaide, South Australia, 2000. Departm. of Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064. Volume III:239-241.

Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.

Yasuda, S. 1977. Linkage of the earliness gene ea_k and its pleiotropic effects under different growth conditions. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 17:15-28.

Yasuda, S., and J. Hayashi. 1980. Linkage and effect of the earliness gene ea,,c, involved in Chinese cultivars, on the yield and yield components in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. BGN 10:74-76.

Coordinator's report: Early Maturity Genes

Udda Lundqvist

Svalöf Weibull AB

SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden

e-mail:udda@ngb.se

Not much new research work on gene localization or description on different Early Maturity genes has been reported since the latest reports in Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN). Nevertheless Franckowiak, 2000, reported in his coordinator's report on chromosome 2H studies on photoperiod responses of heading dates. Karsai et al., 1997 found QTLs for earliness which are associated with the early maturity 1 (Eam1) locus in chromosome 2HS and with the growth habit2 (Sgh2) locus in chromosome 5HL. Stracke and Börner, 1998, reported segregation data for photoperiod responses under short-day conditions of F₂ and F₃ plants from a Atsel/Betzes cross.

All descriptions made in the special volume of Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN 26) are still up-to-date and valid. This publication is available under the adress:

http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/bgn/

Also printed paper versions are still available with advance payment from The American Malting Barley Association, Inc.

e-mail: mpdavis@execpc.com

The conversion of the descriptions of the Early Maturity Genes into the International Triticeae Genome Database "GrainGenes" according to the ACEDB format is still in progress and will be fullfilled soon after having resolved different file conversion problems. Images of the different Ear Morphology Genes are currently in a special Nordic Gene Bank Database programme and will be downloaded to GrainGenes in the near future. Several images have to be updated and annotations will be added over time.

Every research of interest in the field of Early Maturity Genes can be reported to the coordinator as well. Seed requests can be forwarded to the Nordic Gene Bank, nordgen@ngb.s, regarding the Swedish mutants, all the others to the Genetics Stock Center, USDA-ARS in Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA, e-mail: anhang@uidaho.edu or to the coordinator at any time.

References:

Franckowiak, J.D. 2000. Coordinator's report on chromosome 2H. Barley Genetics Newsletter BGN 30:68-71.

Karsai, I., K.Mezaros, P.M. Hayes, and Z. Bedo. 1997. Effects of loci on chromosomes 2 (2H) and 7 (5H) on development of patterns in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under different photoperiod regimes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 94:612-618.

Stracke, S. and A. Börner. 1998. Molecular mapping of the photoperiod gene ea7 in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 97:797-800.

Coordinator's report: Wheat-barley genetic stocks

A.K.M.R. Islam

Department of Plant Science, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus,

Glen Osmond, S.A. 5064, Australia

There have been many reports of intergeneric hybridization between wheat and wild species of the genus Hordeum (see reviews by Islam and Shepherd, 1990; Fedak, 1991). Recently T. Colmer identified an accession of Hordeum marinum to have potential as a source for waterlogging tolerance and Islam and Colmer (unpublished) were able to produce several presumptive F1 hybrids between this H. marinum line and common wheat (Triticum aestivum). The ultimate aim is to explore the possibility of utililizing gene(s) from H. marinum for improvement of waterlogging tolerance in wheat.

References:

Fedak, George 1991. Intergeneric hybrids involving the genus Hordeum. In: Gupta, P.K. and Tsuchiya, T. (eds.) Chromosome Engineering in plants:Genetics, Breeding, Evolution Part A, Elsevier, pp. 433-448.

Islam, A.K.M. Rafiqul and Shepherd, Kenneth W. 1990. Incorporation of barley chromosomes into wheat. In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (ed.) Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry Vol. 13, Wheat, Springer-Verlag, pp. 128-151.