UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL
RESEARCH SERVICE
in cooperation
with
STATE AGRICULTURAL
EXPERIMENT STATIONS
Report on Wheat
Varieties Grown in Cooperative Plot and
Nursery
Experiments in the Spring Wheat Region in 2002
Hard Spring Wheat Nursery Coordinator:
D.F. Garvin, Research Geneticist, USDA-ARS
Report prepared by D.F. Garvin and L. Matthiesen
Durum Spring Wheat Nursery Coordinator:
E.M. Elias, Associate Professor, North Dakota State University
This is a joint progress report of cooperative investigations underway in the State Agricultural Experiment Stations and the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It contains preliminary data which have not been sufficiently confirmed to justify general release, and interpretations may be modified after additional experimentation. Confirmed results will be published through established channels. This report is primarily a tool for use by cooperators and their official staffs, and for those persons having direct and special interest in the development of agricultural research programs.
This report includes data furnished by the State Agricultural Experiment Stations as well as by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This report is not intended for publication and should not be referred to in literature citations, nor quoted in publicity or advertising.
Use of the data may be granted for certain purposes upon written request to the agency or agencies involved.
Agricultural Research Service
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Midwest Area
St. Paul, Minnesota
January, 2003
2002 HARD RED SPRING WHEAT UNIFORM REGIONAL
NURSERY REPORT
CONTENTS PAGE
Cooperating Agencies, Stations and Personnel 1
Provisional Policy for Protected or Patented Genes 3
Spring Wheat Production Statistics 4
Description and Summary of 2002 HRSWURN 5
Table 1. List of Entries in the 2002 HRSWURN 6
Table 2. Nursery Locations and Comparative Plot Management Data 7
Tables 3-20. Individual Nursery Location Data 8-25
Table 21. Summary of Trait Means Across Locations 26
Table 22. Summary of Trait Means Combined Over 2001-2002 27
Table 23. Fusarium Head Blight Reactions, Crookston, MN 28
Table 24. Fusarium Head Blight Reactions, St. Paul, MN 29
Table 25. Fusarium Head Blight Reactions, Langdon, ND 30
Table 26. Adult Plant Leaf and Stem Rust Reactions, St. Paul, MN 31
Table 27. Adult Plant Leaf Rust Reactions, North Dakota Locations 32
Table 28. Seedling Stem Rust Reactions 33
Table 29. Adult Plant Stem Rust Reactions, North Dakota Locations 34
(Note: Uniform
Regional Durum Wheat Nursery Report Follows the HRSWURN Report)
COOPERATING
AGENCIES, STATIONS, AND PERSONNEL FOR THE 2002 HRSWURN
USDA-AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
National Program Leader K.W. Simmons
Midwest Area Director A.D. Hewings
Nursery Coordination
Plant Science Research Unit, St. Paul D. Garvin
Quality Investigations
Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo G. Hareland
Disease Evaluations
Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul J. Kolmer
Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo J. Miller
MINNESOTA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
St. Paul, University of Minnesota
Agronomy and Plant Genetics J. Anderson
R. Fuentes
G. Linkert
L. Matthiesen
Plant Pathology R. Dill-Macky
Morris, West Central Experiment Station G. Nelson
Crookston, Northwestern Experiment Station J. Wiersma
AGRICULTURE AND AGRI-FOOD CANADA
Winnipeg, Cereal Research Centre (Glenlea location)
Breeding and Genetics G. Humphreys
Cereal Diseases T. Fetch
B. McCallum
Swift Current, Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre R. DePauw
D. Dahlman
NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Fargo, North Dakota State University
Agronomy W. Berzonsky
M. Mergoum
Plant Pathology J. Rasmussen
Hettinger Research Extension Center E. Eriksmoen
Langdon Research Extension Center B. Hanson
Williston Research Extension Center N. Riveland
Carrington Research Extension Center B. Schatz
S. Zwinger
SOUTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Brookings, South Dakota State University (inc. Selby, Groton locations)
Agronomy K. Glover
Plant Pathology Y. Jin
MONTANA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Bozeman, Montana State University S. Lanning
L. Talbert
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Scottsbluff, University of Nebraska (Sidney location) D. Baltensperger
G. Frickel
WYOMING AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Powell, University of Wyoming L. Bjorenstad
WASHINGTON AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Pullman, Washington State University K. Kidwell
G. Shelton
Entering Lines with Protected or Patented Genes into the
Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery
The following information details the Hard Winter Wheat Regional Program position on this issue. Basically, the same situation exists in the Spring Wheat Region, and it is therefore suggested that these guidelines are appropriate and thus accepted for the Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery as well, until such a time as the participants agree to deviate from it.
From: Robert Graybosch, Coordinator of Hard Winter Wheat Region
A question has arisen as to whether wheat germplasm lines carrying protected or patented genes may be entered in the HWW regional program. We have decided to allow such submissions, on a provisional basis, for the 2001 nurseries. Submissions must adhere to the provisions below, and submissions of such lines after the 2001 year will depend upon the adoption of formal guidelines. We are in the process of drafting a formal plan, hopefully one that will be approved at the 2001 Hard Winter Wheat Workers Conference.
Provisional plan for the submission of lines with patented or protected genes:
Definition:
"protected" gene = a gene whose use is restricted by patents,
Material Transfer Agreements, or other types of research agreements.
Wheat lines carrying such traits may be entered in the 2001 HWW Regional nurseries (RGON, SRPN, NRPN) under the following conditions:
1. Cooperators may cross with the line in question. Thereafter, the cooperator making such crosses must either have their own research agreement with the trait owner, or, if such an agreement is lacking, they must remove the trait from breeding populations by selection.
2. The owner of the trait has been informed of the submission, and that they agree to the conditions set forth in #1.
3. All other uses of the line are governed by the Wheat Workers Code of Ethics.
4. The trait may not have been inserted into the wheat genome by genetic engineering. In other words, the wheat line in question may not be transgenic.
At this point in time, transgenics may not be entered in the program. I am certain this question will arise in the near future, so I have contacted USDA-APHIS regarding this point. If you are interested in the details, the attached file contains the pertinent points of our e-mail exchange (note by HRSW coordinator: this file is not included in this report). The APHIS responses are in bold. To make a long story short - transgenic wheat lines will be allowed in the regional program only if they have been granted permanent non-regulated status. Non-regulated status is granted only after the originator files a formal petition to de-regulate a line with APHIS.
SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION, 2002
SPRING WHEAT OTHER THAN DURUM Growers produced an estimated 401.6 million bushels (10.2 million metric tons) of spring wheat. This production estimate is approximately 21.6 percent lower than year 2001 production, and approximately 27.8 percent lower than 2000. Yield averaged 29.5 bushels per acre, a decrease of 5.7 bushels per acre from year 2001, and 8.9 bushels per acre lower than in year 2000. Area harvested totaled approximately 13.6 million acres (5.44 million hectares), which is approximately 6.4 percent lower than harvested area in 2001.
Spring Wheat Production Statistics, 2000-2002.*
|
Acres Harvested (1000) |
|
Bushels (1000) |
|
Yield (Bu/Ac) |
||||||
|
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
|
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
|
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
Minnesota |
1,950 |
1,800 |
1,800 |
|
95,550 |
79,200 |
61,200 |
|
49 |
44 |
34 |
Montana |
3,100 |
2,850 |
3,500 |
|
77,500 |
65,550 |
80,500 |
|
25 |
23 |
23 |
North Dakota |
6,400 |
6,900 |
6,000 |
|
233,600 |
234,600 |
168,000 |
|
36.5 |
34 |
28 |
South Dakota |
1,580 |
1,650 |
1,000 |
|
60,040 |
64,350 |
24,000 |
|
38 |
39 |
24 |
Washington |
620 |
630 |
615 |
|
33,480 |
25,830 |
26,445 |
|
54 |
41 |
43 |
Wyoming |
8 |
6 |
4 |
|
232 |
168 |
96 |
|
29 |
28 |
24 |
USA |
14,489 |
14,549 |
13,613 |
|
556,632 |
512,008 |
401,589 |
|
38.4 |
35.2 |
29.5 |
*
Source: National Agricultural Statistics Service:
(http://www.usda.gov/nass/pubs/estindx3.htm#wheats)
NURSERY DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY
The Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery (HRSWURN) was planted for the 74th year in 2002. The nursery contained 32 entries submitted by 10 different scientific or industry organizations, and 5 checks (Table 1). Trials were conducted as randomized complete blocks with three replicates. The HRSWURN was planted at 19 locations in 7 different states in the USA (MN, ND, SD, MT, NE, WY, and WA), and at two locations in separate provinces in Canada (Manitoba and Saskatchewan). All but one of the locations provided data for analysis and inclusion in this report (Table 2). Data recorded at each of these locations are presented in Tables 3 through 20. For each location, entries are presented in their order of yield. Overall means across locations for a set of traits are summarized in Table 21. Two-year means for entries previously entered in the 2001 HRSWURN are presnted in Table 22.
The highest average yielding location was Bozeman, MT with 60 Bu/Ac, while the lowest yielding location was Hettinger, ND with approximately 20.6 Bu/Ac. The average yield for the 16 combined locations was 39.8 Bu/Ac. Sixteen lines fell within ± 1/2 of one LSD unit of this value, and 26 fell within ± 1 LSD unit. The five top yielding lines were SD3641, ND744, SD3623, N99-0107, and N98-0286, which each exhibited mean yields exceeding 43 Bu/Ac. The entries with the highest test weights were 01M96, MN97695-4, FA-900-720, ND744, and ND739.
Combined data for experimental lines and checks grown in both the 2001 and 2002 HRSWURN are provided in Table 22. The highest yields were observed in SD3540, SD3546,and ND741. The highest test weight entry was FA-900-720 (61 Lb/Bu), followed by SD3546 and ND741.
The entries were also evaluated for Fusarium head blight resistance in nurseries at St. Paul and Crookston, MN, and at Langdon, ND. Adult plant leaf and stem rust resistance was evaluated in three North Dakota nurseries and one nursery in St. Paul, MN. Seedling stem rust resistance was evaluated as well. These data are presented in Tables 23-25 (FHB) and 26-29 (leaf and stem rust).