INFLUENCE OF INTRAVARIETAL SELECTION ON DROUGHT RESISTANCE ON
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF BARLEY
Tiunova Ljudmila, Lisitsyn Eugene,
Lisitsyna Irina
North-East Agricultural Research
Institute, 166-a
The accent in breeding work now is made on adaptive
system. It means creation of varieties combining high potential productivity
and quality of crop with resistance against abiotic and biotic stressors
(Zhuchenko, 2000). On the data of world climatologists probability of such
adverse phenomenon as the drought at the nearest decades will accrue. Therefore
breeding of drought-resistant varieties is an actual problem of agriculture. It
is known, that selection in a line of consecutive generations on a background
of constant influence of any stressful factor may increase a level of variety
resistance against this factor considerably (Udovenko, 1995).
Breeding process on creation of varieties with high
adaptation potential includes the analysis of interaction of varying environment
conditions and laws of formation of elements of plants productivity as basic
mechanism of their adaptation to soil - climatic conditions of a zone of
cultivation.
Chlorophylls and carotenes are the major components of
the photosynthetic apparatus of leaves. Their quantitative content in leaves
depends on growth conditions of organism, and its genetic nature. Therefore it
can be used as the physiological parameter describing features of plants. The
amount of pigments reflects reaction of a plant organism to growth conditions
also.
Studying the dynamics of contents of chlorophylls and
carotenes in leaves of grain crops enables to estimate their adaptibility
against action of the stressful factor. There are indications on correlation
between value of specific leaf area and productivity of fodder grasses,
productivity of leguminous cultures (Zelenskij M.I., 1995).
Materials and Methods. Two barley
varieties (Novichok and Ecolog) breed in North-East Agricultural Research
Institute (
Results and
Discussion. The designed parameters of contents of chlorophylls
a and b, carotene in dry matter, the ratio of contents of
chlorophylls a and b and specific leaf area (
From the data of the table it is visible, that
statistically significant differences between groups of plants within a variety
on stages of development for both barley varieties were observed only at a tillering
stage. At later stages of development there were not significant differences.
Table. Influence of intravarietal selection on photosynthetic parameters
of barley
Variety |
Growth
stage* |
Group of
plants |
Chlorophyll
content, mg/g of
dry matter |
Carotene
content, mg/g of
dry matter |
Specific
leaf area, mg/sm2 |
|||
а |
в |
а+в |
а/в |
|||||
Novichok |
1 |
Short-root |
5,39а |
2,85с |
8,25а |
1,88a |
2,45d |
5,05a |
2 |
4,60а |
1,63а |
6,24а |
2,82bc |
1,51a |
7,14b |
||
3 |
5,53а |
1,83а,в |
7,36а |
3,03cd |
2,07cd |
7,206b |
||
1 |
Long-root |
4,48а |
2,27b |
6,75а |
1,96a |
1,74ab |
5,81ab |
|
2 |
4,61а |
1,63a |
6,25а |
2,83c |
1,62ab |
7,20b |
||
3 |
6,29а |
1,97ab |
8,25а |
3,19d |
2,31cd |
7,20b |
||
Ecolog |
1 |
Short-root |
4,72a |
1,98c |
6,70a |
1,81b |
2,41a |
5,87b |
2 |
4,11a |
1,38a |
5,49a |
1,33a |
2,97bcd |
9,10d |
||
3 |
6,63cd |
2,15c |
8,77cd |
2,20cd |
3,08cd |
6,57b |
||
1 |
Long-root |
6,44cd |
2,42c |
8,86d |
2,27d |
2,67ab |
4,36a |
|
2 |
4,13a |
1,58ab |
5,88a |
1,44a |
2,72ab |
8,21cd |
||
3 |
6,67d |
2,15c |
8,82cd |
2,33d |
3,11d |
6,12b |
* -1, 2, 3 – stages of
tillering, form leaf-tube, and earing, accordingly. Within a column, any two means having a
letter in common are not significantly different at the 5% level by Duncan
Multiple Range Test
Differences were indicated between groups of short-
and long-root plants at the first stage for variety Ecolog on parameters of
content of chlorophyll a, the total content of chlorophylls a and
b, carotene and
Reliability of differences on development stages
between plant groups is visible on a parameter of ratio of contents of
chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b in long-root group of plants of
variety Novichok. Significant differences on phases of development were marked
on a parameter of content of carotene in short-root group and on
Conclusion. Based on the received data, it is
possible to conclude, that division within variety on groups of plants by a
level of drought resistance is reflected in value of investigated parameters of
plants of these groups. At different development stages of plants values of
parameters of photosynthetic activity of barley also differ. It specifies an
opportunity of selection of populations, more resistant against stressful
factor, than initial varieties, by selection already at early stages of
development.
REFERENCES
Zhuchenko
A.A. Ecological-genetic basis of adaptive system of selection of plants //
Agricultural. Biology, - 2000.- №3 [in Russian]
Zelensky
M.I. Photosynthetic characteristics of the major agricultural crops and
prospects of their selection use. // Physiological bases of selection of plants
/ V.A. Dragavtsev, G.V. Udovenko, N.F. Batygin, etc.:
Klimashevsky
E.L. Physiological features of a root feeding of different varieties of corn in
the Nonchernozem strip (sketches of physiology of a variety). -
Udovenko
G.V. Resistance of plants against abiotic stresses // Physiological bases of
selection of plants / V.A. Dragavtsev, G.V. Udovenko, N.F. Batygin, etc.: