Items from the United States - Georgia / Florida.

ITEMS FROM THE UNITED STATES

GEORGIA / FLORIDA

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Department of Agronomy, Griffin, GA 30212, USA.

J.W. Johnson, R.D. Barnett, B.M. Cunfer, and G.D. Buntin. [p. 238]

The 2000 Georgia winter wheat crop was grown on about 250,000 harvested acres. The crop production resulted in a state average yield of 52 bu/acre, which was 29 % more than in 1999. Overall, the season was characterized by a mild, dry winter followed by a dry, hot spring. Some cultivars had vernalization problems because the warm autumn and winter delayed planting. Cool, dry conditions prevailed through the grain-filling stage. Powdery mildew and leaf rust also were a major factor in some low yields. Hessian fly infestations reached damaging levels in some parts of the state.

Breeding. [p. 238]

The SRWW line GA 89482 was released as an exclusively cultivar as AGS 2000. GA 89482 was selected from the cross 'Pioneer 2555/PF 84301//FL302' and carries the T1B·1R translocation. This cultivar possesses excellent resistance to powdery mildew, moderate resistance to leaf rust, and good resistance to Hessian fly. GA 89482 has excellent test weight and straw-strength and is medium in maturity.

GA 901146E15 was released as an exclusive cultivar and was selected from the cross 'GA 831127-3//79102/3* 821264'. GA 831127-3 is an experimental line from the cross 'GA 73016/3/Hunter//GA 74-23-1/C762'. GA 79102 is an early maturing line that has the leaf rust resistant gene Lr24 and the powdery mildew gene Pm17 on the T1A·1R translocation from Amigo.

GA 91426E39 was released as an exclusive cultivar and was selected from the cross 'GA 841474/Stuckey'. GA 841474 is an experimental line with the pedigree 'Coker 797/Oasis//Saluda/Coker 916'. Stuckey is an early-maturing cultivar with good powdery mildew and leaf rust.

 

Entomology. [p. 238]

Warmer than normal weather and the continued shift towards reduced tillage production during the last few winters has allowed Hessian fly populations and damage to increase in Georgia. The biotype mix of populations from southwestern Georgia in 2000 was 88 % biotype O, 6 % biotype M, 1 % biotype L, and 1­2 % each for biotypes E, F, G, and M. These data were determined by R. Ratcliffe, USDA, Purdue University. Therefore, only 1 % of the population (Biotype L) was virulent to H7H8, whereas 98 %, 94 %, and 92 % of the population was virulent to genes H3, H5, and H6, respectively. The number one variety in the state last season, Pioneer Brand 2684, is susceptible to Hessian fly. This variety was severely damaged in some areas. Several other varieties including AGS 2000, Roberts, Fleming, NK-Coker 9835, and Pioneer Brand 26R61 are still resistant the Hessian fly within the state.

Publications. [p. 238-239]

  • Blount AR, Barnett RD, Johnson JW, Pfahler PL, and Wright DL. 2000. 1999 Florida small grain forage variety trials. Univ Fla Agric Exp Sta, NFREC-Quincy Research Report 2000-05.
  • Buntin GD and Cunfer BM (eds). 2000. Southern small grain resource management handbook. GAES Bulletin 1190 (revised). 76 pp. (www.ces.uga.edu/pubcd/B1190.htm).
  • Cunfer BM. 2000. Stagonospora and Septoria diseases of barley, oat, and rye. Can J Plant Pathol 22:332-348.
  • Johnson JW, Barnett RD, Cunfer BM, Buntin GD, Bland DE, and Roberts JJ. 2000. Registration of 'GA-Roberts' wheat. Crop Sci 40:297-298.
  • Johnson JW, Bland DE, Barnett RD, Cunfer BM, Buntin GD, and Roberts JJ. 2000. Registration of 'GA-Fleming' wheat. Crop Sci 40:578.
  • Johnson JW, Barnett RD, and Cunfer BM. 2000. Sources of resistance to foliar diseases in wheat. In: Abstracts of Technical Papers, 2000 Annual Meeting, Southern Branch of American Society of Agronomy, 30-31 January 2000, Lexington, KY. 27:10.
  • Johnson JW and Barnett RD. 2001. Tolerance of wheat genotypes to waterlogged conditions. In: Wheat in a Global Environment, Proc 6th Internat Wheat Conf (Bedö Z and Láng L eds). Klewer Academic Press, Dordrecht, the Netherlands. p. 210.
  • Nunan A, McElfresh B, and Johnson JW. 2000. Student garden boosts math and science scores. Better Crops 4:12-13.