GrainGenes

II.30 Characteristics of telotrisomics and other aneuploids in barley.

T. Tsuchiya. Agronomy Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, U.S.A.

Reports II.29 (P. 58) through II.39 (P. 66) by T. Tsuchiya and coworkers are based on the results of researches supported partly by NSF Research Grant GB 4482 X.

Characteristics of seven telotrisomics and three other aneuploids have been studied with the materials grown in the greenhouse in the fall and winter of 1970. The materials used are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Designation and the source of 7 telotrisomics and 3 other aneuploids.

Telotrisomic 1L. Tsuchiya, T. 1966 Barley Newsletter (BNL)9:62.

Telotrisomic 1S. Tsuchiya, T. 1969 Genetica 40:216-232.

Telotrisomic for telocentric chromosome 2L (Telo2L). This telotrisomic is morphologically very similar to the primary trisomic for complete chromosome 2 and impossible to distinguish this from a primary type, Slender, without chromosome study. Plant color is lighter green than control with narrow and long drooping leaves. Spikes are compact with relatively large glumes with long glume awns. Plants are vigorous and fertility is high.

Telotrisomic for telocentric chromosome 2B (Telo 2B). Narrower, but not long, leaves which are slightly darker green than diploid sibling. Heading date is slightly later than diploid sibs. Arm designation not yet determined.

Telotrisomic for Telo 3A. See II.29, BGN Vol. 1:58

Trisomic with 2n = 14 + 1 acrocentric chromosome (Acro 3A). Generally, very similar to primary trisomic type; Pale and the telotrisomic type for Telo 3A (II.29 of BGN 1). Pale green plant color with extremely revoluted and drooping leaves with abundant long hairs on the surface, particularly on the second through fourth leaves. Easily identified at early seedling stage.

Trisomic with 2n = 14 + 1 small submetacentric chromosome 3 (small meta 3A). This trisomic is also easily identified at early seedling stage. The morphology of this aneuploid is generally similar to the primary trisomic for chromosome 3 (Pale), and the other two trisomic types mentioned above with some differences from them. The leaves and plant color are less pale green compared to the primary type, Pale and the other two aneuploids. Leaves are relatively short (shorter than diploids and above-mentioned three trisomic types, primary Pale, Telo 3A and small meta 3A). Hairs on the leaves are abundant and similar to other three aneuploid types. Spikes are almost normal with long awns.

Telotrisomic for telocentric chromosome 4A. Arm designation has not yet been determined. Plant and leaf color is darker green with a wavy leaf margin. There is very little purple color at the basal part of the leaf sheaths. Generally, they are similar to the primary trisomic type for complete chromosome 4 (Robust), but probably the diagnostic characteristics are less conspicuous compared to the primary trisomic Robust. The plant is vigorous and fertility is high.

Trisomic with 2n = 14 + acrocentric 4 (Acro 4A). Morphologically almost the same as the above mentioned Telotrisomic for 4A, which is the direct derivative of this trisomic type.

Telotrisomic for telocentric chromosome 5A (Telo 5A). Morphological and cytological studies were made by George Fedak (Fedak et al., 1971. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. In press). This telotrisomic is generally similar to the primary trisomic for complete chromosome 5 (Pseudonormal). Slightly yellowish green leaves wlth a yellow stripe and are narrower than diploid sibling. However, leaves are not revoluted in contrast to the extremely revoluted leaves which are a typical qualitative character for the primary trisomic, Pseudonormal. Therefore, the genetic factor controlling the revoluted leaves must be carried by the other arm. This telotrisomic is rather easily distinguished from diploid siblings, primary trisomics and other trisomic types. Plant growth is slow.

BGN 1 toc
BGN Main Index