GrainGenes

A considerable number of new genes have been found and assigned new symbols by several workers without application to or clarification of the Nomenclature Committee. Those are genes such as mt,,e, necl, nld, nls, v2, v4, v5, X_al, and many others (cf. Table 1, BGN 10, p. 97).

Workers who reported on those genes should prepare "Description of Genetic Stocks" and apply for the symbol by following the guidelines published in:
BGN 3:92-95

Another aspect in the description of genetic stocks is the need for revision and/or correction of the previous descriptions. With the new information added to any genetic stocks by allelism testing and/or linkage studies, the description needs frequent revision. Also it is necessary to make corrections for errors or mistakes in the previous descriptions.

I have tried to make revisions and/or corrections for description of some genetic stocks. I urge all workers who obtained new information or found errors/mistakes in the previous descriptions to make revision or correction of description as soon as possible. This revision/correction will provide up-to-date information on the barley genetic stocks to other barley workers. Your cooperation is highly appreciated.

T. Tsuchiya
Barley Genetic Stock Center
Department of Agronomy
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
U.S.A.
 
 

BGS 0001   Brachytic plant   br

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1,2). Allelic to brachytic mutant in Moravian brachytic and Swedish mutant ari-i³⁸. Located on chromosome 1 (2).

Description: Brachytic or semi-dwarf type mutant was selected by L. J. Stadler and gene symbol br was given by Powers (1). A shortened plant with short leaves, short awns, and short internodes. It is distinct enough to be easily classified and equal in viability to the normal (2).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Himalaya (1,2).

Mutational events: br in Himalaya (1,2), br in Moravian brachytic (3), br in ari-i³⁸ in Bonus (3).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: br in Himalaya. n v k b R

References:
1. Powers, LeRoy. 1936. Genetics 21:398-420.
2. Swenson, S. P. 1940. Jour. Agr. Res. 60:687-713.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. BGN 4:80-81.

Revised:
T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus 1970.
T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:100.
 

BGS 0002   Chlorina seedling   f_c

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (2). Chromosomal location on chromosome 1 (3).

Description: Bright yellow leaves with green tips at the seedling stage. All new leaves show yellow base and green tips. As plant grows the leaf color changes to green. Plants grow vigorously.

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Colsess (2) and Trebi (1).

Mutational events: f_c in Colsess V (2). f_c in Trebi chlorina 453, Trebi V, Trebi IX and Trebi XI (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  f_c in Colsess V. N v K b R s.

References:
1. McMullen, M. 1972. BGN 2:76-79.
2. Robertson, D. W. and G. W. Deming. 1930. J. Hered. 21:283-288.
3. Robertson, D. W., G. W. Deming and D. Koonce. 1932. Jour. Agr. Res. 44:445-466.

Prepared: T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1970. BGN 1:105.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:101.
 

BGS 0005    Chlorina 8     f8

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:  None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (2).  Located on chromosome 1L (1,2,3).

Description:  In the seedling stage at 70°F the plants are Scheele's Green (Ridgeway, 112. Plate VI i). The plant remains chlorina until ripening (2).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar ComfortII.

Mutational events: f8 in Comfort II (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: f8 in Comfort III. N v k b r S

References:
1. Eslick, R. F. 1976. BGN 6:10-13.
2. Robertson, D. W. 1967. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 9:321-326.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Seiken Ziho 23:47-62.

Prepared: T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1979. BGN 1:108.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:102.
 
 

BGS 0017    Chlorina     f4

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:  Yellow viable, yv, (2,5)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial Recessive (5).  Located on chromosome lL (1,4,5)

Description:  Seedlings are yellow-green on emergence and maintain this color until near maturity. The mature plants are vigorous (5).

Origin of mutant: Beta-ray treatment in cultivar Montcalm (5)

Mutational events: f4 in Montcalm (5)

Mutant used for description and seed stock: f4 in Montcalm

References
1. Eslick, R. F. 1976. BGN 6:10-13.
2. Robertson, D. W. 1964. Barley Genet. I:159-180.
3. Robertson, D. W., G. A. Wiebe, R. G. Shands, and A. Hagberg. 1965. Crop Sci. 5:33-43.
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. BGN 2:93-98.
5. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller and K. Kasha. 1963. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 5:200-219.

Prepared: T. E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:98.

Revised: T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10: 103.
 
 

BGS 0052   Orange seedling   or

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1). Located on chromosome 2 (1).

Description: The normal color of the orange seedling in the field (low temperature) is "apricot yellow" (Ridgeway, Plate IV, 1912). They respond to high temperatures and may be grown to maturity under the proper environment (1,2). The yellow plant color is stable up to near maturity (2).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Trebi (2).

Mutational events: or in Trebi IV (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: or in Trebi IV. N v k b R s.

References:
1. Robertson, D. W. and O. H. Coleman. 1940. Jour. Genet. 39:401-410.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1971. Barley Genetics Newsletter 1:65-66.

Prepared: T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus 1970. BGN 1:112.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:104.
 

BGS 0053    Albino seedling    a2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:  Normal vs. albino seedling A₁ a₁ (1).  Normal vs. albino seedling A2 a2 (2).

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1).  Located on chromosome 2 (2).

Description:  White seedling, homozygous lethal (1).

Origin of mutant:  a2 in unknown cultivar (1).

Mutational events:  a2 in Albino 2.

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  a2 in Nilson-Ehle 2.   N V k b R s.

References:
1. Nilsson-Ehle, H. 1922. Hereditas 3:191-199.
2. Robertson, D. W. 1967. Crop Sci. 7:41-42.

Prepared:  T. E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya 1970. BGN 1:113.

Corrected: T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:105.
 

BGS 0055    Chlorina seedling    f

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:  None, for f; lg (light green) (3,8), lg 8 (8), lg 10 (2).

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (3), Allelic to lg (9), lg 8 (2,8),lg 10 (2).  Chromosomal location on chromosome 2 S (1,4,5,10).

Description:  Pale green chlorophyll-deficient type mutant (5). At the early seedling stage the leaves are yellow green with green tips. Old leaves gradually change to green color. The plants grow to maturity, but are somewhat stunted in the field.

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Golden (4).

Mutational events: f in Golden (4). lg (3), lg 8 (6) and lg 10 (2) all in Himalaya.

Mutant used for description and seed stock:   f in Minn 84-7.   N V k b R S.

References:
1. Hallqvist, C. 1926. Hereditas 8:229-254.
2. Haus. T. E. 1973. BGN 3:17-18.
3. Immer, F. R. and M. T. Henderson. 1943. Genetics 28:419-440.
4. Nilson-Ehle, H. 1913. Zeits. induk. Abst. Vererbgslehre 9:289-300.
5. Nilson-Ehle, H. 1922. Hereditas 3:191-199.
6. Personal communication from E. R. Sears to D. W. Robertson. 1938.
7. Robertson, D. W., G. W. Deming and D. Koonce. 1932. Jour. Agr. Res. 44:445-466.
8. Robertson, D. W., G. A. Wiebe and R. G. Shands. 1947. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:464-473.
9. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. BGN 4:79.
10. Tsuchiya, T. and R. J. Singh. BGN 3:75-78.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1970. BGN 1:115.

Revised:   T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:106.
 

BGN 0059   Grandpa   gp

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to gp2 (3,5,7). Located on chromosome 2 (3). gp2 was said to be located on chromosome 6 (6). Later gp2 was found to be allelic to gp (3,5) and located on the long arm of chromosome 2, 2L (5).

Description:  Grandpa has no chlorophyll in awns or glumes, the head being white (2). Seedling homozygous for gp displays a pattern of transverse white bands alternating with green bands on the first, second and occasionally the third, foliage leaves. Later in development, at the time of heading, grandpa plants produce an albino flag or terminal leaf, peduncle and spike (4).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Lyallpur (gp) by G. A. Wiebe (2). Radiation treatment in the cultivar Montcalm (gp2) (6).

Mutational events: gp in Lyallpur (2). gp2 in Montcalm (6).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  gp2 in Montcalm.   N v k b r S (stock).   gp in Lyallpur. N v k b R (description)

References:
1. Immer, F. R. and M. T. Henderson. 1943. Genetics 28:419-440.
2. Martini, M. L. and H. V. Harlan. 1942. J. Hered. 33:339-343.
3. Matchett, R. W. 1968. Ph.D. Thesis. Colorado State Univ., Ft. Collins, Colorado, 123 pp. typed.
4. Matchett, R. W., B. M. Pollock and D. W. Robertson. 1968. J. Hered. 59:279-282.
5. Tsuchiya, T. 1971. Barley Genetics Newsletter 1:62.
6. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich. R. Miller, and K. J. Kasha. 1963. Can. J. Genetc. Cytol-. 5:200-219.
7. Matchett, R. W., H. G. Nass and D. W. Robertson. 1971. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 13:489-498.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1970. BGN 1:119.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:107.
 

BGS 0102   Uzu or semi-brachytic   uz

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1,2). Located on chromosome 3 (3).

Description:  The gene for dwarfness (uz) affects pleiotropically on coleoptile, first and flag leaf, spike, awn, culm, empty glume, axis of rachilla, and grain. The gene affects diminutively in their length and broadly in their width in different degree with different organs. This gene however has no influence on the weight of grains and the heading date. This mutant has not only quantitative difference from normal varieties but also diagnostic qualitative character. The coleoptile of uzu plants show prominent projection or hook at the portion near the apex. Sometimes the coleoptile of the mutant shows a V-shaped notch at the apex and on the opposite side of the projection. In this case, therefore, the apex of the coleoptile has two notches, one on each side (1).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in many Japanese cultivars (1).

Mutational events: uz in many Japanese cultivars (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: uz in Baitori 10.   N v k b R S.

References:
1. Takahashi, R. 1942. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch 9: 71-90.
2. Takahashi, R. 1951. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch 9: 383-398.
3. Takahashi, R. and J. Yamamoto. 1951. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 9: 399-410.

Prepared:   T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus 1970. BGN 1:124.

Corrected:   T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:108.
 

BGS 0103    White streak 3    wst3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to wst (2,3,4,5). Located on chromosome 3 (1).

Description: This mutant always develops, regardless of growing temperature, leaves with fine, narrow white streaks distributing rather uniformly all over. This mutant is characterized by a strange genetic behavior that white streaked plants always segregate about 13-14% of albino plants besides the characteristic white streaked plants (1). A paracentric inversion was found in this stock (3,4). This is most likely the cause of peculiar behavior of wst 3 uz stock (2,3,4).

Origin of mutant: X-ray treatment in the cultivar Akashinriki (1).

Mutational events: wst3 in Akashinriki (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: wst3 in Akashinriki.  n v uz k b S.

References:
1. Takahashi, R. and I. Moriya. 1969. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol. 15:35-46.
2. Takahashi, R. 1972. BGN 2:127-131.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1972a. BGN 2:80-87.
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1972b. BGN 2:104-105.
5. Tsuchiya, T. and T. E. Haus. 1973. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

Prepared: T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1970. BGN 1:125.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:109.
 
 

BGS 0107   White stripe   wst

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: White streak, wst (1). White stripe, wst (2). Stripe, st (3,4).

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to wst 3 and several white stripe (streaked) mutants (5,7,9,10). Located on chromosome 3S (1,6,11).

Description:  The mutant has narrow white stripes on the leaves from the seedling stage to near maturity. The mutants grow vigorously (1). The character expression and breeding behavior are different in different strains. The size of white streak (stripe) sectors varied. All strains segregate albino seedlings with varied frequencies, 1.03% to as high as 25.6% (6,8).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in unknown cultivar (1,6,8) and radiation induced mutation (5,6,7,8).

Mutational events: wst in C.I. 11767 (and C.I. 11766) in unknown variety (1); C.I. 6856 (Grandpa fine stripe) in unknown variety; wst in Himalaya(Caldecott's streak) (7,10) and in Akashinriki (wst 3) (6,7,8,9,10) were induced by radiation.

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  (C.I. 11767). n v k B R S.

References:
1. Robertson, D. W. 1967. Crop Sci. 7:41-42.
2. Robertson, D. W. 1971. Barley Genetics II:220-242.
3. Kasha,K. J. and G.W.R. Walker. 1960. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.
4. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, R.G. Shands and A. Hagberg. 1965. Crop Sci. 5:33-34.
5. Takahashi, R. 1972. BGN 2:127-131.
6. Takahashi, R. and I. Moriya. 1969. Ber. Ohara Inst. Landw. Biol. 15:35-46.
7. Tsuchiya. T. 1972a. BGN 2:80-87.
8. Tsuchiya. T. 1976. BGN 6:76-77.
9. Tsuchiya, T. and T.E. Haus. 1973. J. Hered. 64:282-284.
10. Tsuchiya, T. and D. Jensen. 1973. BGN 3:69-70.
11. Tsuchiya, T. and R.J. Singh. 1973. BGN 3:75-78.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1970. BGN 1:129.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:110.
 

BGS 0108   Albino lemma   al

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to mut 966/61 (1), Swedish mutants eburatum, ebu^-2 and ebu^-3 (3). Located on chromosome 3 (1).

Description:  Lemma and palea are mostly chlorophyll-less and white or ivory colored, but terminate into green tips with green awns. Characteristic discoloration at the basal parts of lower leaf sheath and stem nodes. Ligules and joints between sheath and blade are of white color.

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in unknown cultivar and collected as Russian No. 82 (1) and radiation induced mutations in Swedish variety (2) and Proctor (3).

Mutational events: al in Russian 82 (1), al in Mut 966/61 in var. Proctor (3), ebu^-2 and ebu^-3 of Swedish mutant.

Mutant used for description and seed stock: al in Russian 82. N v k b R S.

References:
1. Takahashi, R. and J. Hayashi. 1959. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol. 11:132-140.
2. Gustafsson, A., H. Hagberg. U. Lundqvist and G. Persson. 1969. Hereditas 62:409-414.
3. Hauser. H. and G. Fischbeck. 1972. BGN 2:28-29.
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1973. BGN 3:67-68.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus. 1979. BGN 1:130.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:111.
 
 

BGS 0113   Xantha seedling   x_s

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Located on chromosome 3 (1).

Description:  The mutant has yellow seedling (Citron green, Ridgway, Plate 31) and the homozygous recessive was recorded as lethal (1).

Origin of mutant :  Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Smyrna (1).

Mutational events:  x_s in Smyrna I (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  x_s in Smyrna I. N V k b R S.

References:
1. Robertson, D. W. 1937. Genetics 22:443-451.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus 1970. BGN 1:135.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:112.
 
 

BGS 0118   Low number of tillers   lnt

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:  rnt for reduced number of tillers (1,2).

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1).

Located on chromosome 3 (1).

Description:  Reduced number of tillers and stiff straw.  Mean culm number of individual being 2 ~ 3 including main stem.  Leaf color is dark green (1).

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous mutations which occurred in the hybrid of "Chikurin Ibaragi No. 2 x Miho Hadaka" (1).

Mutational events:  lnt in Mitake (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  lnt in Mitake. N v uz k b O S

References:
1. Nonaka, S. 1973. BGN 3:45-47.
2. Nonaka, S. 1973. BGN 3:120.

Prepared:  S. Nonaka. 1972. BGN 3:120.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:113.

NOTE: Since International Committee for Nomenclature and Symbolization decided to use R and r for pest resistant and susceptible genes, it became necessary to change all symbols with R or r as the first letter.
 
 

BGS 0155    Glossy seedling (leaf)    gl

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: wl (?), gl 2 (4)

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to gl 2 (4,5). Located on chromosome 4 (1).

Description: Seedlings glossy, fully viable (1). Leaf blades lack wax coating and have shiny or glossy appearance. All other plant parts have normal wax coating.

Origin of mutant: X-ray treatment (1,2) in the cultivar Himalaya.

Mutational events: gl (1,2) in Himalaya (glossy 2A) and gl (gl2) in Himalaya (glossy 2B)

Mutant used for description and seed stock: gl in Himalaya (1,2) n v k b R S

References:
1. Immer, F. R. and M. T. Henderson. 1943. Genetics 28:419-440.
2. Stadler, L. J. (1930). Personal communication from E. R. Sears to D. W. Robertson (1938).
3. Robertson, D. W., G. A. Wiebe and F. R. Immer. 1941. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 33:47-64.
4. Haus, T. E. and T. Tsuchiya. 1972. BGN 2:79-80.
5. Tsuchiya, T. and T. E. Haus. 1973. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

Prepared:  T. E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1970. BGN 1:141.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:114.
 
 

BGS 0157    Brachytic 2    br2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (2). Located on chromosome 4 (1).

Description:  Plant height, length of stem, leaf, spike, awn, kernels glume and glume awn, rachilla and coleoptile are all shorter than the original variety, Svanhals. Auricles develop well and larger than those in the original variety (2).

Origin of mutant: X-ray treatment in the cultivar Svanhals (2).

Mutational events: br2 in KM (K mut) 28 in Svanhals (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: br2 in Svanhals. N V k b R.

References:
1. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi and I. Moriya. 1971. Barley Genetics Newsletter 1: 51-58.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1962. Seiken Ziho 14:21-34.

Prepared:  T. E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya 1970. BGN 1:143.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:115.
 
 

BGS 0159   Glossy seedling 2    gl2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to gl (3,4). Located on chromosome 4 (1).

Description:  Seedlings glossy, fully viable (1). From seedling stage to near maturity leaves have shiny or glossy appearance, because of lack of wax coating on leaf blades

Origin of mutant:  X-ray treatment in the cultivar Himalaya (1).

Mutational events:  gl2 in Himalaya.

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  gl2 in Himalaya. n v k b R s.

References:
1. Robertson, D. W. and O. H. Coleman. 1942. J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 34:1028-1034.
2. Stadler, L. J. (1930.) Personal communication from E. R. Sears to D. W. Robertson (1938).
3. Haus. T.E. and T. Tsuchiya. 1972. BGN 2:79-80.
4. Tsuchiya, T. and T.E. Haus. 1973. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

Prepared:  E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya 1970. BGN 1:145.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:116.
 
 

BGS 0165    Glossy seedling (leaf) 3    gl3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1,2,3). Allelic to gl4 (4,5). Located on chromosome 4 (1,2,3)

Description: Seedlings glossy, fully viable (1). From seedling stage to near maturity leaves have shiny or glossy appearance, because of lack of waxy bloom on leaf blades.

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Goseshikoku (1).

Mutational event: gl3 in Goseshikoku

Mutant used for description and seed stock: gl3 in Goseshikoku. N v uz Hs k b R S

References:
1. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi and I. Moriya. 1962. Barley Newsletter 5:41.
2. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi and Ch. Hirao. 1968. Barley Newsletter 11:59.
3. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi and I. Moriya. 1971. Barley Genetics Newsletter 1:55-57
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1973. BGN 3:66-67
5. Tsuchiya, T. and T. E. Haus. 1973. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

Prepared:  R. Takahashi 1971. BGN 2:190.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:117.
 
 

BGS 0168   Ovaryless (male)    ovl

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: Kmut 21b ovl (2,3)

Inheritance: Recessive or very weak codominance (3) located on chromosome 4 (1,5)

Description: The phenotype of the homozygous recessive plant shows nonfunctional female reproductive parts but anthers are well developed and fully pollen fertile. Spikes are nearly normal length but are awnless and completely sterile. Due to the lack of a midvein and rapid elongation, the second and later leaves droop noticeably. Leaf length slightly differs from normal although the leaves are somewhat narrower. The phenotype of the heterozygous plant shows a midvein present in the basal half of the leaf but disappearing toward the tip. This results in some drooping effect, but less apparent than in the homozygous plants. Leaf length and width is nearly normal and the plant is fertile (2,3).

Origin of mutant: Induced by Gamma ray in cultivar Kanto Bansei Gall, a two-rowed, spring type malting barley variety (2,3).

Mutational events: ovl in cultivar Kanto Bansei Gall (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: ovl in cultivar Kanto Bansei Gall. The original stock carried both ovl and a reciprocal translocation (T4-6) (3,4). In this stock, for ovl, the translocation was eliminated.

References:
1. Seip, L. and T. Tsuchiya. 1979. BGN 9:89-90.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1962. Seiken Ziho (Rep. Kihara Inst. Biol. Res.). 14:21-34.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1969. Induced mutations in plants. :573-580.
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. BGN 2:107-108
5. Tsuchiya, T., S.D. Tanksley and R. Ward. 1976. BGN 6:95-96.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchlya and L. Seip. 1980. BGN 10: 118.
 
 

BGS 0172    Short awn    lk 5

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:  None

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive, located on chromosome 4 (1).  Allelic to mutant KM 218 (2) and ari-c² (2). Located on 4L (4)

Description:  Awns short on both central and lateral flowers (1,3). Rachilla often modified, in extreme cases rachilla may develop as transformed additional florets (3).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutant in unknown cultivar (1) and induced by radiation (2,3).

Mutational events: lk 5 in C.I. 5641 (1). lk 5 in KM 218 (2) in Hakata No. 2 (2,3). lk 5 in ari-c² in Bonus (2)

Mutant used for description and seed stock: lk 5 in C.I. 5641 (seed stock) and KM218 for description (3).

References:
1. Litzenberger, S.C. and J.M. Green. 1951. Agron. J. 43:117-123.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. BGN 4:80-81.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1975. Genetica 45:519-529.
4. Tsuchiya, T. and L.B. Hall. 1978. BGN 8:104-107.

Prepared:  T.E. Haus. 1978. BGN 8:156.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:119.
 
 

BGS 0201  Chlorina 7   f7

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to chlorina in Smyrna III(2). Located on chromosome 5 (1).

Description: In the greenhouse at 70°F the seedlings are light Bice Green (Ridgeway, 1912. Plate XVII i ). The plants remain light green until near maturity (1).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Smyrna (1).

Mutational events: f7 in Smyrna II (1), f7 in Smyrna III (2).

Mutant uset for description and seed stock: f7 in Smyrna II. N V k b R s.

References:
1. Robertson, D. W. 1967. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 9: 321-326.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. BGN 2:80-87.

Prepared:  T. E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya 1970. BGN 1:146.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:120.
 
 

BGS 0202    Third outer glume    trd

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: third glume, t (1); bracteate (3); bracteatum, bra-c¹ (6).

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1,2,3,4). Located on chromosome 5 (1,2,4).

Description:  Spikelets of the mutant form were bracted in a remarkably similar way to those of Ivanova's material (2). Characteristic trait of this mutant is the presence of a bract or a so-called third outer glume outside the two empty glumes of each central floret. Size of the lowest bract is always the largest, embracing in some cases about one-half of the very compact and short head, and it becomes smaller toward the top of the head (4). Allelic tests among these trd mutants have not been made. The linkage value between trd locus and B locus was very similar to one another (1,2,4). It was assumed therefore that these three similar type mutants may have occurred recurrently by the same mutation at three different places (2,4). Takahashi et. al. (4) assumed that the material used by them may be the same as the one used by Miyake and Imai (3).

Origin of mutant: trd spontaneous mutation in H. vulgare var. afghanicum (1). Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Valki, C.I. 5478 (2). Spontaneous occurrence (3,4). Induced by irradiation in Proctor (7) and Swedish variety (6).

Mutational events: trd in H. vulgare var. afghanicum (1,5: cf 4), trd in Valki, C.I. 5478 (2), trd in Japanese cultivar (3,4), trd in Mut 1969/61 in var. Proctor (7), trd in Swedish mutant, bra-c¹ (8).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: trd in Valki. N V k b.

References:
1. Ivanova, K.V. 1937. Bull. Appl. Bot. Genet. and Plant Breed., Series II, Genet., P1. Breed. and Cytol. 7:339-353.
2. Konzak, C.F. 1953. J. Hered. 44:103-104.
3. Miyake, K. and Y. Imai. 1922. Bot. Mag. Tokyo. 36:25-38.
4. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda and Y. Itano. 1953. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch 10:29-52.
5. Vavilov, N.I. and D.D. Buchinich. 1929. Bull. Appl. Bot. Genet. and Plant Breed. Suppl. 33.
6. Gustafsson, A., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist and G. Persson. 1969. Hereditas 62:409-414.
7. Hauser,H. and G. Fischbeck. 1972. BGN 2:28-29.
8. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. BGN 4:82-85.

Prepared: T. E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1970. BGN 1:147.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:121.
 
 

BGS 0208    Fragile stem 2    fs2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (2,3). Located on chromosome 3 (3). Later it was proven that fs2 is located on chromosome 5L (1,4,5).

Description:  The characteristics of this mutant were similar to fs of Kamairazu (2). At later stages of growth the stems and leaves are very fragile, and easily broken when slightly bent (3). More or less dwarf growth. The young leaves generally wither in the afternoon in the glass house and also in the field in spring. Most of the leaf-tips turn yellow in spring to early summer.

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous mutation in the cultivar Oshichi (1,3).

Mutational events:  fs2 in Oshichi (1,3).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  fs2 in Oshichi-hen. n v k b R uz

References:
1. Takahashi, R. and J Hayashi. 1966. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol. 13:199-212.
2. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda and Y. Itano. 1953. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.
3. Walker, G. W. R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller and K. J. Kasha. 1963. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 5:200-219.
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. J. Hered. 63:373-375.
5. Tsuchiya, T. and R. J. Singh. 1973. BGN 3:75-78

Prepared:  T. E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1970. BGN 1:153.

Revised:
R. Takahashi. 1971. BGN 2:192.
T. Tsuchiya. 1980 BGN 10:122.
 
 

BGS 0256    Glossy leaf 4     gl4

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None.

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Allelic to gl 3 on chromosome 4 (2,3).  Located on chromosome 6 (1),  but later corrected to chromosome 4 (2,3)

Description: Leaf blades are of a distinctive bright-green color, and lack the blue component of normal green foliage. The green color of the stem and sheath is normal (1).

Origin of mutant: Aureomycin treatment in the cultivar Gateway (1).

Mutational events: gl4 in Gateway (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: gl4 in Gateway. N v k b r s

References:
1. Walker, G. W. R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K. J. Kasha. 1963. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 5:200-219.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1973. BGN 3:66-67.
3. Tsuchiya, T. and T.E. Haus. 1973. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

Prepared:  T. Tsuchiya and T. E. Haus 1970. BGN 1:159.

Revised:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:123.
 
 

BGS 0377    shrunken endosperm    segl

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se l (prior 1976).  (BGN 1:190)

Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1). Located on chromosome 1 (1).

Description: The phenotype is "thin" seeds. The 100 seed weight of the mutant is about 33% of normal. Pollen mother cell meiosis, endosperm mitosis and fertility are normal. The mutant does not express xenia. Good stands of thls mutant can be grown under field conditions if optimum environmental conditions prevail during germination and emergence (1). Associated with this gene is an increase in percent lysine in the protein.

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Betzes C.I. 6398 (1).

Mutational events: segla in Betzes C.I. 6398, spontaneous (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: segla in Betzes C.I. 6398. Genotype: V b k N R S.

References:
(1) Jarvi, A. J. 1970. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Universsty, Bozeman, Montana.
(2) Jarvi, A. J. and R. F. Eslick. 1975. Crop Science 15:363-366.

Prepared:  J . Jarvi and R. F. Eslick. 1970. BGN 1:190

Revised:  R F. Eslick. 1976. BGN 6:135.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:124.
 
 

BGS 0378    shrunken endosperm   seg2

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se 2 (prior 1976). (BGN 1:190)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Located on chromosome 1 (1).

Description:  The phenotype is "thin" seeds. The 100 seed weight of the mutant is about 15% of normal. Pollen mother cell meiosis, endosperm mitosis and fertility are normal. The mutant does not express xenia. There is little or no starch deposited in the seed that develops on a homozygous mutant plant. Seed from the homozygous mutant never produce plants under field conditions. Plants can be obtained from the shrunken endosperm seeds by germinating the seed on blotters with a 10% sucrose solution. About 25% of the seeds germinated produce plants after transplanting the seedlings to soil when the coleoptile is about 3 cm in length (1).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Betzes C.I. 6398 (1).

Mutational events: seg2b in Betzes C.I. 6398, spontaneous (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: seg2b in Betzes C.I. 6398. Genotype: V b k N R S.
The most generally acceptible method of reproducing this stock is with the T16c seg2 seg2 balanced tertiary trisomic stock (BGN 1), available from R. T. Ramage.

References:
(1) Jarvi, A. J. 1970. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
(2) Jarvi, A. J. and R. F. Eslick, 1975. Crop Science 15:363-366.
(3) R. T. Ramage, BGN 1:74-80.

Prepared:  A. J. Jarvi and R. F. Eslick. 1970. BGN 1:190-191.

Revised:  R. F. Eslick. 1976. BGN 6;136.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980 BGN 10:125.
 

BGS 0379    shrunken endosperm    seg3

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se 3 (prior 1976). (BGN 1:191)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Located on chromosome 3 (1).

Description:  The phenotype is "thin" seed. The 100 seed weight of the mutant is about 33% of normal. Pollen mother cell meiosis, endosperm mitosis and feritlity are normal. The mutant does not express xenia. Generally good stands of this mutant can be obtained under field conditions (1).

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Compana C.I. 5438 (1).

Mutational events:  seg3c in Compana C.I. 5438, spontaneous (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  seg3c in Compana C.I. 5438. Genotype: V b k N R S.

References:
(1) Jarvi, A. J. 1970. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
(2) Jarvi, A. J. and R. F. Eslick. 1975. Crop Science 15:363-366.

Prepared:  A. J. Jarvi and R. F. Eslick. 1970. BGN 1:191.

Revised:  R. F. Eslick. 1976. BGN 6:137.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:126.
 
 

BGS 0380   shrunken endosperm    seg4

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se 4 (prior 1976). (BGN 1:192)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1). Located on chLomosome 1 (1).

Description:  The phenotype is "thin" seeds accompanied by about 50% female sterility. The sterile florets appear to start development but abort before they reach half the length of the lemma. The 100 seed weight of the mutant is about 38% of normal. Pollen mother cell meiosis and endosperm mitosis are normal. The mutant does not express xenia. The mutant can be grown under field conditions but poor stands are obtained when less than optimum conditions prevail during germination and emergence (1)

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Compana, C.I. 5438 (1).

Mutational events: seg4d in Compana C.I. 5438, spontaneous (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: seg4t in Compana C.I. 5438. Genotype: V b k N R S.

References:
(1) Jarvi, A. J. 1970. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
(2) Jarvi, A. J. and R. F. Eslick. 1975. Crop Science 15:363-366.

Prepared:  A. J. Jarvi and R. F. Eslick. 1970. BGN 1:192

Revised:  R. F. Eslick. 1976. BGN 6:138.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:127.
 
 

BGS 0380   shrunken endosperm    seg4

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se 5 (prior 1976). (BGN 1:192)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive (1).  Located on chromosome 1 (1).

Description:  The phenotype is "thin" seeds accompaniet by about 80% female sterility. The female sterility appears to be due to aborted seed. The caryopsis of the mutant generally extends beyond the lemma and palea. The 100 seed weight of the mutant is quite variable, averaging about 50% of normal. Pollen mother cell meiosis and endosperm mitosis are normal. The mutant does not express xenia (1).

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in a Sermo x Glacier line (1).

Mutational events: seg5 in a Sermo 17* Glacier line, spontaneous (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock: seg5 in Sermo 17* Glacier line. Genotype: v b k N r s.

References:
(1) Jarvi, A. J. 1970. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State University. Bozeman, Montana.
(2) Jarvi, A. J. and R. F. Eslick. 1975. Crop Science 15:363-366.

Prepared:  A. J. Jarvi and R. F. Eslick. 1970. BGN 1:192-193.

Revised:  R. F. Eslick. 1975. BGN 6:139.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:128.
 
 

BGS 0382  shrunken endosperm   sexl

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se 5 (prior 1976). (BGN 1:193)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive expressing xenia (1). Located on chromosome 6 (1).

Description:  After the hard dough stage, seeds of the mutant develop a depression in the center of the lemma which becomes progressively more distinct with maturity. The 100 seed weight of the mutant is about 75% of normal. Pollen mother cell meiosis, endosperm mitosis and fertility are normal. The mature endosperm of the mutant appears to be much harder than normal. The mutant expressed xenia permitting 1:2:1 classification in F2. Field establishment and growth are normal (1).

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Compana C.I. 5438 (1).

Mutational events:  sex6f in Compana C.I. 5438, spontaneous (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  sex6f in Compana C.I. 5438. Genotype: V b k N R S.

References:
(1) Jarvi, A. J. 1970. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.

(2) Jarvi, A. J. and R. F. Eslick. Crop Science 15:363-366.

Prepared:  A. J. Jarvi and R. F. Eslick. 1970. BGN 1:193.

Revised:  R. F. Eslick and E. A. Hockett. 1976. BGN 6:140.

Corrected: T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:129.
 
 

BGS 0396    Shrunken endosperm    seg6

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se6 (BGN 5:114)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive. (1)

Description: The phenotype is "thin" seed. The expression of the character is affected by environment. Seed weights of 25, 50 and 75 per cent of normal were obtained from plants grown in the field in Arizona, in the field in Montana and in the greenhouse in Arizona. Pollen mother cell meiosis and fertility are normal. No difficulties have been encountered in establishing stands of this mutant under field conditions. (1)

Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Ingrid C.I.10083.

Mutational events: seg6f spontaneous occurrence in material of hybrid origin.  seg6g spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Ingrid C.I.10083.

Mutant used for description and seed stock: seg6g in Ingrid C.I.10083.

Reference:
(1) Ramage, R. T. and J. F. Scheuring. Shrunken endosperm mutants seg6 and seg7. Barley Genetics Newsletter 6:59-60.

Prepared:  R. T. Ramage and R. F. Eslick. 1974. BGN 5:114.

Revised:  R. T. Ramage and J. F. Scheuring. 1975. BGN 6:141.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:130.
 

BGS 0397    Shrunken endosperm    seg7

Previous nomenclature and symbolization: se7 (BGN 5:115)

Inheritance:  Monofactorial recessive. (1)

Description:  The phenotype is "thin" seed. The expression of the character is affected by environment. Seed weights of 40, 75 and 90 per cent of normal were obtained from plants grown in the field in Arizona, in the field in Montana and in the greenhouse in Arizona. Pollen mother cell meiosis and fertility are normal. No difficulties have been encountered in establishing stands of this mutant under field conditions. (1)

Origin of mutant:  Spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Ingrid C.I.10083.

Mutational events:  seg7h spontaneous occurrence in the cultivar Ingrid C.I.10083.

Mutant used for description and seed stock:  seg7h in Ingrid C.I. 10083.

References:
(1) Ramage, R. T. and J. F. Scheuring. Shrunken endosperm mutants seg6 and seg7. Barley Genetics Newsletter 6:59-60.

Prepared:  R. T. Ramage and R. F. Eslick. 1974. BGN 5:115.

Revised:  R. T. Ramage and J. F. Scheuring. 1975. BGN 6:142.

Corrected:  T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:131.

BGN 10 toc
BGN Main Index