Coordinator's report: Chromosome 1
Coordinator's report: Chromosome 1
David Laurie
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR47UH, UK.
Email: lauried@bbsrc.ac.uk

One paper was sent to me this year. It describing the use of Morex x Steptoe doubled haploid lines to locate a gene conferring resistance to Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus, strain CV42. The resistance was located in the centromere region of chromosome 1, cosegregating with marker ABC455. Morex carries the resistant allele.
Edwards MC and Steffenson BJ. Genetics and mapping of Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus resistance in barley. Phytopathology (in press).

Several other papers have appeared which involve maps of chromosome 1.

RFLP-based maps

Becker J and Heun M (1995) Mapping of digested and undigested random amplified microsatellite polymorphisms in barley. Genome 38: 991-998.
Becker J and Heun M (1995) Barley microsatellites: allele variation and mapping. Plant Mol. Biol. 27: 835-845. These papers provide additional mapping data on the Proctor x Nudinka cross. In the second paper, microsatellites were developed using database searches of 228 barley sequences. Three microsatellite polymorphisms were mapped on chromosome 1(7H).

Two papers present alignments of barley maps, including chromosome 1(7H).
Langridge P, Karakousis A, Collins N, Kretschmer J, Manning S (1995) A consensus linkage map of barley. Molecular Breeding 1: 389-395. This combines the well known Morex x Steptoe, Igri x Franka and Proctor x Nudinka maps with three additional maps from doubled haploid populations (Clipper x Sahara 3771, Haruno Nijo x Galleon and Chebec x Harrington). Data from a Shannnon x Proctor F2 were also included. The composite maps have a total of 587 markers, 87 of which are of known function.

Sherman JD, Fenwick AL, Namuth DM, Lapitan NVL (1995) A barley RFLP map: alignment of three barley maps and comparisons to Gramineae species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91: 681-690. This paper reports a new spontaneum x vulgare cross of 133 markers, 69 of which were previously mapped, allowing map alignment.

Physical mapping

Hohmann U, Graner A, Endo TR, Gill BS, Herrmann RG (1995) Comparison of wheat physical maps with barley linkage maps for group 7 chromosomes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91: 618-626. This paper compares the physical consensus map of the wheat group 7 chromosomes, derived from analysis of deletion lines, with the chromosome 1(7H) linkage map from the Igri x Franka cross. There is evidence for an inversion on the short arm of the barley chromosome relative to wheat.

Comparative mapping

Moore G, Devos KM, Wang Z, Gale MD (1995) Grasses, line up and form a circle. Current Biology 5: 737-739.

Van Deynze AE, Nelson JC, Yglesias ES, Harrington SE, Braga DP, McCouch SR, Sorrells ME (1995) Comparative mapping in grasses. Wheat relationships. Mol. Gen. Genet. 248: 744-754. These papers show the relationship between the wheat homoeologous group groups and the chromosomes of maize, rice and other cereal crops. This, together with the paper of Hohmann et al. provides a good linking together of the maps of barley, wheat, maize and rice.

Two papers, both involving collaboration with the STAFF Institute Rice Genome Programme in Tsukuba, Japan, show that the order of markers in rice and barley chromosomes is conserved when small chromosome regions are considered. This provides strong evidence that large insert libraries such as YACs or BACs from rice can be used for gene isolation from other cereal species.
Dunford RP, Kurata N, Laurie DA, Money TA, Minobe Y, Moore G (1995) Conservation of fine-scale DNA marker order in the genomes of rice and the Triticeae. Nuc. Acids Res 23: 2724-2728.
Kilian A, Kudrna DA, Kleinhofs A, Yano M, Kurata N, Steffenson B, Sasaki T (1995) Rice-barley synteny and its application to saturation mapping of the barley Rpg1 region. Nuc. Acids Res. 23: 2729-2733.

Major gene and QTL mapping

Backes G, Graner A, Foroughi-Wehr B, Fischbeck G, Wenzel G, Jahoor A (1995) Localization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for agronomic important characters by the use of a RFLP map in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 90: 294-302. Presents data on several traits from a population of 250 DH lines from an Igri x Danilo cross. Both are 2-rowed winter barleys.

Laurie DA, Pratchett N, Bezant JH, Snape JW (1995) RFLP mapping of five major genes and eight quantitative trait loci controlling flowering time in a winter x spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cross. This paper shows an RFLP map of an Igri x Triumph cross and the location of genes controlling flowering time (heading date). Interestingly, this study and that of Backes et al. detected QTL in similar regions of chromosome 1(7H). One was on the short arm in the region of markers Xmwg89 and Xmwg527 and one was in a distal location on the long arm.

Han F, Ullrich SE, Chirat S, Menteur S, Jestin L, Sarrafi A, Hayes PM, Jones BL, Blake TK, Wesenberg DM, Kleinhofs A, Kilian A (1995) Mapping of beta-glucan content and beta-glucanase activity loci in barley grain and malt. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91: 921-927. On chromosome 1, they detected QTL for malt beta-glucan and finished malt beta-glucanase with LOD score peaks in the regions of Brz and Amy2.

Thomas WTB, Powell W, Waugh R, Chalmers KJ, Barua UM, Jack P, Lea V, Forster BP, Swanston JS, Ellis RP, Hanson PR, Lance RCM (1995) Detection of quantitative trait loci for agronomic, yield, grain and disease characters in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 90: 1037-1047. Presents data on several traits of interest analyzed using doubled haploid lines from a Blenheim x E224/3 cross.

Penner GA, Stebbings JA, Legge B (1995) Conversion of an RFLP marker for the barley stem rust resistance gene Rpg1 to a specific PCR-amplifiable polymorphism. Molecular Breeding 1: 349-354. Describes further work on the Rpg1 region.

Apologies to anyone I have missed out.