Barley Genetics Newsletter Vol. 26
Page
135 . . . BGS 101; Absent lower laterals
136 . . . BGS 102; Uzu (semi-brachytic)
138 . . . BGS 104; Yellow streak 1
139 . . . BGS 105; Xantha seedling 3
140 . . . BGS 106; Albino seedling 6
141 . . . BGS 107; White streak 1
143 . . . BGS 108; Albino lemma
144 . . . BGS 109; Yellow streak 2
145 . . . BGS 111; Dense spike 10
146 . . . BGS 112; Albino seedling 9
147 . . . BGS 113; Xantha seedling 6
148 . . . BGS 114; Curly 2
149 . . . BGS 115; Non-brittle rachis 1
150 . . . BGS 116; Non-brittle rachis 2
151 . . . BGS 117; Chlorina seedling 2
153 . . . BGS 118; Low number of tillers 1
154 . . . BGS 119; Desynapsis 2
155 . . . BGS 120; Zebra stripe 1
156 . . . BGS 121; Reaction to Puccinia hordei 3 (barley leaf rust)
157 . . . BGS 122; Reaction to Puccinia hordei 5 (barley leaf rust)
158 . . . BGS 123; Reaction to barley yellow dwarf virus 2 (BYDV)
159 . . . BGS 124; Six-rowed spike 4
161 . . . BGS 125; Lazy dwarf
162 . . . BGS 126; Slender dwarf 1
163 . . . BGS 127; Pubescent leaf blade
164 . . . BGS 128; Short crooked awn
165 . . . BGS 129; White streak 6
166 . . . BGS 130; Early maturity 10
167 . . . BGS 131; Granum-a
168 . . . BGS 132; Breviaristatum-a
169 . . . BGS 133; Semidwarf 2
170 . . . BGS 134; Erectoides-c
172 . . . BGS 135; Erectoides-ii
173 . . . BGS 136; Reaction to Puccinia hordei 7 (barley leaf rust)
174 . . . BGS 137; Reaction to Puccinia hordei 10 (barley leaf rust)
175 . . . BGS 138; Necrotic leaf spot 4
176 . . . BGS 139; Necrotic leaf spot 5
177 . . . BGS 140; Xantha seedling 8

Stock number: BGS 101
 Locus name: Absent lower laterals
Locus symbol: als

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (1, 2, 3, 4), about 31.2 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (1), and about 39.7 cM proximal from the cur2 (curly 2) locus (2).
Description:
    Lateral spikelets at the base of the spike fail to develop or are partially developed. Tillers are large, coarse, and stiff, and only 1 or 2 tillers are produced in the six-rowed stock. The plant resembles the uniculm mutant (1). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line commonly produce 3 to 5 tillers.
Origin of mutant:
    A gamma-ray induced mutant in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (1).
Mutational events:
    als1.a in Montcalm (Alb Acc 281) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    als1.a in Montcalm (GSHO 1065); als1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1990).
References:
    1. Kasha, K.J., and G.W.R. Walker. 1960. Several recent barley mutants and their linkages. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.
    2. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    3. Shahla, A., and T. Tsuchiya. 1983. Telotrisomic analysis in Triplo 3S in barley. BGN 13:25.
    4. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:123.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:135.

Stock number: BGS 102
 Locus name: Uzu (semi-brachytic)
Locus symbol: uzu

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Normal vs uzu = h (10).
    Uzu = u (2).
    Uzu (semi-brachytic) = uz (9).
    Uzu 2 = uz2 (1, 11, 13).
    Uzu 3 = uz3 (1, 11, 13).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2, 5, 7, 9).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (3, 4, 9), about 17.6 cM proximal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (8).
Description:
    The uzu1.a gene has pleiotropic effects on the elongation of the coleoptile, leaf, culm, rachis internode, awn, glume, and kernel (6, 7, 9). These organs are often reduced in length and increased in width. Changes in organ length are temperature sensitive, but heading date and maturity are unaltered. The coleoptile of uzu plants shows a prominent projection or hook near the apex. Sometimes the coleoptile of the mutant shows a V-shaped notch on the side opposite from the projection. Thus, the apex of the coleoptile has two notches, one on each side (7, 11, 13). The temperature sensitive reduction in culm length of uzu1.a plants ranges from less than 15% in cool environments to over 75% in warm ones.
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in many cultivars of Japanese origin (6, 7).
Mutational events:
    uzu1.a in many Japanese cultivars (7, 11, 13).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    uzu1.a in Baitori 11 (OUJ371, PI 182624, GSHO 1300); uzu1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1963).
References:
    1. Leonard, W.H., H.O. Mann, and L. Powers. 1957. Partitioning method of genetic analysis applied to plant height inheritance in barley. Colorado Agric. Expt. St. Tech. Bull. 60:1-24.
    2. Miyake, K., and Y. Imai. 1922. [Genetic studies in barley. 1.] Bot. Mag., Tokyo 36:25-38. [In Japanese.]
    3. Singh, R.J., A. Shahla, and T. Tsuchiya. 1982. Telotrisomic analysis of three genes with newly obtained telotrisomic, Triplo 3S, in barley. BGN 12:42-44.
    4. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    5. So, M., S. Ogura, and Y. Imai. 1919. [A linkage group in barley.] J. Sci. Agric. Soc. Jpn. 208:1093-1117. [In Japanese.]
    6. Takahashi, R. 1942. Studies on the classification and the geographical distribution of the Japanese barley varieties. I. Significance of the bimodal curve of the coleoptile length. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 9:71-90.
    7. Takahashi, R. 1951. Studies on the classification and geographical distribution of the Japanese barley varieties. II. Correlative inheritance of some quantitative characters with the ear types. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 9:383-398.
    8. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1959. Linkage study of albino lemma character in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 11:132-140.
    9. Takahashi, R., and J. Yamamoto. 1951. Studies on the classification and geographical distribution of the Japanese barley varieties. III. On the linkage relation and the origin of the "uzu" or semi-brachytic character in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 9:399-410.
    10. Takezaki, Y. 1927. On the genetical formulae of the length of spikes and awns in barley, with reference to the computation of the valency of the heredity factors. Rep. Agric. Exp. Sta., Tokyo 46:1-42.
    11. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Genetics of uz, uz2 and uz3 for semi-brachytic mutations in barley. BGN 2:87-90.
    12. Tsuchiya, T. 1976. Allelism testing in barley. II. Allelic relationships of three uzu genes. Crop Sci. 16:496-499.
    13. Tsuchiya, T. 1981. Further results on the allelic relationships of three uzu genes in barley. J. Hered. 72:455-458.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:124.
    Revised:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1984. BGN 14:92.
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:136-137.

Stock number: BGS 104
 Locus name: Yellow streak 1
Locus symbol: yst1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Yellow stripe = ys (2).
    Yellow streak = yst (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (1, 2, 4), about 2.9 cM proximal from the zeb1 (zebra stripe 1) locus (1), and about 7.6 cM proximal from the uzu (uzu) locus (1).
Description:
    Longitudinal yellow stripes appear on seedling leaves and persist until the preripening stage. In some crosses and under certain environmental conditions, the most heavily striped F2 plants fail to reach maturity. There is no evidence for a cytoplasmic association in the inheritance patterns (2). Expression of the yst1.a allele in the Bowman backcross-derived line is reduced to very narrow streaks that occur infrequently.
Origin of mutant:
    A DDT induced mutant in Gateway (CIho 10072) (2).
Mutational events:
    yst1.a in Gateway (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    yst1.a in Gateway (GSHO 1140); yst1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1959).
References:
    1. Kasha, K.J., and C.R. Burnham. 1965. The location of interchange breakpoints in barley. I. Linkage studies and map orientation. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 7:62-77.
    2. Kasha, K.J., and G.W.R. Walker. 1960. Several recent barley mutants and their linkages. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.
    3. Robertson, D.W. 1971. Recent information of linkage and chromosome mapping. pp. 220-242. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.
    4. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:126.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:138.

Stock number: BGS 105
 Locus name: Xantha seedling 3
Locus symbol: xnt3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Xantha seedling c = xc (1).
    Viridis seedling-l = vir-l (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (5, 6), about 9.4 cM proximal from the abo9 (albino seedling 9) locus (2), about 14.4 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (5, 6), and about 3.7 cM proximal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (5).
Description:
    Seedlings have a yellow (picric yellow) to yellow-green color depending upon temperatures, but they can be grown to maturity under certain environmental conditions (1). The xnt3.c gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock.
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in Colsess (CIho 2792) (1).
Mutational events:
    xnt3.c in Colsess (Colsess IV) (1); vir-l.27 in Maja (PI 184884) (4, 7).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    xnt3.c in Colsess (GSHO 66).
References:
    1. Robertson, D.W. 1929. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 14:1-36.
    2. Robertson, D.W. 1937. Inheritance in barley. II. Genetics 22:443-451.
    3. Simpson, D.J., and D. von Wettstein. 1980. Macromolecular physiology of plastids. XIV. Viridis mutants in barley: genetics, fluoroscopic and ultrastructural characterisation. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 45:283-314.
    4. Simpson, D.J., and D. von Wettstein. 1992. Coordinator's report: Nuclear genes affecting the chloroplast. Stock list of mutants kept at the Carlsberg Laboratory. BGN 21:102-108.
    5. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1959. Linkage study of albino lemma character in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 11:132-140.
    6. Takahashi, R., and J. Yamamoto. 1951. Studies on the classification and geographical distribution of the Japanese barley varieties. III. On the linkage relation and the origin of the "uzu" or semi-brachytic character in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 9:399-410.
    7. Wettstein, D. von, and K. Kristiansen. 1982. Chloroplast genes: Progress report II on diallelic tests between mapped chloroplast genes and chloroplast genes in stock collection at Copenhagen. BGN 12:93-94.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:127.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:139.

Stock number: BGS 106
 Locus name: Albino seedling 6
Locus symbol: abo6

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    White seedling c = ac (2).
    Albino seedling c = ac (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (4), about 10.7 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (4), and about 2.4 cM from the msg5 (male sterile genetic 5) locus (1).
Description:
    Seedlings are white in color, devoid of normal pigments, and die about 10 days after emergence (2). Plants with this phenotype are classified as albino mutants (3). The abo6.f gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock.
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in Colsess (CIho 2792) (2).
Mutational events:
    abo6.f in Colsess [Colsess I, Colsess II, Colsess III (GSHO 63)] (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    abo6.f in Colsess (GSHO 30).
References:
    1. Rahman, M.M., and R.F. Eslick. 1975. Linkage of male sterile genes with seedling lethal genes. BGN 5:42-44.
    2. Robertson, D.W. 1929. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 14:1-36.
    3. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. A summary of linkage studies in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 33:47-64.
    4. Takahashi, R., and J. Yamamoto. 1951. Studies on the classification and geographical distribution of the Japanese barley varieties. III. On the linkage relation and the origin of the "uzu" or semi-brachytic character in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 9:399-410.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:128.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:140.

Stock number: BGS 107
 Locus name: White streak 1
Locus symbol: wst1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    White stripe = wst (3).
    Stripe = st (1, 4).
    White streak 3 = wst3 (6, 7, 8, 10, 11).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 4, 8).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (3, 5, 7, 12), very close to the uzu (uzu) locus (1, 6, 7, 11).
Description:
    Very narrow white stripes are present in the leaves from the seedling stage until near maturity. Plants have nearly normal vigor (3). The size of the white sectors is variable from mutant to mutant, plant to plant, and leaf to leaf. All affected plants may produce albino seedlings among their selfed progeny with reported frequencies between 1.0 and 25.6% (7, 9). Albino seedlings have not been observed when wst1 plants are used as the male parent in crosses (7, 9). Caldecott's streak has wider and larger white sectors and produces a higher frequency of albino seedlings (9).
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in an unknown cultivar (1, 6, 9); a radiation induced mutant (6, 7, 8, 9, 10).
Mutational events:
    wst1.a in an unknown cultivar (USDA 163, CIho 11767) (2); wst1.c (OUL074, GSHO 569) in Akashinriki (PI 467400, OUJ659) (7, 8, 9, 10); wst1.e in Himalaya (GSHO 278, Caldecott's streak) (8, 12); wst1.f (Grandpa fine stripe) in an unknown cultivar (CIho 6856, GSHO 854), wst1.g in CIho 6758 (GSHO 314) (8); wst1.h in CIho 11766 (GSHO 797) (2, 8); wst1.i in Moravian (PI 537135) (8).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    wst1.a in an unknown cultivar (GSHO 159); wst1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 1966); wst1.c plus uzu1.b in Bowman*8 (GSHO 1967).
References:
    1. Kasha, K.J., and G.W.R. Walker. 1960. Several recent barley mutants and their linkages. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.
    2. Robertson, D.W. 1967. Linkage studies of various barley mutations (Hordeum species). Crop Sci. 7:41-42.
    3. Robertson, D.W. 1971. Recent information of linkage and chromosome mapping. p. 220-242. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.
    4. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, R.G. Shands, and A. Hagberg. 1965. A summary of linkage studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement III, 1954-1963. Crop Sci. 5:33-43.
    5. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    6. Takahashi, R. 1972. Information of linkage and mapping of genes on chromosome 3. BGN 2:127-131.
    7. Takahashi, R., and I. Moriya. 1969. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. IV. Linkages of four variegated mutants. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 15:35-46.
    8. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Allelism testing of various mutations in barley. BGN 2:80-87.
    9. Tsuchiya, T. 1976. Variation in the diagnostic character expression in five white streaked mutants in barley. BGN 6:76-77.
    10. Tsuchiya, T., and T.E. Haus. 1973. Allelism testing in barley. I. Analysis of ten mapped genes. J. Hered. 64:282-284.
    11. Tsuchiya, T., and D.A. Jensen. 1973. Further results on the allelic relationship between wst and wst3. BGN 3:69-70.
    12. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 3:75-79.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:129.
    Revised:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:110.
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:141-142.

Stock number: BGS 108
 Locus name: Albino lemma
Locus symbol: alm

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Albino lemma = al (8).
    Eburatum = ebu-a (2).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (8).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (8), about 16.5 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).
Description:
    The lemma and palea are white in color and mostly devoid of chlorophyll, but they terminate into green tips with green awns. The basal part of lower leaf sheaths and stem nodes are devoid of chlorophyll. Ligules and joints between the leaf sheath and blade are white in color (8, 9). Plant vigor is reduced slightly and maturity is delayed in the Bowman backcross-derived line.
Origin of mutant:
    Spontaneous occurrence in an unknown cultivar (Russia 82) (OUU086, NSL 43389) (8).
Mutational events:
    alm1.a in Russia 82 (8); alm1.b in Liberty (CIho 9549) (1); alm1.c (Mut 966/61) in Proctor (PI 280420) (3); ebu-a.2, -a.3 in Foma (CIho 11333) (2, 9); ebu-a.4, -a.5 in Foma (5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    alm1.a in Russia 82 (GSHO 270); alm1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1953).
References:
    1. Eslick, R.F., W.L. McProud. 1974. Positioning of the male sterile 5 (msg5) on chromosome 3. BGN 4:16-23.
    2. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv. Hereditas 62:409-414.
    3. Häuser, H., and G. Fischbeck. 1972. Translocations and genetic analysis of other mutants. BGN 2:28-29.
    4. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    5. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
    6. Moriya, I., and R. Takahashi. 1980. Linkage studies of three barley mutants. BGN 10:47-51.
    7. Nonaka, S. 1973. A new type of cultivar, Mitake, with very few in number, but thick and stiff culms. BGN 3:45-47.
    8. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1959. Linkage study of albino lemma character in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 11:132-140.
    9. Tsuchiya, T. 1973. Allelism testing between established marker stocks and Swedish mutants. BGN 3:67-68.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:130.
    Revised:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:111.
    J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:143.

Stock number: BGS 109
 Locus name: Yellow streak 2
Locus symbol: yst2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (1, 2, 3), about 0.9 cM distal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (2).
Description:
    When grown at low temperatures, seedlings develop numerous wide yellow streaks in the seedling leaves. Exposure to 3 C for two weeks after sowing induces distinct streaks in the first and second leaves. As temperatures rise, newly developed leaves have only very fine yellow streaks (2). These streaks persist until the plant nears maturity. As plants develop, they have a yellow-green color, show delayed maturation, and have low seed yields.
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in the F5 generation of the cross Kuromugi 148 (OUJ646)/ Mensury C (OUJ732) (2).
Mutational events:
    yst2.b in Kuromugi 148/Mensury C (OUJ073) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    yst2.b in Kuromugi 148/Mensury C (GSHO 570); yst2.b in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1952).
References:
    1. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    2. Takahashi, R., and I. Moriya. 1969. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. IV. Linkages of four variegated mutants. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 15:35-46.
    3. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 3:75-78.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:131.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:144.

Stock number: BGS 111
 Locus name: Dense spike 10
Locus symbol: dsp10

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Dense spike c = lc (3, 5).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 5).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (1, 2, 5), about 1.3 cM distal from the xnt3 (xantha seedling 3) locus (4, 5).
Description:
    Although rachis internode length or spike density is not a highly stable character, plants with relatively dense spikes can be selected from crosses to Club Mariout. Rachis internode length values of 2.8 to 3.4 mm, 2.9 to 3.6 mm, and 2.6 to 2.8 mm are recorded for Club Mariout in one experiment (5).
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in Club Mariout (CIho 261) (1, 5) and other cultivars (6).
Mutational events:
    dsp10.c in Club Mariout (1, 5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    dsp10.c in Club Mariout (GSHO 71); dsp10.c in Bowman (PI 483237)*3 (GSHO 1956).
References:
    1. Dyck, P.L., and C.W. Schaller. 1961. Association of two genes for scald resistance with a specific barley chromosome. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 3:165-169.
    2. Ramage, R.T., C.R. Burnham, and A. Hagberg. 1961. A summary of translocation studies in barley. Crop Sci. 1:277-279.
    3. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1955. A summary of linkage studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement II, 1947-1953. Agron. J. 47:418-425.
    4. Schaller, C.W., C.O. Qualset, and J.N. Rutger. 1964. Inheritance and linkage of the Yd2 gene conditioning resistance to the barley yellow dwarf virus disease in barley. Crop Sci. 4:544-548.
    5. Webster, O.J. 1950. Genetic and morphologic studies of rachis internode length in barley. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul.
    6. Wiebe, G.A., and D.A. Reid. 1961. Classification of barley varieties grown in the United States and Canada in 1958. U. S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 1224. 234 p.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:133.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:145.

Stock number: BGS 112
 Locus name: Albino seedling 9
Locus symbol: abo9

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    White seedling n = an (2).
    Albino seedling n = an (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (1, 2), about 9.4 cM distal from the xnt3 (xantha seedling 3) locus (2), about 15.5 cM proximal from the xnt6 (xantha seedling 6) locus (2), and about 9.9 cM distal from the yst1 (yellow streak 1) locus (1).
Description:
    Seedlings are white in color and devoid of normal pigments (2). Plants with this phenotype are classified as albino mutants (3). The abo9.i gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock.
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in Hordeum distichum var nigrinudum (2).
Mutational events:
    abo9.i in Nigrinudum (Nigrinudum I) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    abo9.i in Nigrinudum (GSHO 348).
References:
    1. Kasha, K., and C.R. Burnham. 1965. The location of interchange breakpoints in barley. I. Linkage studies and map orientation. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 7:62-77.
    2. Robertson, D.W. 1937. Maternal inheritance in barley. Genetics 22:104-113.
    3. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. A summary of linkage studies in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 33:47-64.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:134.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:146.

Stock number: BGS 113
Locus name Xantha seedling 6
Locus symbol: xnt6

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (2), over 15.5 cM distal from the abo9 (albino seedling 9) locus (2), over 15.3 cM distal from the msg5 (male sterile genetic 5) locus (1), and over 22.0 cM distal from the wst1 (white streak 1) locus (3).
Description:
    Seedlings have a bright yellow (citron green) to yellow-green color and do not survive beyond the seedling stage (2). The xnt6.f gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock.
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in Smyrna (2).
Mutational events:
    xnt6.f (xs) in Smyrna (Smyrna I) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    xnt6.f in Smyrna (GSHO 117).
References:
    1. Rahman, M.M., and R.F. Eslick. 1975. Linkage of male sterile genes with seedling lethal genes. BGN 5:42-44.
    2. Robertson, D.W. 1937. Inheritance in barley. II. Genetics 22:443-451.
    3. Robertson, D.W. 1967. Linkage studies of various barley mutations (Hordeum species). Crop Sci. 7:41-42.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:135.
    Revised:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:112.
    J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. BGN 26:147.

Stock number: BGS 114
 Locus name: Curly 2
Locus symbol: cur2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Deformed plant, Bikini (2, 4).
    Curly 2 = cu2 (6).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (6, 7).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (5, 6, 10), over 36.8 cM distal from the als (absent lower laterals) locus (3, 6, 7) and about 7.7 cM proximal from the fch2 (chlorina seedling 2) locus (11).
Description:
    The awn, lemma, and palea are extremely curly, the rachis is twisted slightly in most spikes, and the stem internodes are strongly curved. Leaves are short and severely twisted (3, 6). Roots are extremely curled compared to the straight roots of normal sister plants (9).
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in Choshiro (OUJ451, CIho 190266) (3, 7).
Mutational events:
    cur2.b in Choshiro (OUL006) (3, 6); cur2.c (dwarf 2) in an unknown cultivar (8); cur2.d (deformed plant, Bikini) in Bonus (PI 189763) (2, 4, 8); cur2.g (GSHO 1706) in Carina (PI 371632) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    cur2.b in Choshiro-hen (GSHO 274); cur2.b in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 1991); cur2.g in Bowman*5 (GSHO 1992).
References:
    1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Allelism test among selected semidwarf barleys. BGN 21:17-23.
    2. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv. Hereditas 62:409-414.
    3. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    4. Nybom, N. 1954. Mutation types in barley. Acta Agric. Scand 4:430-456.
    5. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    6. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1966. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. II. Assignment of several new mutant genes to their respective linkage groups by the trisomic method of analysis. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 13:185-198.
    7. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1974. New linkage data obtained during 1972-73 season. BGN 4:74-76.
    8. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Further results of allelism testing in barley. BGN 4:82-85.
    9. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Root character of curly mutants in barley. BGN 4:88-90.
    10. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 3:75-78.
    11. Yano, Y., K. Abe, and T. Konishi. 1991. Linkage analysis of the chlorina mutant gene (f2) in barley. BGN 20:68-71.
    Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:136.
    Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak, T. Konishi, and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:148.

Stock number: BGS 115
 Locus name: Non-brittle rachis 1
Locus symbol: btr1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Non-brittle rachis = r (7).
    Non-brittle rachis = b (2).
    Non-brittle rachis 1 = bt1 (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive in crosses to Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum (2, 3 7).
    Located in chromosome 3HS, very close or semi-allelic to the btr2 (non-brittle rachis 2) locus (5, 6); the Btr1Btr2 complex is about 15.4 cM distal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (6).
Description:
    Joints at the rachis nodes are tough or non-brittle, which prevents segmentation or disarticulation of the rachis prior to maturity. Plants homozygous for the btr1.a allele do not shatter prior to harvest in contrast to wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum). All cultivars with the btr1.a allele have a dominant allele at the Btr2 locus. When crossed to cultivars with the btr2.b allele at the Btr2 locus (genotype Btr1Btr1btr2btr2), F1 plants have a brittle rachis. The segregation ratio in the F2 generation is 1 brittle : 1 tough rachis (5). The majority of the cultivars distributed in Occidental region of the Old World have the btr1.a allele (4, 6).
Origin of mutant:
    Probably a spontaneous mutant in Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum.
Mutational events:
    btr1.a in an unknown race of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum (3, 6); the line A222 (CIho 11555) is recommended as the source line for the btr1.a gene.
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    btr1.a in A 222 (GSHO 1233); Btr1Btr2 from R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock in Bowman (PI 483237)*10 (GSHO 1937).
References:
    1. Johnson, I.J., and E. Åberg. 1943. Inheritance of brittle rachis in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 35:100-106.
    2. Schieman, E. 1921. Genetische Studien an Gerste. I. Zur Frage der Brüchigkeit an Gerste. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 26:109-143.
    3. Takahashi, R. 1955. The origin and evolution of cultivated barley. p. 227-266. In M. Demerec (ed.) Advances in Genetics, Vol. 7. Academic Press, New York.
    4. Takahashi, R. 1964. Further studies on the phylogenetic differentiation of cultivated barley. p. 19-26. In S. Broekhuizen, G. Dantuma, H. Lamberts, and W. Lange (eds.) Barley Genetics I. Proc. First Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Wageningen, 1963. Centre for Agricultural Publications and Documentation, Wageningen.
    5. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1959. Linkage study of the complementary genes for brittle rachis in barley. Preliminary note. Nogaku Kenkyu 46:113-119. [In Japanese with English summary.]
    6. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1964. Linkage study of two complementary genes for brittle rachis in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 12:99-105.
    7. Ubisch, G. von. 1915. Analyse eines Falles von Bastardatavismus und Faktorenkoppelung bei Gerste. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 14:226-237.
Prepared:
    R. Takahashi. 1972. BGN 2:181.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:149.

Stock number: BGS 116
 Locus name: Non-brittle rachis 2
Locus symbol: btr2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Non-brittle rachis = r (7).
    Non-brittle rachis = b (2).
    Non-brittle rachis 2 = bt2 (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive in crosses to Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum (2, 3, 7).
    Located in chromosome 3HS, very close or semi-allelic to the btr1 (non-brittle rachis 1) locus (5, 6); the Btr1Btr2 complex is about 15.4 cM distal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (6).
Description:
    Joints at the rachis nodes are tough or non-brittle, which prevents segmentation or disarticulation of the rachis prior to maturity. Plants homozygous for the btr2.b allele do not shatter prior to harvest in contrast to wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum). All cultivars with the btr2.b allele have a dominant allele at the Btr1 locus. When crossed to cultivars with the btr1.a allele at the Btr1 locus (genotype btr1btr1Btr2Btr2), F1 plants have a brittle rachis. The segregation ratio in the F2 generation is 1 brittle : 1 tough rachis (5). The majority of the cultivars (mostly six-rowed) distributed in Oriental region of the Old World have the btr2.b allele (4, 6).
Origin of mutant:
    Probably a spontaneous mutant in Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum.
Mutational events:
    btr2.b in an unknown race of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum (3, 6).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    btr2.b in Sakigoke (OUJ349, GSHO 842); btr2.b in Bowman (PI 483237); Btr1Btr2 from R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock (GSHO 1565) in Bowman*10 (GSHO 1937).
References:
    1. Johnson, I.J., and E. Åberg. 1943. Inheritance of brittle rachis in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 35:100-106.
    2. Schieman, E. 1921. Genetische Studien an Gerste. I. Zur Frage der Brüchigkeit an Gerste. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 26:109-143.
    3. Takahashi, R. 1955. The origin and evolution of cultivated barley. p. 227-266. In M. Demerec (ed.) Advances in Genetics, Vol. 7. Academic Press, New York.
    4. Takahashi, R. 1964. Further studies on the phylogenetic differentiation of cultivated barley. p. 19-26. In S. Broekhuizen, G. Dantuma, H. Lamberts, and W. Lange (eds.) Barley Genetics I. Proc. First Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Wageningen, 1963. Centre for Agricultural Publications and Documentation, Wageningen.
    5. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1959. Linkage study of the complementary genes for brittle rachis in barley. Preliminary note. Nogaku Kenkyu 46:113-119. [In Japanese with English summary.]
    6. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1964. Linkage study of two complementary genes for brittle rachis in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 12:99-105.
    7. Ubisch, G. von. 1915. Analyse eines Falles von Bastardatavismus und Faktorenkoppelung bei Gerste. Z. Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 14:226-237.
Prepared:
    R. Takahashi. 1972. BGN 2:182.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1996. BGN 26:150.

Stock number: BGS 117
 Locus name: Chlorina seedling 2
Locus symbol: fch2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Chlorina seedling 2 = f2 (9).
    Light green 5 = lg5 (8).
    Chlorina seedling f2 = clo-f2 (5).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 9).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (7, 9, 10, 11), about 7.7 cM distal from the cur2 (curly 2) locus (12).
Description:
    Seedlings have a pale yellow-green color, which persists until near maturity under greenhouse or field conditions. Development of homozygotes is delayed, but the stunted plants survive to produce seed (1). A complete absence or greatly reduced levels of chlorophyll b were found in mutant plants (1, 2, 5). The respiratory and photosynthetic rates of detached leaves and intact plants are not significantly different from those of normal plants. However, the growth rate of mutant plants decreases after the endosperm is depleted (2). An absence of chlorophyll b-binding proteins in the photosynthetic membranes is found in fch2 mutants (3, 4).
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in progeny from the cross Moister (CIho 2799) X California Coast (CIho 6115) (1).
Mutational events:
    fch2.c in 28-3398 Chlorina (1, 7); fch2.y (lg5, GSHO 294) in CIho 6151 (8); clo-f2.2800, -f2.2807, -f2.3613 in Donaria (PI 209784), -f2.101, -f2.102, -f2.103, -f2.105, -f2.107, -f2.108, -f2.109 in Tron, -f2.122, -f2.123, -f2.133 in Bonus (PI 189763) (5, 6).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    fch2.c in 28-3398 (GSHO 107); fch2.c in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1993).
References:
    1. Highkin, H.R. 1950. Chlorophyll studies on barley mutants. Plant Physiol. 25:294-306.
    2. Highkin, H.R., and A.W. Frenkel. 1962. Studies of growth and metabolism of a barley mutant lacking chlorophyll b. Plant Physiol. 37:814-820.
    3. Machold, O., A. Meister, H. Sagromsky, G. Høyer-Hansen, and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Composition of photosynthetic membranes of wild-type barley and chlorophyll b-less mutants. Photosynthetica 11:200-206.
    4. Machold, O., D.J. Simpson, and B.L. Møller. 1979. Chlorophyll-proteins of thylakoids from wild and mutant barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Carlsberg Res. Commun. 44:235-254.
    5. Simpson, D.J., O. Machold, G. Høyer-Hansen, and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Chlorina mutants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Carlsberg Res. Commun. 50:223-238.
    6. Simpson, D.J., and D. von Wettstein. 1992. Coordinator's report: Nuclear genes affecting the chloroplast. Stock list of mutants kept at Carlsberg Laboratory. BGN 21:102-108.
    7. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    8. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, T. Konishi, and I. Moriya. 1975. Linkage analysis of barley mutants. BGN 5:56-60.
    9. Tsuchiya, T., and D.W. Robertson. 1971. Association of a chlorina mutant with chromosome 3. BGN 1:64-65.
    10. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1982. Chromosome mapping in barley by means of telotrisomic analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 61:201-208.
    11. Tsuchiya, T., R.J. Singh, A. Shahla, and A. Hang. 1984. Acrotrisomic analysis in linkage mapping in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 68:433-439.
    12. Yano, Y., K. Abe, and T. Konishi. 1991. Linkage analysis of the chlorina mutant gene (f2) in barley. BGN 20:68-71.
Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1972. BGN 2:183.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:151-152.

Stock number: BGS 118
 Locus name: Low number of tillers 1
Locus symbol: lnt1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Reduced number of tillers = rnt (3).
    Intermedium spike-l = int-l (2).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (3).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (3), about 30.5 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (3, 4).
Description:
    The tiller number is reduced to 2 to 4 per plant. These tillers are formed soon after seedling emergence; hence, no late-emerging tillers are observed. Culms are thick and stiff and leaves are dark green (3). Spike malformations occur in most environments. The spike may have irregular rachis internode lengths and is relatively short. The lower portion of the spike appears more dense. Lateral spikelets in two-rowed cultivars are enlarged and have a pointed apex. Plants homozygous for a recessive allele at the lnt1 locus head slightly earlier than normal sibs (2).
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in the hybrid Chikurin Ibaragi 2/Miho Hadaka (3).
Mutational events:
    lnt1.a in Mitake (OUJ408) (3); int-l.81 in Bonus (PI 189763) (1, 2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    lnt1.a in Mitake (GSHO 833); int-l.81 in Bonus (GSHO 1771); lnt1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1984); int-l.81 in Bowman*6 (GSHO 1961).
References:
    1. Franckowiak (unpublished).
    2. Lundqvist, U., and A. Lundqvist. 1988. Induced intermedium mutants in barley: origin, morphology and inheritance. Hereditas 108:13-26.
    3. Nonaka, S. 1973. A new type of cultivar, Mitake, with very few in number, but thick and stiff culms. BGN 3:45-47.
    4. Nonaka, S. 1974. Further information of the rnt locus on chromosome 3. BGN 4:56-58.
Prepared:
    S. Nonaka. 1973. BGN 3:120.
Revised:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:113.
    J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:153

Stock number: BGS 119
 Locus name: Desynapsis 2
Locus symbol: des2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Desynaptic chromosomes = ds (1, 2).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
    Located in chromosome 3H (1, 2).
Description:
    Synapsed homologous chromosomes disjoin precociously because of an apparent lack of chiasmata (1). The chromosomes are paired during pachytene and undergo desynapsis during diplotene. The degree of desynapsis is d = 6.0 +/- 3.3 with a range from 7 ring bivalents (d = 0) to 2 rod bivalents plus 10 univalents (d = 12). Lagging chromosomes and micronuclei are observed frequently at telophase I. Microspore tetrads contain an average of 1.8 micronuclei per tetrad and a range of 0 to 7. Ovule fertility is about 1% and highly variable from spike to spike on the same plant (3). The very low fertility trait occurs infrequently in the F2 progeny from the cross to Bowman, but nearly 1/4 the plants show reduced seed set (about 60%).
Origin of mutant:
    An X-ray induced mutant in Husky (CIho 9537) (1).
Mutational events:
    des2.b in Husky (1, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    des2.b in Husky (GSHO 593).
References:
    1. Enns, H., and E.N. Larter. 1960. Note on the inheritance of ds; a gene governing meiotic chromosome behaviour in barley. Can. J. Plant Sci. 40:570-571.
    2. Enns, H., and E.N. Larter. 1962. Linkage relations of ds: A gene governing chromosome behaviour in barley. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 4:263-266.
    3. Hernandez-Soriano, J.M. 1973. Desynaptic mutants in Betzes barley. M.S. Thesis. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson.
    4. Ramage, R.T., and J.M. Hernandez-Soriano. 1972. Desynaptic genes in barley. BGN 2:65-68.
Prepared:
    J.M. Hernandez-Soriano, R.T. Ramage, and R.F. Eslick. 1973. BGN 3:125.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:154.

Stock number: BGS 120
 Locus name: Zebra stripe 1
Locus symbol: zeb1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Zebra stripe = zb (1, 4).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (1, 3, 4), about 7.0 cM proximal from the uzu (uzu) locus (2).
Description:
    Seedlings may have pale green to yellow bands across the leaves when germinated under cold conditions in the field (1). Cold room studies show that development of the mutant phenotype in seedlings can be induced by 10 to 15 days of cold treatment ( 0 to 1 C) if initiated within one day after wetting of the seed (5). Alternating cold and warm temperatures in the field induce diagnostic symptoms (5).
Origin of mutant:
    A radiation induced mutant in Mars (CIho 7015) (1).
Mutational events:
    zeb1.a in Mars (C3-1) (2, 3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    zeb1.a in Mars (GSHO 1279); zeb1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*3 (GSHO 1964).
References:
    1. Burnham, C.R. 1958. New linkages found. Barley Newsl. 1:44-47.
    2. Kasha, K.J., and C.R. Burnham. 1965. The location of interchange breakpoints in barley. I. Linkage studies and map orientation. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 7:62-77.
    3. Kasha, K.J., and G.W.R. Walker. 1960. Several recent barley mutants and their linkages. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.
    4. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
    5. Tsuchiya T., and R.J. Singh. 1974. Identification of zebra (zb) stripe character at early seedling stage. BGN 4:96-97.
Prepared:
    T. Tsuchiya. 1975. BGN 5:100.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:155.

Stock number: BGS 121
 Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 3 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Resistance to Puccinia anomala Rostr = Pa1 (2).
    Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth 3 = Pa3 (6).
    Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth 3 = Rph3c (7).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial dominant (7, 9).
    Located in chromosome 7HL [1L] (3, 8), about 9.7 cM distal from the Xnt1 (xantha seedling 1) locus (3), but linkage to the lks2 (short awn 2) locus is not observed (3).
Description:
    The seedling reaction type is 0 - 0;c with race 4 culture 57-19, and complete dominance is observed in segregating progenies (6).
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in Estate (CIho 3410) (2, 6).
Mutational events:
    Rph3.c in Estate (2, 6); Rph3.c in Aim (CIho 3737) (5); Rph3.c in Santizo (PI 39505), Baladi 16 (PI 263160), Beecher (PI 263161), and PI 531990 (4); Rph3.w in accession PI 466324 of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    Rph3.c in Estate (GSHO 1316); Rph3.c in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1863).
References:
    1. Chicaiza, O., J.D. Franckowiak, and B.J. Steffenson. 1996. New sources of resistance to leaf rust in barley. p. 706-708. In A.E. Slinkard, G.J. Scoles, and B.G. Rossnagel (eds.) Proc. Fifth Int. Oat Conf. & Seventh Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Saskatoon. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
    2. Henderson, M.T. 1945. Studies of the sources of resistance and inheritance of reaction to leaf rust, Puccinia anomala Rostr., in barley. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul.
    3. Jin, Y., G.D. Statler, J.D. Franckowiak, and B.J. Steffenson. 1993. Linkage between leaf rust resistance genes and morphological markers in barley. Phytopathology 83:230-233.
    4. Jin, Y., and B.J. Steffenson. 1994. Inheritance of resistance to Puccinia hordei in cultivated and wild barley. J. Hered. 85:451-454.
    5. Moseman, J.G., and C.W. Roane. 1959. Physiologic races of barley leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) isolated in the United States from 1956 to 1958. Plant Dis. Rep. 43:1000-1003.
    6. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1967. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in barley. II. Gene symbols for loci in differential cultivars. Phytopathology 57:66-68.
    7. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1970. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in barley. III. Genes in the cultivars Cebada Capa and Franger. Phytopathology 60:788-790.
    8. Tan, B.H. 1978. Verifying the genetic relationships between three leaf rust resistance genes in barley. Euphytica 27:317-323.
    9. Tuleen, N.A., and M.E. McDonald. 1971. Location of genes Pa and Pa5. Barley Newsl. 15:106-107.
Prepared:
    C.W. Roane. 1976. BGN 6:121.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1997. BGN 26:156.

Stock number: BGS 122
 Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 5 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph5

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth 5 = Pa5 (4, 5).
    Resistance to Puccinia hordei B = B (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial incomplete dominant (2, 4).
    Located in chromosome 5H [7], about 30.5 cM from the Rph2 (reaction to Puccinia hordei 2) locus (1, 2).
Description:
    The seedling reaction type is 0 - 0;c with race 4 culture 57-19 (2). Incomplete dominance is observed in segregating progenies (2, 3, 4).
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in Quinn (CIho 1024) (4, 7).
Mutational events:
    Rph5.e in Quinn along with Rph2.q (3, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    Rph5.e in Malteria Heda*4 (Magnif 102, PI 337140, GSHO 1597) (7); Rph5.e in Bowman (PI 483237)*4 (GSHO 1865).
References:
    1. Borovkova, I.G., Y. Jin, B.J. Steffenson, A. Kilian, T.K. Blake, and A. Kleinhofs. 1997. Identification and mapping of a leaf rust resistance gene in the barley line Q21861. Genome (in press).
    2. Jin, Y., G.H. Cui, B.J. Steffenson, and J.D. Franckowiak. 1996. New leaf rust resistance genes in barley and their allelic and linkage relationships with other Rph genes. Phytopathology 86:887-890.
    3. Roane, C.W. 1962. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in barley. I. Genes for resistance among North American race differentiating varieties. Phytopathology 52:1288-1295.
    4. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1967. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in barley. II. Gene symbols for loci in differential cultivars. Phytopathology 57:66-68.
    5. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1970. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in barley. III. Genes in the cultivars Cebada Capa and Franger. Phytopathology 60:788-790.
    6. Starling, T.M. 1956. Sources, inheritance, and linkage relationships of resistance to race 4 of leaf rust (Puccinia hordei Otth), race 9 of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis hordei El. Marchal), and certain agronomic characters in barley. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 30:438-439.
    7. Yahyaoui, A.H., and E.L. Sharp. 1987. Virulence spectrum of Puccinia hordei in North Africa and the Middle East. Plant Dis. 71:597-598.
Prepared:
    C.W. Roane. 1976. BGN 6:122.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1997. BGN 26:157.

Stock number: BGS 123
 Locus name: Reaction to barley yellow dwarf virus 2 (BYDV)
Locus symbol: Ryd2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Resistance to BYDV 2 = Yd2 (2, 4).
    Resistance to BYDV 2 = Ryd2 (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial incomplete dominant (2, 4).
    Located in chromosome 3HL, about 15.9 cM proximal from the dsp10 (dense spike 10) locus (5).
Description:
    An intermediate reaction to BYDV that limits expression of dwarfing and yellow discoloration of leaves (3, 4). Plants with the Ryd2.b gene show less yield and seed size reduction when infected with BYDV and under drought and heat stress.
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in CIho 1227, CIho 1237, CIho 2376, and CIho 14119 (four accessions from Ethiopia) (4, 5).
Mutational events:
    Ryd2.b in CIho 1227, CIho 1237, CIho 2376, and CIho 14119 (3, 5); Ryd2.c in Chikurin Ibaraki 1 (CIho 7370, GSHO 783) (susceptible to isolate 2t) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    Ryd2.b in Abyssinian (CIho 2376, GSHO 1315); Ryd2.b from CIho 2376 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1969); Ryd2.b from CIho 2376 in Glenn (CIho 15769)*8 (GSHO 2370).
References:
    1. Chalhoub, B.A., A. Sarafi, and H.D. Lapierre. 1995. Partial resistance in the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar 'Chikurin Ibaraki 1' to two PAV-like isolates of barley yellow-dwarf virus: allele variability at the Yd2 gene locus. Plant Breed. 114:303-307.
    2. Damsteegt, V.D., and G.W. Bruehel. 1964. Inheritance of resistance in barley to barley yellow dwarf. Phytopathology 54:219-224.
    3. Moseman, J.R. 1972. Report on genes for resistance to pests. BGN 2:145-147.
    4. Rasmusson, D.C., and C.W. Schaller. 1959. The inheritance of resistance in barley to the yellow-dwarf virus. Agron. J. 51:661-664.
    5. Schaller, C.W., C.O. Qualset, and J.N. Rutger. 1964. Inheritance and linkage of the Yd2 gene conditioning resistance to the barley yellow dwarf virus disease in barley. Crop Sci. 4:544-548.
Prepared:
    C.W. Schaller. 1976. BGN 6:123.
Revised:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:158.

Stock number: BGS 124
 Locus name: Six-rowed spike 4
Locus symbol: vrs4

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Multiflorus = mul (6, 14).
    Intermedium spike-e = int-e (4, 8).
    Six-rowed spike 4 = v4 (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 3, 5).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (3, 11, 12, 13), about 27.5 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (3).
Description:
    Alleles at this locus enhance the development of lateral spikelets and formation of additional spikelets to various degrees. The int-e mutants, which were isolated in two-rowed cultivars, have enlarged lateral spikelets that may set seed in the upper two-thirds of the spike. Kernels in lateral spikelets are smaller than those from central spikelets in int-e mutants. The rachilla may be deformed by partial formation of an extra spikelet. The awn size on lateral spikelets range from a pointed apex to 3/4 normal length (9). The mul1.a and vrs4.k alleles, which were isolated in six-rowed cultivars, may produce numerous extra spikelets at the base of the lateral spikelets and on the rachilla (2, 6). Phenotypic differences among alleles are retained in the Bowman backcross-derived lines.
Origin of mutant:
    A gamma-ray induced mutant in MFB 104 (3).
Mutational events:
    mul1.a (Alb Acc 321, GSHO 561) in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (6, 14); vrs4.k (Gamma III 3B, MFB-2) in MFB 104 (PI 232921), vrs4.l (Xc 41.5, Piro-2) in Piroline (PI 262210) (3); vrs4.m (X17 2497, Piro-7) in Piroline (2, 3); int-e.4 (trans) in Bonus (PI 189763), -e.20 (trans), -e.23, -e.26 in Foma (CIho 11333), -e.58, -e.66 in Kristina, -e.65 in Bonus (8); int-e.72, -e.87 in Bonus, -e.89, -e.90, -e.91, -e.92, -e.101 in Hege (7).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    vrs4.k in Gamma III 3B (GSHO 775); int-e.58 in Kristina (GSHO 1776); mul1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 1985); vrs4.k in Bowman*6 (GSHO 1986); int-e.58 in Bowman*6 (GSHO 1987).
References:
    1. Fukuyama, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1972. A test for allelism of 32 induced six-rowed mutants. BGN 2:25-27.
    2. Fukuyama, T., J. Hayashi, and R. Takahashi. 1975. Genetic and linkage studies of the five types of induced 'six-row' mutants. BGN 5:12-13.
    3. Fukuyama, T., R. Takahashi, and J. Hayashi. 1982. Genetic studies on the induced six-rowed mutants in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:99-113.
    4. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv. Hereditas 62:409-414.
    5. Gustafsson, Å., and U. Lundqvist. 1980. Hexastichon and intermedium mutants in barley. Hereditas 92:229-236.

    6. Kasha, K.J., and G.W.R. Walker. 1960. Several recent barley mutants and their linkages. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.
    7. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
    8. Lundqvist, U. 1991. Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes. BGN 20:85-86.
    9. Lundqvist, U., and A. Lundqvist. 1988. Induced intermedium mutants in barley: origin, morphology and inheritance. Hereditas 108:13-26.
    10. Nötzel, H. 1952. Genetische Untersuchungen an röntgeninduzierten Gerstenmutanten. Kühn-Archiv 66:72-132.
    11. Nybom, N. 1954. Mutation types in barley. Acta Agric. Scand. 4:430-456.
    12. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.
    13. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1982. Identification and designation of telocentric chromosomes in barley by means of Giemsa N-banding technique. Theor. Appl. Genet. 64:13-24.
    14. Walker, G.W., K. Kasha, and R.A. Miller. 1958. Recombination studies in barley. Proc. Genet. Soc. Can. 3:41-43.
Prepared:
    U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:159-160.

Stock number: BGS 125
 Locus name: Lazy dwarf
Locus symbol: lzd

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Dwarf 4 = dw4 (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2, 4).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (3, 4), over 16.3 cM distal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (3, 4).
Description:
    Plants have a very procumbent growth habit prior to the boot stage. Plants are 3/4 normal height, maturity is delayed, and seedlings are very responsive to gibberellic acid (2, 4). In the Bowman backcross-derived line, leaves are wider and shorter than in the recurrent parent.
Origin of mutant:
    An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400) (1).
Mutational events:
    lzd1.a in Akashinriki (OUM005) (2, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    lzd1.a in Akashinriki (GSHO 1787); lzd1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1938).
References:
    1. Konishi, T. 1970. Studies on EMS-induced mutation in barley III. Nogaku Kenkyu 53:141-152.
    2. Konishi, T. 1975. Characteristics and inheritance of EMS-induced mutants in barley. Nogaku Kenkyu 55:53-56.
    3. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    4. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, T. Konishi, and I. Moriya. 1975. Linkage analysis of barley mutants. BGN 5:56-60.
Prepared:
    T. Konishi and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:161.

Stock number: BGS 126
 Locus name: Slender dwarf 1
Locus symbol: sld1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Dwarf 1 = dw1 (2).
    Light green dwarf = dw-1 (5).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (3, 6).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (4, 5, 6), over 6.3 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (4, 6), and about 20.5 cM distal from the uzu locus (5).
Description:
    Plant height is reduced to about 1/2 to 2/3 of normal, plant development is delayed, and plants are slightly yellow green in color (2, 5). The normal distribution of leaves is altered because the peduncle is relatively long in proportion to the other internodes. Plants homozygous for the sld1.c allele are slightly weaker and shorter than sld1.a plants in their respective Bowman backcross-derived lines.
Origin of mutant:
    An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400) (2).
Mutational events:
    sld1.a in Akashinriki (OUM148) (2, 4); sld1.c (862PK, GSHO 2489) in Plena (PI 321822) (1, 5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    sld1.a in Akashinriki (GSHO 2488); sld1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1970); sld1.c in Bowman*7 (GSHO 1972).
References:
    1. Franckowiak, J.D. (unpublished).
    2. Konishi, T. 1970. Studies on EMS-induced mutation in barley III. Nogaku Kenkyu 53:141-152.
    3. Konishi, T. 1975. Characteristics and inheritance of EMS-induced mutants in barley. Nogaku Kenkyu 55:53-56.
    4. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    5. Szarejko, I., and M. Maluszynski. 1984. Two new dwarfism genes on barley chromosome 3. BGN 14:35-38.
    6. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, T. Konishi, and I. Moriya. 1975. Linkage analysis of barley mutants. BGN 5:56-60.
Prepared:
    T. Konishi and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:162.

Stock number: BGS 127
 Locus name: Pubescent leaf blade
Locus symbol: Pub

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial dominant (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (1).
Description:
    Both the upper and lower surface of the leaf blade have widely scattered, short (1 to 2 mm) hairs. The hairs tend to be aligned along the smaller leaf veins. The hairs are more difficult to observe on older leaves or plants grown in the field. Some accessions of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum have numerous short hairs on both surfaces of the leaf.
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in Steptoe (CIho 15229) (1), and in many accessions of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum.
Mutational events:
    Pub1.a in R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock (GSHO 1580) (2); Pub1.a in Steptoe (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    Pub1.a in Steptoe (GSHO 1576); Pub1.a from R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 1976).
References:
    1. Kleinhofs, A., A. Killian, M.A. Saghai Maroof, R.M. Biyashev, P. Hayes, F.Q. Chen, N. Lapitan, A. Fenwick, T.K. Blake, V. Kanazin, E. Ananiev, L. Dahleen, D. Kudrna, J. Bollinger, S.J. Knapp, B. Liu, M. Sorrells, M. Heun, J.D. Franckowiak, D. Hoffman, R. Skadsen, and B.J. Steffenson. 1993. A molecular, isozyme and morphological map of the barley (Hordeum vulgare) genome. Theor. Appl. Genet. 86:705-712.
    2. Wolfe, R.I., and J.D. Franckowiak. 1991. Multiple dominant and recessive marker stocks in spring barley. BGN 20:117-121.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:163.

Stock number: BGS 128
 Locus name: Short crooked awn
Locus symbol: sca

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (2), about 1.4 cM distal from the alm (albino lemma) locus (1, 2).
Description:
    In the original stock, awns are reduced to a length of only 2 cm and are curved outward at the tip (3). Awn tips may have a stigma-like appearance in the original stock. In the Bowman backcross-derived line, awns are short (less than 1/4 normal), but awn tips are not curved or stigma-like.
Origin of mutant:
    An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400) (2).
Mutational events:
    sca1.a in Akashinriki (OUM206) (1, 2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    sca1.a in Akashinriki (GSHO 2439), sca1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 1951).
References:
    1. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw., Biol. Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    2. Moriya, I., and R. Takahashi. 1980. Linkage studies of three barley mutants. BGN 10:47-51.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:164.

Stock number: BGS 129
 Locus name: White streak 6
Locus symbol: wst6

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    White stripe j = wst,,j (3).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (3).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (2, 3), about 10.6 cM distal from the uzu (uzu) locus (1, 2, 3).
Description:
    When grown under low temperature conditions, the leaf sheath and leaf blade become whitish or white streaked. Only the leaf tip and the central portion of the blade remain green. White streaks are not expressed above 20 C (3), but the white streak trait is expressed when seedlings are grown in the greenhouse.
Origin of mutant:
    An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400) (3).
Mutational events:
    wst6.j in Akashinriki (OUM231) (2, 3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    wst6.j in Akashinriki (GSHO 2500); wst6.j plus uzu1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*3 (GSHO 1968).
References:
    1. Konishi, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. VII. Location of six new mutant genes on chromosome 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:251-264.
    2. Moriya, I., and R. Takahashi. 1980. Linkage studies of three barley mutants. BGN 10:47-51.
    3. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1974. New linkage data obtained during 1972-73 season. BGN 4:74-76
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:165.

Stock number: BGS 130
 Locus name: Early maturity 10
Locus symbol: eam10

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Early maturity sp = easp (6).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (6).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (6), about 2.0 +/- 5.8 cM from the Est1-Est4 (esterase 1, esterase 4) locus (6).
Description:
    In winter nurseries at Cuidad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico and Davis, California, USA, plants of Super Precoz 2H head about 11 days earlier than lines with the genes eam7.g or eam8.k for photoperiod insensitivity from Atsel and Sv Mari, respectively (6). The eam10.m gene appears to suppress expression of the eam7.g and eam8.k genes (6). Plants expressing eam10.m become chlorotic (yellow green) under photothermal stress. Zeaxanthin increases at the expense of chlorophyll and other pigments (5). The chlorotic appearance is similar to that observed in plants homozygous for other recessive genes for early maturity (eam7, eam8, and eam9) (1, 4, 5).
Origin of mutant:
    Present in Super Precoz 2H (PI 527381) from Russia (6), but originating probably as an induced mutant in MC20 (2, 3, 5).
Mutational events:
    eam10.m in Super Precoz 2H plus a dominant maturity enhancer (3, 4, 5); eam10.m in Amber Nude without the enhancer (3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    eam10.m in Super Precoz 2H (GSHO 2504); eam10.m in Amber Nude (GSHO 2505).
References:
    1. Dormling, I., and Å. Gustafsson. 1969. Phytotron cultivation of early barley mutants. Theor. Appl. Genet. 39:51-61.
    2. Favret, E.A. 1972. El mejoramiento de las plantas por induccíon de mutaciones en latinoamerica. p. 49-59. In Induced Mutations and Plant Improvement. Int. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
    3. Favret, E.A., and G.S. Ryan. 1966. New useful mutants in plant breeding. p. 49-61. In Mutations in Plant Breeding. Int. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
    4. Gallagher, L.W. (unpublished).
    5. Gallagher, L.W., A.A. Hafez, S.S. Goyal, and D.W. Rains. 1994. Nuclear mutations affecting chloroplastic pigments of photoperiod-insensitive barley. Plant Breed. 113:65-70.
    6. Gallagher, L.W., K.M. Soliman, and H. Vivar. 1991. Interactions among loci conferring photoperiod insensitivity for heading time in spring barley. Crop Sci. 31:256-261.
Prepared:
    L.W. Gallagher and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:166.

Stock number: BGS 131
 Locus name: Granum-a
Locus symbol: gra-a

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Granum-a = gran-a (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 5).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (1, 4).
Description:
    Plants have numerous, thin tillers with narrow leaves and short internodes (1/2 normal plant height). Spikes are less than half normal length and seeds are thin and small (1, 4). Spikes emerge from the sheath of the flag leaf prematurely, 4 to 7 days before anthesis (2).
Origin of mutant:
    An X-ray induced mutant in Donaria (PI 161974) (1, 4).
Mutational events:
    gra-a.1 in Donaria (1, 4); gra-a.2 (GSHO 1758) from a Tokak (PI 178421) mutant in OR-SS-2 (2, 3, 5); gra-a.3 (DWS1176) in HE2816 (likely from HE-MN-C 292) from Milan Vá[sinvcircumflex]a (2, 3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    gra-a.1 in Donaria (GSHO 1757); gra-a.1 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1980); gra-a.2 in Bowman*7 (GSHO 1981).
References:
    1. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1976. Research notes. BGN 6:28-29.
    2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Allelism tests among selected semidwarf barleys. BGN 21:17-23.
    3. Franckowiak, J.D., and A. Pecio. 1992. Coordinator's report: Semidwarf genes: A listing of genetic stocks. BGN 21:116-127
    4. Häuser, J., and G. Fischbeck. 1976. Untersuchungen zur Lokalisierung einiger Mutationen von Gerste (Hordeum sativum). Z. Pflanzenzücht. 77:269-280.
    5. Sears, R.G., W.E. Kronstad, and R.J. Metzger. 1981. Inheritance of dwarf and semidwarf plant height in barley. Crop Sci. 21:828-833.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:167.

Stock number: BGS 132
 Locus name: Breviaristatum-a
Locus symbol: ari-a

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Breviaristatum-6 = ari-6 (1, 2).
    Short awn 7 = lk7 (7).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (4, 5, 6), probably less than 2.4 cM from the centromere (5).
Description:
    A common feature of mutants at this locus is instability in the expression of awn length, ranging from very short to 5/6 normal length in various environments. In some environments, secondary or tertiary tillers may show a drastic reduction in stem internode, spike, and awn length. Awns are thin and brittle and may flare somewhat on later tillers. Kernels are thin with fine wrinkles on the lemma (2).
Origin of mutant:
    A gamma-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (2).
Mutational events:
    ari-a.6, -a.7 in Bonus (2); ari-a.8, -a.23 in Bonus (3); ari-a.26 in Bonus (2); ari-a.31 in Bonus (3); ari-a.37, -a.48 in Bonus, -a.118, -a.121, -a.124, -a.126 in Foma (CIho 11333) (2); ari-a.122, -a.125, -a.148 in Foma (3); ari-a.152, -a.162, -a.174, -a.211 in Foma (2); ari-a.216 in Foma (3); ari -a.273, -a.277, -a.279, -a.287, -a.293 in Kristina (2); ari-a.296, -a.305 in Kristina (3); lks7.i (Kmut 114) in Asahi 5 (OUJ509) (7).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    ari-a.6 in Bonus (GSHO 1648); ari-a.6 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1958).
References:
    1. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv. Hereditas 62:409-414.
    2. Kucera, J., U. Lundqvist, and Å. Gustafsson. 1975. Inheritance of breviaristatum mutants in barley. Hereditas 80:263-278.
    3. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
    4. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.
    5. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley II. Hereditas 63:1-28.
    6. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1965. Localization of nine induced mutations in the barley chromosomes. Barley Newsl. 8:52-54.
    7. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Allelic relationships of genes for short-awned mutants in barley. BGN 4:80-81.
Prepared:
    U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:168.

Stock number: BGS 133
 Locus name: Semidwarf 2
Locus symbol: sdw2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Semidwarf-b = sdw-b (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (1), over 34.5 cM distal from the sld1 (slender dwarf 1) locus (1).
Description:
    Plants are about 3/4 normal height; culms are thin with narrow, short, erect leaves. The flag leaf is narrow and short. The peduncle is short, the collar has a small leaf-like bract, and the basal rachis internode is elongated (1).
Origin of mutant:
    A N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced mutant in Mg4170 (1).
Mutational events:
    sdw2.b in Mg4170 (267MK, later called 437MK) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    sdw2.b in Mg4170 (GSHO 2466); sdw2.b in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1965).
References:
    1. Szarejko, I., and M. Maluszynski. 1984. Two new dwarfism genes on barley chromosome 3. BGN 14:35-38.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:169.

Stock number: BGS 134
 Locus name: Erectoides-c
Locus symbol: ert-c

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Erectoides-1 = ert-1 (2).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (5, 6).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (4, 10, 11), about 3.7 cM from the centromere (8, 9), and about 2.9 cM proximal from the msg5 (male sterile genetic 5) locus (1).
Description:
    Spikes have a compact or semicompact appearance caused by a reduction in rachis internode length, with values from 1.7 to 2.9 mm. The spike has a fusiform shape with shorter rachis internodes at the base and longer ones near the apex. The culm length is also highly variable among mutants at the ert-c locus. Mutants ert-c.66 and ert-c.153 are partially sterile, much shorter in culm length, and have a more bushy growth pattern than other mutants at this locus (3, 10). GA3 treatment of plants as the flag leaf emerges decreases spike density (12). The Bowman backcross-derived line for ert-c.1 is later and taller than Bowman.
Origin of mutant:
    An X-ray induced mutant in Gull (CIho 1145, GSHO 466) (2, 5, 6).
Mutational events:
    ert-c.1 (trans) in Gull (5, 13); ert-c.14 (trans) (GSHO 473) in Maja (PI 184884), -c.39, -c.47 (trans), -c.48, -c.59 (trans), -c.62, -c.66, -c.70 (trans), -c.75 (trans), -c.82, -c.83, -c.85, -c.88 in Bonus (PI 189763) (5); ert-c.91, -c.95, -c.97, -c.98, -c.108, -c.137, -c.153, -c.173, -c.177 in Bonus (10); ert-c.176, -c.179, -c.188 in Bonus (7); ert-c.310, -c.311, -c.312 in Foma (CIho 11333) (10); ert-c.320 in Foma (7); ert-c.327, -c.342, -c.351 in Foma (10); ert-c.352 in Foma (7); ert-c.355a, -c.369, -c.386, -c.395 in Foma (10); ert-c.463 in Foma (7); ert-c.495 in Foma (10).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    ert-c.1 in Gull (GSHO 471); ert-c.1 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1960).
References:
    1. Eslick, R.F., and W.L. McProud. 1974. Positioning of the male sterile 5 (msg5) on chromosome 3. BGN 4:16-23.
    2. Gustafsson, Å. 1947. Mutations in agricultural plants. Hereditas 33:1-100.
    3. Hagberg, A. 1958. Cytogenetik einiger Gerstenmutanten. Züchter 28:32-36.
    4. Hagberg, A. 1960. Cytogenetic analysis of induced mutations. Genet. Agrar. 12:319-336.
    5. Hagberg, A., Å. Gustafsson, and L. Ehrenberg. 1958. Sparsely contra densely ionizing radiations and the origin of erectoid mutants in barley. Hereditas 44:523-530.
    6. Hagberg, A., N. Nybom, and Å. Gustafsson. 1952. Allelism of erectoides mutations in barley. Hereditas 38:510-512.
    7. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
    8. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.
    9. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley II. Hereditas 63:1-28.
    10. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants. Hereditas 61:115-178.
    11. Søgaard, B. 1971. Linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. BGN 1:41-47.
    12. Stoy, V., and A. Hagberg. 1967. Effects of growth regulators on ear density mutants in barley. Hereditas 58:359-384.
    13. Tjio, J.H., and A. Hagberg. 1951. Cytological studies on some X-ray mutants in barley. Anales Estac. Exp. Aula Dei 2:149-167.
Prepared:
    U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:170-171.

Stock number: BGS 135
 Locus name: Erectoides-ii
Locus symbol: ert-ii

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Erectoides-79 = ert-79 (1).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (2, 3).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (2, 3), over 6.6 cM distal from the centromere (2, 3).
Description:
    Plants are about 1/2 normal height and the spike has an elongated basal rachis internode. Spikes are relatively short and show a slight reduction in rachis internode length with a range of values from 2.7 to 3.0 mm (4).
Origin of mutant:
    An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (1).
Mutational events:
    ert-ii.79 in Bonus (1, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    ert-ii.79 in Bonus (GSHO 483); ert-ii.79 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1982).
References:
    1. Hagberg, A., G. Persson, and A. Wiberg. 1963. Induced mutations in the improvement of self-pollinated crops. p. 105-124. In E. Åkerberg and A. Hagberg (eds.) Recent Plant Breeding Research. Svalöf 1946-1961. Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm.
    2. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.
    3. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley II. Hereditas 63:1-28.
    4. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants. Hereditas 61:115-178.
Prepared:
    U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:172.

Stock number: BGS 136
 Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 7 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph7

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth y = Pay (5).
    Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth 5 = Pa5 (8).
    Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth 7 = Pa7 (6).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial dominant (5, 8).
    Located in chromosome 3HS (10, 11), linkage to markers in the centromeric region was reported (9), and about 24.0 cM from the ant17 (anthocyanin-less 17) locus (4).
Description:
    The seedling reaction type is 0;n - 1c (3, 9). Temperature studies show that resistance conferred by the Rph7.g gene is not expressed well above 20 C (3, 12). Cebada Capa is indistinguishable from the cultivar Forrajera Klein (1).
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in Cebada Capa (PI 53911) (5, 6, 8).
Mutational events:
    Rph7.g in Cebada Capa (5, 6, 8); Rph7.g in France 7 and France 21 (5); Rph7.g in Dabat, Gondar (PI 199964), and La Estanzuela (7, 10, 12); Rph7.ac in Tu17a, a Bowman backcross-derived line from Tunisia 17 (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    Rph7.g in Cebada Capa (GSHO 1318); Rph7.g in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1994).
References:
    1. Arias, G. (personal communications).
    2. Chicaiza, O., J.D. Franckowiak, and B.J. Steffenson. 1996. New sources of resistance to leaf rust in barley. p. 706-708. In A.E. Slinkard, G.J. Scoles, and B.G. Rossnagel (eds.) Proc. Fifth Int. Oat Conf. & Seventh Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Saskatoon. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
    3. Clifford, B.C., and H. W. Roderick. 1981. Detection of cryptic resistance of barley to Puccinia hordei. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 76:17-24.
    4. Falk, D.E. 1985. Genetic studies with proanthocyanidin-free barley. BGN 15:27-30.
    5. Johnson, R. 1968. The genetics of resistance of some barley varieties to Puccinia hordei. p. 160-162. In Proc. Eur. Medit. Cereal Rust Conf., Oeiras, Portugal.
    6. Nover, I., and C.O. Lehmann. 1974. Resistenzeigenschaften im Gersten- und Weizensortiment Gatersleben. 18. Prüfung von Sommergersten auf ihr Verhalten gegen Zwergrost (Puccinia hordei Otth). Kulturpflanze 22:25-43.
    7. Parlevliet, J.E. 1976. The genetics of seedling resistance to leaf rust, Puccinia hordei Otth, in some spring barley cultivars. Euphytica 25:249-254.
    8. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1970. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in barley. III. Genes in the cultivars Cebada Capa and Franger. Phytopathology 60:788-790.
    9. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1989. Linkage studies with genes conditioning leaf rust reaction in barley. Barley Newsl. 33:190-192.
    10. Tan, B.H. 1978. Verifying the genetic relationships between three leaf rust resistance genes in barley. Euphytica 27:317-323.
    11. Tuleen. N.A., and M.E. McDonald. 1971. Location of genes Pa and Pa5. Barley Newsl. 15:106-107.
    12. Udeogalanya, A.C.C., and B.C. Clifford. 1976. Genetical, physiological and pathological relationships of resistance to Puccinia hordei and P. striiformis in Hordeum vulgare. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 71:279-287.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1997. BGN 26:173.

Stock number: BGS 137
 Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 10 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph10

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial dominant (1).
    Located in chromosome 3HL (1), about 15.0 cM from the Est2 (esterase 2) locus (1).
Description:
    The seedling reaction varies from a necrotic fleck to a moderate sized uredinium, and heterozygotes have an intermediate reaction (1). Leaf rust culture Aust 220 from Australia is used to detect resistance in allelism tests and backcross-derived progenies.
Origin of mutant:
    Natural occurrence in accession 'Bar Giyyora 30' of Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum, but isolated in a Clipper backcross-derived line (1).
Mutational events:
    Rph10.o from Hordeum vulgare subsp spontaneum in Clipper*4 as C8 (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    Rph10.o in Clipper C8 (GSHO 1588); Rph10.o in Bowman (PI 483237)*2 (GSHO 1995).
References:
    1. Feuerstein, U., A.H.D. Brown, and J.J. Burdon. 1990. Linkage of rust resistance genes from wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) with isozyme markers. Plant Breed. 104:318-324.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1997. BGN 26:174.

Stock number: BGS 138
 Locus name: Necrotic leaf spot 4
Locus symbol: nec4

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 3).
    Located in chromosome 3H (1, 3).
Description:
    Small black spots develop on the leaves (1, 3).
Origin of mutant:
    An X-ray induced mutant in Proctor (PI 280420) (1, 3).
Mutational events:
    nec4.f in Proctor (728/63) (1, 2, 3, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    nec4.f in Proctor (OUM371).
References:
    1. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1976. Research notes. BGN 6:28-29.
    2. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1978. Cytogenetic studies of some induced barley mutants. BGN 8:36-37.
    3. Häuser, J., and G. Fischbeck. 1976. Untersuchungen zur Lokalisierung einiger Mutationen von Gerste (Hordeum sativum). Z. Pflanzenzücht. 77:269-280.
    4. Søgaard, B., and P. von Wettstein-Knowles. 1987. Barley: genes and chromosomes. Carlsberg Res. Comm. 52:123-196.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:175.

Stock number: BGS 139
 Locus name: Necrotic leaf spot 5
Locus symbol: nec5

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    None.
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 3).
    Located in chromosome 3H (1, 3).
Description:
    Circular dark brown spots develop on the leaves (1, 3).
Origin of mutant:
    An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Diamant (1, 3).
Mutational events:
    nec5.g in Diamant (HLNEP71/48) (1, 2, 3, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    nec5.g in Diamant (OUM372).
References:
    1. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1976. Research notes. BGN 6:28-29.
    2. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1978. Cytogenetic studies of some induced barley mutants. BGN 8:36-37.
    3. Häuser, J., and G. Fischbeck. 1976. Untersuchungen zur Lokalisierung einiger Mutationen von Gerste (Hordeum sativum). Z. Pflanzenzücht. 77:269-280.
    4. Søgaard, B., and P. von Wettstein-Knowles. 1987. Barley: genes and chromosomes. Carlsberg Res. Comm. 52:123-196.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:176.

Stock number: BGS 140
 Locus name: Xantha seedling 8
Locus symbol: xnt8

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

    Albino seedling b = alb,,b (1).
    Xantha seedling h = xan,,h (2).
Inheritance:
    Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
    Located in chromosome 3HS, about 2.9 cM from the msg5 (male sterile genetic 5) locus (2).
Description:
    Seedlings have a yellow color and die at the two to three leaf stage (1). The xnt8.h gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock. Allelism tests with mutants at the xnt3 (xantha seedling 3) locus, which is present in the same region of chromosome 3H, have not been conducted.
Origin of mutant:
    A spontaneous mutant in Carlsberg II (CIho 10114) (1).
Mutational events:
    xnt8.h in Carlsberg II (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
    xnt8.h in Carlsberg II (GSHO 582).
References:
    1. Rahman, M.M. 1973. Balanced male sterile-lethals systems for hybrid barley production. Ph.D. Thesis, Montana State Univ., Bozeman.
    2. Rahman, M.M., and R.F. Eslick. 1976. Linkage of spontaneous mutant seedling lethal genes with genetic male sterile genes. BGN 6:53-58.
Prepared:
    J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:177.