Descriptions of barley genetic stocks for 2010

Barley Genetics Newsletter (2010) 40:45-177

Descriptions of barley genetic stocks for 2010

Jerome D. Franckowiak¹ and Udda Lundqvist²

¹Hermitage Research Station, Agri-Science Queensland,

Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation

Warwick, Queensland 4370, Australia

²Nordic Gene Bank (Nordgen)

P.O. Box 41, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden

In this volume of the Barley Genetics Newsletter, sixty-four new and revised Barley Genetic Stock (BGS) descriptions are published (Table 1). The current lists of new and revised BGS descriptions, including those in Table 1, are again presented by BGS number order (Table 2) and by locus symbol in alphabetic order (Table 3) in this issue. Information on the description location, recommended locus name, chromosomal location, previous gene symbols, and the primary genetic stock (GSHO number and/or NGB number) are included in these lists. The GSHO stocks are held in the USDA-ARS Barley Genetic Stocks collection at the National Small Grains Collection (U.S. Department of Agriculture � Agricultural Research Service, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, 1691 S 2700 W) Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA. The NGB stocks are held in the Nordic Genetic Resource Center (Nordgen), P.O. Box 41, SE-230 53 Alnap, Sweden. This information is available through the Internet at the following addresses:

(1) www.ars.usda.gov.PacWest/Aberdeen

(2) www.ars-grin.gov:7000/npgs/descriptors/barley-genetics (GRIN)

(3) http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/bgn/

(4) http:/www.nordgen.org/sesto

(5) http://ace.untamo.net

Table 1. A listing of Barley Genetic Stock (BGS) descriptions published in volume 40 of the Barley Genetics Newsletter, giving recommended locus symbols and names, chromosomal locations, and stock source information.

BGS no.	Locus symbol*		Chr. loc.^�	Locus name or phenotype	Descr. vol. p.	GSHO no.^�
BGS no.	Rec.	Prev.	Chr. loc.^�	Locus name or phenotype	Descr. vol. p.	GSHO no.^�

�� 52	fch15	or	2HS	Chlorina seedling 15	40:� 48	�� 49
�� 55	fch1	f, lg	2HS	Chlorina seedling 1	40:� 49	� 112
�� 62	sbk1	sk, cal-a	2HS	Subjacent hood 1	40:� 51	� 267
�� 71	com2	bir2	2HS	Compositum 2	40:� 53	1703
�� 81	gsh7	gs7	1H/2H/5H	Glossy sheath 7	40:� 55	1759
�� 97	acr1	acr	2HL	Accordion rachis 1	40:� 56	1617
�146	cal-d		3H	Calcaroides-d	40:� 58	1698
�150	scl-b	scl.5	3HL/6HS	Scirpoides leaf-b	40:� 60
�155	glf1	gl, cer-zh	4HL	Glossy leaf 1	40:� 61	�� 98
�186	sld3	ant17.567	4HS	Slender dwarf 3	40:� 63	2480
�189	Acr2	acr, lax	4HL	Accordion rachis 2	40:� 65	1572
�190	tfm1		1HL	Thick filament 1	40:� 67
�191	fch17	vy3	1HL/3HL	Chlorina seedling 17	40:� 68	1079
�203	Blp1	B	1HL	Black lemma and pericarp 1	40:� 69	� 988
�220	fch3	f3	1HS	Chlorina seedling 3	40:� 71	� 851
�223	Zeb3	zb3, zb_c	1HL	Zebra stripe 3	40:� 72	1451
�224	ert-b	ert-b	1HL	Erectoides-b	40:� 74	� 470
�225	clh1	clh	7HL/5HL	Curled leaf dwarf 1	40:� 76	1212
�226	rvl1	rvl	1HL	Revoluted leaf 1	40:� 77	� 608
�227	sls1	sls	1HL	Small lateral spikelet 1	40:� 78	2492
�228	Sil1	Sil	1H	Subcrown internode length 1	40:� 79	1604
�232	Lys4	sex5	1HS	High lysine 4	40:� 80	2475
�238	ari-t	ari-25	1H	Breviaristatum-t	40:� 82
�239	sci-b	sci-4	1H/6H	Scirpoides-b	40:� 83
�240	sdw6	sdw.f	1H/7H	Semidwarf 6	40:� 84	2449
�241	Acr3	acr	1HL	Accordion rachis 3	40:� 85	1071
�242	sld6	sld.g	1H	Slender dwarf 6	40:� 87	2482
�308	lbi1	lb, rac-a	5HL	Long basal rachis internode 1	40:� 88	� 580
�315	vrs3	v3, int-a	1HL	Six-rowed spike 3	40:� 90	� 774
�351	gsh1	gs1, cer-q	2HS	Glossy sheath 1	40:� 92	� 735
�356	gsh6	gs6, cer-c	2HS	Glossy sheath 6	40:� 95	� 740
�357	msg1	ms1	1HL	Male sterile genetic 1	40:� 98	1810
�360	msg4	ms4	1H	Male sterile genetic 4	40:100	2392
�376	msg21	ms21	1HL	Male sterile genetic 21	40:101	2373
�400	cer-e	cer-e	1HL	Eceriferum-e	40:102	1518
�401	cer-f	cer-f	1H	Eceriferum-f	40:104	� 427
�409	cer-o	cer-o	1HL	Eceriferum-o	40:106	� 436
�413	gsh8	cer-u, gs8	2HS	Glossy sheath 8	40:107	� 442
�422	cer-zd	cer-zd	3HL	Eceriferum-zd	40:110	� 451
Table 1. (continued)
BGS no.	Locus symbol*		Chr. loc.^�	Locus name or phenotype	Descr. vol. p.	GSHO no.^�
BGS no.	Rec.	Prev.	Chr. loc.^�	Locus name or phenotype	Descr. vol. p.	GSHO no.^�

�431	cer-zn	cer-zb	1H	Eceriferum-zn	40:112	1523
�438	cer-zu	cer-zu	1H	Eceriferum-zu	40:114	1528
�442	cer-zy	cer-zy	1HS	Eceriferum-zy	40:116	1532
�468	msg31	msg,,d	1HL	Male sterile genetic 31	40:117	2383
�473	com1	bir1	5HL	Compositum 1	40:118	1702
�474	lax-a	lax-a	5HL	Laxatum-a	40:120	1775
�502	msg39	msg,,dm	3HL	Male sterile genetic 39	40:122	2391
�520	msg48	msg,,jt	1H	Male sterile genetic 48	40:123	2401
�523	cer-yj	cer-yj	1HS	Eceriferum-yj	40:124	1543
�527	cer-yn	cer-yn	1H	Eceriferum-yn	40:125	1547
�533	cer-yt	cer-yt	1HL/5HL	Eceriferum-yt	40:126	1553
�534	cer-yu	cer-yu	1H	Eceriferum-yu	40:127	1554
�535	cer-yx	cer-yx	1H/3H/5H	Eceriferum-yx	40:128	1555
�536	Cer-yy	Gle1	1HS	Eceriferum-yy	40:129	1556
�548	Fol-b	Ang	1HS	Angustifolium-b	40:131	�� 17
�557	ari-p	ari-p		Breviaristatum-p	40:132	1664
�560	ert-f	ert-f	1H	Erectoides-f	40:133	� 478
�566	ert-t	ert-t, brh3	2HS	Erectoides-t	40:134	� 494
�568	ert-x	ert-x	1H/7H	Erectoides-x	40:136	� 498
�582	mat-f	mat-f	1H	Praematurum-f	40:137	1792
�586	bra-d	bra-d	1HL	Bracteatum-d	40:139	1696
�615	wxs1	wxs	7H/2HL	Waxy spike 1	40:141
�626	scl-a	scl-6	1HL	Scirpoides leaf-a	40:142
�635	nec7	nec-45	1H/6H/7H	Necroticans 7	40:143	2420
�676	fch16	clo.117	2HS	Chlorina seedling 16	40:144

* Recommended locus symbols are based on utilization of a three letter code for barley genes as approved at the business meeting of the Seventh International Barley Genetics Symposium at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, on 05 August 1996.

^� Chromosome numbers and arm designations are based on a resolution passed at the business meeting of the Seventh International Barley Genetics Symposium at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, on 05 August 1996. The Burnham and Hagberg (1956) designations of barley chromosomes were 1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 while new designations based on the Triticeae system are 7H 2H 3H 4H 1H 6H and 5H, respectively.

^� The seed stock associated with each BGS number is held as a GSHO stock number in the Barley Genetics Stock Collection at the USDA-ARS National Grains Germplasm Research Facility, Aberdeen, Idaho, USA.

BGS 52, Chlorina seedling 15, fch15

Stock number:�� BGS 52

Locus name:�� Chlorina seedling 15

Locus symbol:�� fch15

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Orange seedling = or (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosome 2HS (3), about 18.5 cM distal from the fch1 (chlorina seedling 1) locus (2, 3); associated with SNP markers 2_1338 to 2_0699 (positions 74.97 to 126.33 cM) in 2H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW357 (1), likely in 2H bin 06.

Description:

The normal color of seedlings is altered to "apricot yellow" when plants are grown in the field under low temperature. Plants respond better to higher temperatures and can be grown to maturity in suitable environments (3, 4). The yellow plant color is stable nearly to maturity (4).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in Trebi (PI 537442) (3).

Mutational events:

fch15.x (or1.a) in Trebi (Trebi IV, GSHO 49) (3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

fch15.x in Trebi (GSHO 49), fch15.x in Bowman (PI 483237)*2 (BW357, NGB 20596).

References:

1. Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010. Genetic dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

2. Robertson, D.W. 1967. Linkage studies of various barley mutations (Hordeum species). Crop Sci. 7:41-42.

3. Robertson, D.W., and O.H. Coleman. 1940. The addition of two factors for chlorophyll-deficient seedlings to the linkage groups of barley. J. Genet. 39:401-410.

4. Tsuchiya, T. 1971. Viability of or (orange seedling) homozygotes. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:65-66.

Prepared:

T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:112.

Revised:

T. Tsuchiya. 1980. Barley Genet. Newsl. 10:104.

J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:88.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:48.

BGS 55, Chlorina seedling 1, fch1

Stock number:�� BGS 55

Locus name:�� Chlorina seedling 1

Locus symbol:�� fch1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Chlorina seedling = f (6).

Light green = lg (5).

Light green 8 = lg8 (4).

Light green 10 = lg10 (4).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3, 5, 6).

Located in chromosome 2HS (3, 10), in the centromeric region and about 4.0 cM distal from the eog1 (elongated outer glume 1) locus (3, 7), associated with SNP markers 1_1493 to 2_0458 (positions 76.05 to 96.47 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW351 (1), likely in 2H bin 07.

Description:

Seedling and immature leaves are very pale yellow-green (chlorophyll deficient) (6). The leaves gradually change to a green color beginning with the leaf tip. Plants can be grown to maturity in the field, but they have a slightly yellow-green color and are stunted easily by stress. Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW351 headed about 10 days later than Bowman and were slightly shorter. Plants produced a few more kernels per spike and rachis internodes were slightly shorter. Kernels were 10 to 15% lighter and they were slightly shorter and thinner. Grain yields were 1/2 to 2/3 of normal (2).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in Golden (Gull, CIho 1145, GSHO 466) (6).

Mutational events:

fch1.a (GSHO 112) in Gull (6, 9); fch1.p (lg) (Minn 80, GSHO 548) (5, 9); fch1.q (lg8) (No 155, GSHO 8) (4, 8); and fch1.r (lg10) (No 157, GSHO 154) in Himalaya (CIho 1312) (4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

fch1.p in Minn 84-7 (GSHO 548); fch1.p in Bowman (PI 483237)*9 (GSHO 1886, BW351, NGB 20690).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Hallqvist, C. 1926. Koppelungen und synthetische Lethalit�t bei den Chlorophyllfaktoren der Gerste. Hereditas 8:229-254.

4. Haus, T.E. 1973. Allelism among light green, lg, seedling mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:17-18.

5. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 28:419-420.

6. Nilsson-Ehle, H. 1922. �ber freie Kombination und Koppelung verschiedener Chlorophyllerbeinheiten bei Gerste. Hereditas 3:191-199.

7. Robertson, D.W., G.W. Deming, and D. Koonce. 1932. Inheritance in barley. J. Agric. Res. 44:445-466.

8. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1947. A summary of linkage studies in barley: Supplement I, 1940-1946. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:464-473.

9. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Allelism of f for chlorina and lg for light green (chlorina) in chromosome 2S in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:79.

10. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:75-79.

Prepared:

T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:115.

Revised:

T. Tsuchiya. 1980. Barley Genet. Newsl. 10:106.

J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:90.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:49-50.

BGS 62, Subjacent hood 1, sbk1

Stock number:�� BGS 62

Locus name:�� Subjacent hood 1

Locus symbol:�� sbk

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Subjacent hood = sk (9).

Hooded awn 2 = k2 (12).

Hoods = k_r (11).

Calcaroides-a = cal-a (4, 5).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (8, 9).

Located in chromosome 2HS (8, 9, 10), distal from molecular marker CDO057 (7), associated with SNP markers 1_0326 and 1_1059 (positions 16.91 and 17.96 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW767, markers 1_1059 to 2_0563 (positions 17.96 to 21.19 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW766, and marker 1_0326 (2), in 2H bin 02.

Description:

Unlike the Kap1 (hooded awn 1) mutants, the lemma appendage or its modification is situated somewhat below the top of the lemma. Lemma modifications may include a central cup-like cavity or sac in some alleles and/or pronounced lemma wings in other alleles (1, 7). The modified lemma bears a short distal awn. Only a few florets of the spike have malformations in alleles cal-a.3, -a.6, -a.7, and -a.17 and these alleles are associated with the formation of pronounced wings (7). There are no rudiments of a floral organ within the hood-like cavity (7, 8, 9). Leaf knots and leaf curling are present in some alleles (7). In the homozygous condition, the sbk1.a gene is epistatic to Kap1.a and to Lks1.a (awnless) genes (8). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived lines BW103, BW766, and BW767 were much less vigorous than Bowman, about 3/4 of normal height and 3 to 4 fewer fertile rachis nodes. The kernel of the BW766 and BW767 plants were about 1/2 of normal weight, and grain yields were about 1/10 of normal. Plants of the BW103 line were more vigorous with kernel weights about 3/4 of those for Bowman and grain yield of about 1/2 of normal. The effects of the sbk1 mutants on plant vigor were less pronounced in cooler environments (3).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant identified as Tayeh 13 (OUC335) (6); an X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (6).

Mutational events:

sbk1.a (GSHO 267) in Tayeh 13 (8); cal-a.1 in Bonus (NGB 114280, 114281) (5, 6); cal-a.3 (NGB 114283), -a.5 (NGB 114285) in Foma (CIho 11333); cal-a.6 (NGB 114286) in Bonus; cal-a.7 (NGB 114287), -a.8 (NGB 114288, 114289), -a.11 (NGB 114290, 114291), -a.12 (NGB 114292), -a.13 (NGB 114293) in Foma; cal-a.16 (NGB 114295), -a.17 (NGB 114296), -a.20 (NGB 114299), -a.21 (NGB 114300) in Bonus (5, 6); sbk1.b (k_r) in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (11).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

sbk1.a in Tayeh 13 (GSHO 267); sbk1.a via R.I. Wolfe�s multiple recessive stock for chromosome 2 in Bowman (PI 483237)*4 (BW766, NGB 22234); sbk1.b in Montcalm, in Bowman*7 (GSHO 1874, BW767, NGB 22235); cal-a.1 in Bonus (GSHO 286, NGB 114280, NGB 114281); cal-a.1 in Bowman*3 (GSHO 2186), in Bowman*6 (BW103, NGB 20509).

References:

1. Bossinger, G., U. Lundqvist, W. Rohde, and F. Salamini. 1992. Genetics of plant development in barley. p. 989-1017. In L. Munck, K. Kirkegaard, and B. Jensen (eds.). Barley Genetics VI. Proc. Sixth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Helsingborg, 1991. Munksgaard Int. Publ., Copenhagen.

2. Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010. Genetic dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

5. Lundqvist, U. 1993. Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes. Barley Genet. Newsl. �22:137-139.

6. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

7. Pozzi, C., P. Faccioli, V. Terzi, A.M. Stanca, S. Cerioli, P. Castiglioni, R. Fink, R. Capone, K.J. M�ller, G. Bossinger, W. Rohde, and F. Salamini. 2000. Genetics of mutations affecting the development of a barley floral bract. Genetics 154:1335-1346.

8. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1966. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. II. Assignment of several new mutant genes to their respective linkage groups by the trisomic method of analysis. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 13:185-198.

9. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.

10. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:75-79.

11. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K.J. Kasha. 1963. Recent barley mutants and their linkages II. Genetic data for further mutants. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 5:200-219.

12. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:92-94.

Prepared:

T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:122.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:98.

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 2002. Barley Genet. Newsl. 32:83-84.

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:51-52.

BGS 71, Compositum 2, com2

Stock number:�� BGS 71

Locus name:�� Compositum 2

Locus symbol:�� com2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Branching inflorescent, rachilla 2 = bir2 (3, 4).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3, 6).

Located in chromosome 2HS (3, 4); associated with SNP markers 1_0525 to 1_0325 (positions 65.03 to 90.54 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW192 and associated with markers 1_0943 to 1_1015 (positions 34.31 to 91.62 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW187 (1); no SNP markers in 2HS were retained in Bowman backcross-derived line BW191 (1).

Description:

The spike is malformed because branch spikes fail to abort and rachis branches form from rachis nodes in the basal half of the spike. Spike branches form at more rachis nodes under favorable conditions for vigor growth (2, 5). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived lines BW191 and BW192 were slightly shorter than Bowman and often had slightly shorter awns. Kernel sizes were variable for BW191 and BW192 and averages weights were lower than those of Bowman. Kernels were on average shorter and thinner, but BW191 plants had smaller grains than those of BW192. Grain yields of BW191 and BW192 were commonly lower than those of Bowman (2).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Donaria (PI 161974) (6).

Mutational events:

com2.f (Mut 2201, GSHO 1700) in Donaria (6); com2.g (GSHO 1703) from the ICARDA-CIMMYT collection of barley freaks (4); com2.k (GSHO 79) in Davis 1153 (), which likely is the same mutant as com2.g based on SNP markers retained in their Bowman backcross-derived lines (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

com2.f (GSHO 1700) in Donaria; com2.f in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2233, BW191, NGB 22023); com2.g in a freak stock from CIMMYT (GSHO 1703); com2.g in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1878, BW192, NGB 22024); com2.k (GSHO 79) in Davis 1153; com2.k in Bowman*3 (BW187, NGB 22019)

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Mapping a gene for photoperiod sensitivity in barley. Agron. Abstr. 1992:96.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Allelism tests among selected semidwarf barleys. Barley Genet. Newsl. 21:17-23.

5. Franckowiak, J.D., B.P. Forster, U. Lundqvist, J. Lyon, I. Pitkethly, and W.T.B. Thomas. 2010. Developmental mutants as a guide to the barley phytomer. In S. Ceccarelli, S. Grando, et al. (eds.) Barley Genetics X. Proc. Tenth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Alexandria, Egypt, 2008.

6. Scholz, F., and O. Lehmann. 1958. Die Gaterslebener Mutanten der Saatgerste in Beziehung zur Formenmannigfaltigkeit der Art Hordeum vulgare L.s.l.I. Kulturpflanze 6:123-166.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:108.

Revised:

J. D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:53-54.

BGS 81, Glossy sheath 7, gsh7

Stock number:�� BGS 81

Locus name:�� Glossy sheath 7

Locus symbol:�� gsh7

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Glossy sheath 7 = gs7 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosomes 1H, 2HL or 5H (1), based on segments of the donor parent chromosomes retained in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW410, possible locations based on SNP markers included 1_0259 to 2_0229 (positions 70.78 to 106.61 cM) in 1H, 1_0916 to 2_0681 (positions 187.68 to 247.86 cM) in 2HL, 1_0580 to 1_0955 (positions 54.27 to 69.76 cM) in 5HS, and 2_0367 to 2_1445 (positions 116.66 to 134.85 cM) in 5HL (1).

Description:

The spike, leaf sheath and stem of mutant plants are glossy and bright green in color (wax code - - ++) (3). In early generation backcrosses to Bowman, the glossy sheath 7 segregates headed early and had poor vigor and small spikes. Also, spikes frequently abort after emasculation (2). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line were 2/3 to 3/4 of normal height. Kernels are slightly longer and thinner than those of Bowman and kernel weights are about 2/3 of normal. Grain yields are less than 10% of normal (2).

Origin of mutant:

An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400) (3).

Mutational events:

gsh7.ae (GSHO 1759) in Akashinriki (OUM022) (3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

gsh7.ae in Akashinriki (GSHO 1759); gsh7.ae in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2269, BW410, NGB 20643).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Konishi, T. 1973. Genetic analyses of EMS-induced mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:28-31.

Prepared:

T. Konishi and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:119.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:55.

BGS 97, Accordion rachis 1, acr1

Stock number:�� BGS 97

Locus name:�� Accordion rachis 1

Locus symbol: �� acr1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Lax rachis internode = ril (2).

Accordion rachis = acr (5, 6).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2, 5, 6), part of a multiple genic series involving acr1, acr2 and acr3 required for expression (3).

Located in chromosome 2HL (3), near the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus because no recombination with the Vrs1.t (deficiens) allele was observed (3); associated with SNP markers 1_0525 to 2_0667 (positions 65.03 to 117.73 cM) in 2H of the Bowman backcross-derived lines BW009 and BW439 (1), likely in 2H bins 06 to 08.

Description:

Rachis internodes are greatly elongated and often bent or pleaded as the spike emerges from the boot or sheath of the flag leaf (5). The line ACBV89B229, developed by R.I. Wolfe to maximize rachis internode length, exhibits extreme elongation of rachis internodes, rachis internode length values up to 7.0 mm, and occasionally trapping of the spike tip in the boot (3, 7). Elongation of the rachis internodes is associated with slightly elongated outer glumes and the deficiens (Vrs1.t) spike phenotype. Two modifiers, acr2 (see BGS 189) and acr3 (see BGS 241), apparently cause variable expression of the accordion trait in different genetic backgrounds. In crosses to Bowman, segregation for acr1 fit a three gene model based on DNA segments retained in the Bowman backcross-derived lines BW009 and BW439 (1, 3). Although the acr1 gene is apparently associated with the deficiens spike type, the large centromeric segment of 2H retained does not overlap the six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) locus (1). A pericentric inversion can not be eliminated as a possibility. Plants in the BW009 and BW439 lines were about 3/4 of normal height and peduncles were about 1/2 of normal length. The number of fertile rachis nodes was reduced by about 3 and heading was delayed by up to 4 days. Kernels appeared thinner and weighted about 10% less. Test weights were low and grain yield was about 3/4 of normal (3).

Origin of mutant:

A naturally occurring deviant (4) incorporated into several genetic stocks, acr1.a in Beaverlodge stock ACBV89B229 was used to study this locus (3, 7).

Mutational events:

acr1.a in ACBV89B229 (GSHO 1617) and ACBV89232 (GSHO 1573) (7).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

acr1.a in ACBV89B229 (GSHO 1617); acr1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*4 (GSHO 1899), in Bowman*7 (BW009, NGB 20417 and BW439, NGB 20671).

References:

2. Enns, H. 1961. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley using chromosomal interchanges and marker stocks. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Saskatchewan. pp. 70.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived lines of spring barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 24:63-70.

5. Haus, T.E. 1957. Inheritance of rachis internode length and an abnormal rachis type in barley. Dissertation Abstr. 49:179-180.

6. Nilan, R.A. 1964. The cytology and genetics of barley, 1951-1962. Monogr. Suppl. 3, Res. Stud. Vol. 32, No. 1. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

7. Wolfe, R.I. 1990. (Personal communications).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2002. Barley Genet. Newsl. 32:85.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:56-57.

BGS 146, Calcaroides-d, cal-d

Stock number:�� BGS 146

Locus name:�� Calcaroides-d

Locus symbol:�� cal-d

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (5, 6).

Located in chromosome 3H (7), near the centromere and near molecular marker CDO684 (7); associated with SNP markers 1_0672 to 2_1502 (positions 58.56 to 100.48 cM) in 3H of the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW106 (2), in 3H bin 06.

Description:

At the tip of the lemma proper, in a position corresponding to the transition between lemma and awn, cal-d mutants bear a well-organized ectopic structure, the sac (1, 7). Only the allele cal-d.22 does not produce pronounced lemma wings. The cal-d mutants bear a short distal awn (7). In contrast to the Kap1 (hooded lemma 1) phenotype, the sac does not develop into an epiphyllous flower. The cal-d alleles are associated with leaf curling also (7). The awn malformation of cal-d mutants is associated with developmental activation of the phytomeric triad separating the lemma from awn (4). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line for cal-d.4, BW106, were about 3/4 of normal height and headed one day later than Bowman. Awns were 1/2 and peduncles were 2/3 of normal length and leaf blades were slightly narrower. Kernels of BW106 were thin and weighted about 1/3 less than those of Bowman. Test weights were low and grain yields were less than 1/2 of normal (3).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Foma (CIho 11333) (6, 7).

Mutational events:

cal-d.4 (GSHO 1698, NGB 114284) in Foma (6); cal-d.14 (NGB 119381) in Kristina (NGB 1500), -d.18 (NGB 114297), -d.22 (NGB 114301, 114302) in Bonus (PI 189763) (5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cal-d.4 in Foma (NGB 114284, GSHO 1698); cal-d.4 in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 1875), in Bowman*7 (BW106, NGB 20512).

References:

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Franckowiak, J.D., B.P. Forster, U. Lundqvist, J. Lyon, I. Pitkethly, and W.T.B. Thomas. 2010. Developmental mutants as a guide to the barley phytomer. In S. Ceccarelli and S. Grando (eds.) Barley Genetics X. Proc. Tenth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Alexandria, Egypt, 2008.

5. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

6. Lundqvist, U. 1993 Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes. Barley Genet. Newsl. 22:137-139.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist� and J. D. Franckowiak. 2002. Barley Genet. Newsl. 32:95.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist� and J. D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:58-59.

BGS 150, Scirpoides leaf-b, scl-b

Stock number:�� BGS 150

Locus name:�� Scirpoides leaf-b

Locus symbol: �� scl-b

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Scirpoides leaf-5 = scl.5 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Probably located on chromosomes 3HL or 6HS (1), associated with SNP markers 2_0130 to 1_1172 (positions 151.97 to 190.87 cM) in 3HL and with SNP markers 1_0061 to 1_1205 (positions 70.15 to 82.43 cM) in 6HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW777 (1).

Description:

Leaf blades of scl-b plants are folded inward and are narrow compared to those of normal sibs. Folding of the leaf blade persists until maturity (2, 3). Plants of Bowman backcross-derived line BW777 were 15% shorter than Bowman, kernels were narrower and 15% lighter, and grain yields were about 25% lower (2). Plants of BW777 have inward folded leaf blades that are less than 2/3 as wide as those of Bowman (2). When grown in the greenhouse scl-b.5 plants had very narrow leaf blades that showed more inward folding than scl-a mutants. Also, the awns of spikes were often trapped by the collar of the flag leaf during spike emergence (2). A new locus symbol is recommended based on the morphological differences compared to scl-a mutants and the lack of SNP markers retained in chromosome 1HL (1, 2).

Origin of mutant:

A mutant was induced by UV-ray treatment of pollen grains of Bonus (PI 189763) (3).

Mutational events:

scl-b.5 in Bonus (NGB 117103) (3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

scl-b.5 in Bonus (NGB 117103), scl-b.5 in Bowman (PI 483237)*3 (BW777, NGB 20754).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:60.

BGS 155, Glossy leaf 1, glf1

Stock number:�� BGS 155

Locus name:�� Glossy leaf 1

Locus symbol:�� glf1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Waxless bloom on leaves = w1 (13).

Glossy = gl (11).

Glossy leaves = gl (18).

Glossy leaf = gl (17).

Glossy seedling 2 = gl2 (5, 11).

Eceriferum-zh = cer-zh (6).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (11).

Located in chromosome 4HL (5, 11, 14, 16); about 7.5 cM distal from the lbi2 (long basal rachis internode 2) locus and about 4.8 cM distal from the Mlg (Reg2, reaction to Erysiphe graminis 2) locus (2); associated with SNP markers 2_0820 to 1_0606 (positions 89.78 to 95.92 cM) in 4HL of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW385 (1), in 4H bin 06.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the leaf blade appears absent from the seedling stage to near maturity, and leaves have a shiny appearance (wax code ++ ++ -) (6). Plants are semidwarf, relatively weak, and late in heading. The stock in the Bonus is highly sterile (6), but the Bowman backcross-derived line has nearly complete fertility. The lack of surface waxes reduces the ability of growing germ tube of certain fungi to find the stomata openings (12). Plants of Bowman backcross-derived line BW385 were 5 to 15% shorter than Bowman and headed about 2 days later. Kernel weights were about 20% lower and grain yields were approximately 3/4 of normal (3).

Origin of mutant:

A radiation induced mutant in Himalaya (CIho 1312) (11, 15), an X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (6).

Mutational events:

glf1.a (GSHO 98), glf1.b (gl2, GSHO 22) in Himalaya (15); glf1.f in 34-119-1, glf1.g in II-34-199-7-2 (GSHO 89) (4); cer-zh.54 (NGB 110938, GSHO 455) in Bonus (6, 7); cer-zh.266 (NGB 111153), -zh.308 (NGB 111195), -zh.357 (NGB 111244, NGB 117254), -zh.366 (NGB 111253), -zh.432 (NGB 111320), -zh.433 (NGB 111321, NGB 117256) in Foma (CIho 11333) (7, 10); cer-zh.325 (NGB 111212) in Foma (7); cer-zh.373 (NGB 111260) in Foma (8); cer-zh.865 (NGB 111753) in Bonus (9); glf1.h (MXM137) in Morex (CIho 15773) based on phenotype and SNP markers retained in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW384 (1, 3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

glf1.a in Himalaya (GSHO 98); cer-zh.54 in Bonus (GSHO 455, NGB 110938) was used for allelism tests; glf1.a via R.I. Wolfe�s Chromosome 4 Multiple Recessive Marker Stock in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 2015, BW385, NGB 20623); cer-zh.54 in Bowman*3 (BW164, NGB 21996); glf1.h in Bowman*5 (BW384, NGB 22146).

References:

2. Forster, B.P. 1993. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 4. Barley Genet. Newsl. 22:75-77.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Haus, T.E., and T. Tsuchiya. 1972. Allelic relationships among glossy seedling mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:79-80.

5. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 28:419-440.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

8. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

9. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:92-96.

10. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

11. Robertson, D.W., and O.H. Coleman. 1942. Location of glossy and yellow leaf seedlings in two linkage groups. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 34:1028-1034.

12. Rubiales, D., M.C. Ramirez, T.L.W. Carver, and R.E. Niks. 2001. Abnormal germling development by brown rust and powdery mildew on cer barley mutants. Hereditas 135:271-276.

13. Smith, L. 1951. Cytology and genetics of barley. Bot. Rev. 17:1-55, 133-202, 285-355.

14. Tsuchiya, T. 1981. Revised linkage maps of barley. 1981. Barley Genet. Newsl. 11:96-98.

15. Tsuchiya, T., and T.E. Haus. 1973. Allelism testing in barley. I. Analysis of ten mapped genes. J. Hered. 64:282-284.

16. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1982. Chromosome mapping in barley by means of telotrisomic analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 61:201-208.

17. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K. Kasha. 1963. Recent barley mutants and their linkages II. Genetic data for further mutants. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 5:200-219.

18. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.

Prepared:

T.E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:141 as BGS 155, Glossy seedling, gl; and Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:145 as BGS 159, Glossy seedling 2, gl2.

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:144 as BGS 426, Eceriferum-zh, cer-zh.

Revised:

T. Tsuchiya. 1980. Barley Genet. Newsl. 10:114 as BGS 155, Glossy seedling, gl; and Barley Genet. Newsl. 10:116 as BGS 159, Glossy seedling 2, gl2.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:181-182.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2007. Barley Genet. Newsl. 37:233-234.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:61-62.

BGS 186, Slender dwarf 3, sld3

Stock number:�� BGS 186

Locus name:�� Slender dwarf 3

Locus symbol: �� sld3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Anthocyanin-free = ant-567 (6).

Proanthocyanidin-free 17.567 = ant17.567 (5).

Slender dwarf e = sld.e (4).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Located in chromosome 4HS (3), based on linkage drag with the int-c (intermedium spike-c) locus (3); associated SNP markers 1_0208 to 2_0777 (positions 5.24 to 40.15 cM) in 4HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW863 (1).

Description:

The mutant gene sld3.e was isolated as a second mutant in the stock ant17.567 (proanthocyanidin-free 17) (2). Plants show reduced vigor and are about 3/4 normal height. The number of spikelets per spike is about 3/4 that of normal sibs and kernels are slightly smaller. Rachis internodes can be slightly longer and grain yields are about 3/4 of normal. The Bowman backcross-derived line BW863 for sld3.e did not show a reduction in anthocyanin pigmentation or a large reduction in kernel size (2). Plants of BW863 were about 10% shorter than Bowman and peduncles were about 20% shorter. Rachis nodes were slightly longer and kernels per spike can be reduced up to 20% in some environments. Kernels were slightly shorter and thinner than those of Bowman and seed weights were 10 to 15% less. Grain yields were slightly reduced compared to those of Bowman (2).

Origin of mutant:

A sodium azide induced mutant isolated with ant-567 in Manker (CIho 15549) (6).

Mutational events:

sld3.e in ant17.567 as a mutant stock from Manker (DWS1050) (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

sld3.e in Bowman/ant17.567 (GSHO 2480); sld3.e in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1998, BW863, NGB 22300).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived lines of spring barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 24:63-70.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. 1999. Coordinator�s report: Semidwarf genes. Barley Genet. Newsl. 29:74-79.

5 Jende-Strid, B. 1988. Coordinator's report: Anthocyanin genes. Stock list of ant mutants kept at the Carlsberg Laboratory. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:74-79.

6. Ullrich, S.E. 1983. (Personal communications).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2002. Barley Genet. Newsl. 32:101.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2007. Barley Genet. Newsl. 37:243.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:63-64.

BGS 189, Accordion rachis 2, Acr2

Stock number:�� BGS 189

Locus name:�� Accordion rachis 2

Locus symbol: �� Acr2

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Lax spike = lax (4, 9, 11).

Accordion rachis = acr (7, 9, 12).

Accordion rachis 1 = acr1.a (6).

Accordion rachis b and c = acr.b, acr.c (3, 5).

Laxatum spike stocks = Lax.aa, Lax.ab, Lax.am, lax.ao, (5, 12).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial incomplete dominant for lax spike, one of three factors required for expression of accordion rachis trait (5, 12).

Located in chromosome 4HL; associated with SNP markers 1_0123 to 2_1018 (positions 158.82 to 183.54 cM) in 4HL of the Bowman backcross-derived lines BW445; Bowman backcross-derived lines BW007, BW008, BW009, BW439, BW444, and BW456 have identical heterogeneous SNP markers in 4HL, but their segments from the donor parent are longer than those of BW445 (3), in 4H bin 11 or 12.

Description:

Rachis internodes are elongated and kernels appear longer than normal. The Acr2 gene is in the second of three chromosomal regions associated with expression of the accordion rachis trait in Bowman backcross-derived lines BW009 and BW439. The long rachis internode trait was specifically added to the original accordion rachis stock by R.I. Wolfe (12). Characteristics associated with variants at the Acr2 locus are difficult to determine because only the Bowman backcross-derived line BW444 (Lax.aa or Acr2.aa) did not have more than one chromosome segment from its donor parent (3). Rachis internodes of BW444 plants were about 30% longer, 4.6 vs. 3.5 mm, than those of Bowman. Leaf blades were slightly longer and wider. Kernels were slightly longer and heavier, 61 vs. 58 mg. Grain yields were equal or slightly more than those of Bowman. The donor parent (FN280) of the BW444 line traces to the lines developed by M.L. Martini and H.V. Harlan (8) in Idaho via crosses to six-rowed barley made by D.C. Rasmusson (10). The Bowman backcross-derived lines BW007 (Acr2.b2) and BW008 (Acr2.c2) had the identical segment of chromosome 4HL plus a 1H segment retained from their donor parents; however, the 1H segments in these lines differed for SNP marker patterns (3). The Bowman lines BW007 and BW008 were 10 to 15% taller than Bowman. The rachis internodes of BW007 were about 25% longer than those of Bowman, 4.7 vs. 3.7 mm., Burma Girl (GSHO 1071, Acr2.b2), the original stock for BW007, has several sterile rachis nodes at the base of the spike before spikelet development is initiated (4). BW007 had kernel weights that varied across experiments from smaller to slightly larger than those of Bowman. The rachis internodes of BW008 were nearly twice as long as those of Bowman, 6.8 vs. 3.7 mm, but they did not show the accordion-like bending associated with the accordion phenotype. Kernels of the BW008 line were slightly longer and heavier than those of Bowman (5). Two other Bowman backcross-derived lines, BW439 and BW456, have the 4HL SNP pattern associated with the Acr2 locus. Both originate from the same donor stock AB1398 (GSHO 1115) from Aberdeen, Idaho and are assigned the gene symbol Acr2.am. BW456 was selected based on lax spikes while BW439 was selected based on tall plants (5).

Origin of mutant:

A naturally occurring deviant possibly in Long Rachis Internode (CIho 6164), developed by M.L. Martini and H.V. Harlan (8), or Burma Girl (CIho 14831), donated to the USDA Small Grains Collection by G.A. Wiebe. The Acr2 gene has been incorporated into several genetic stocks from that source.

Mutational events:

Acr2.b2 in Burma Girl (CIho 14831, GSHO 1071) (5, 12); Acr2.aa in FN280 (GSHO 1572) (5, 10); Acr2.a2 in ACBV89B229 (GSHO 1617) and Acr2.ab from ACBV89B232 (GSHO 1573) (12); Acr2.c2 in T188 (GSHO 1480) from R.W. Woodward (2); Acr2.am in AB 1398 [GSHO 1115, likely CIho 14785 from G.A. Wiebe (1)]; all alleles may have been derived from one stock (3, 5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

Acr2.aa in FN280 (GSHO 1572), Acr2.b2 in Burma Girl (GSHO 1071), Acr2.a2 in ACBV89B229 (GSHO 1617); Acr2.c2 in T188 (GSHO 1480); Acr2.am in AB 1398 (GSHO 1115); Acr2.a2 from ACBV89229 in Bowman*4 (GSHO 1899), in Bowman*7 (BW009, NGB 20417 and BW439, NGB 20671); Acr2.aa from FN280 in Bowman*4 (GSHO 2276), in Bowman*5 (BW444, NGB 20676); Acr2.ab from ACBV89B232 (GSHO 1573) in Bowman*4 (GSHO 2277), in Bowman*6 (BW445, NGB 20677); Acr2.b2 from Burma Girl in Bowman *2 (GSHO 1898), in Bowman*5 (BW007, NGB 20415); Acr2.c2 from T188 in Bowman*6 (BW008, NGB 20416); Acr2.am from AB 1398 in Bowman*4 (BW456, NGB 20688).

References:

1. Bockelman, H. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/acc/display.pl?1068768.

2. Doney, D.L. 1961. An inheritance and linkage study of barley with special emphasis on purple pigmentation of the auricle. M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ., Logan.

3. Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010. Genetic dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

4. Enns, H. 1961. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley using chromosomal interchanges and marker stocks. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Saskatchewan. pp. 70.

5. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

6. Franckowiak J.D. 2001. BGS 97, Accordion rachis 1, acr1. Barley Genet. Newsl. 32:85.

7. Haus, T.E. 1957. Inheritance of rachis internode length and an abnormal rachis type in barley. Dissertation Abstr. 49:179-180.

8. Martini, M.L., and H.V. Harlan. 1942. Barley freaks. J. Hered. 33:339-342.

9. Nilan, R.A. 1964. The cytology and genetics of barley, 1951-1962. Monogr. Suppl. 3, Res. Stud. Vol. 32, No. 1. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

10. Rasmusson, D.C. (Personal communications).

11. Smith, L. 1951. Cytology and genetics of barley. Bot. Rev. 17:1-55, 133-202, 285-355.

12. Wolfe, R.I. 1990. (Personal communications).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:65-66.

BGS 190, Thick filament 1, tfm1

Stock number:�� BGS 190

Locus name:�� Thick filament 1 (male sterile genetic)

Locus symbol:�� tfm1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Located in chromosome 1HL (1); associated with SNP markers 2_0603 to 2_0915 (positions 199.04 to 202.94 cM) in 1HL of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW877 (1), in 1H bin 14.

Description:

The filaments supporting the anthers are much thicker (sheath-like) than normal, having a stalk-like appearance and a light green color. Since the filaments do not elongate, the mutant plants are largely male-sterile. Pollen fertility is apparently normal because mutant segregates will set a few seeds. Besides very poor seed, tfm1 plants in Bowman backcross-derived line BW877 appeared normal (2).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in the Volla (PI 280423) induced mutant 7060 backcrossed twice to Bowman (PI 483237) (2).

Mutational events:

tfm1.a in 7060/2*Bowman from Volla (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

tfm1.a from Volla (7060/2*Bowman), in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (BW877, NGB 22311).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:67.

BGS 191, Chlorina seedling 17, fch17

Stock number:�� BGS 191

Locus name:�� Chlorina seedling 17

Locus symbol:�� fch17

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Very yellow 3 = vy3 (3).

Chlorina seedling vy = fch.vy (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Located in chromosomes 1HL or 3HL (1), associated with SNP markers 1_0830 to 2_0940 (positions 130.68 to about 179 cM) in 1HL and SNP markers 2_0130 to 1_0343 (positions 151.97 to 255.13 cM) in 3HL of the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW344 (1).

Description:

Seedlings are pale yellow with a slight mottled type streaking and vigor is poor. The second leaf blade is chlorotic with the tip gradually turning green. Mature plants are normal green and have apparently normal vigor (3). In the Bowman backcross-derived line BW344, heading date was delayed by about 9 days compared to Bowman and grain yields were 50 to 70% of normal. Other morphological traits of BW344 plants were similar to those of Bowman (2). A new gene symbol is assigned to the vy3 mutant because no other chlorina mutant with a similar phenotype, except fch7, is associated with either 1HL or 3HL (1, 2).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in Himalaya X Ingrescens (GSHO 681) (3).

Mutational events:

fch17.vy (E 37-517, NSL 30243, GSHO 1079) in Himalaya X Ingrescens (2, 3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

fch17.vy from Himalaya X Ingrescens (GSHO 1079) in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (BW344, NGB 22139).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Hang, A. 1995. List of genetic stocks in barley arranged in numerical order of BGS (Barley Genetic Stock) numbers. USDA-ARS National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, Aberdeen, ID 83210. (Notes from T. Tsuchiya on the collection of barley genetic stocks at Colorado State University and see Tsuchiya T. 1984. List of genetic stocks with BGS numbers. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:100-139.)

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:68.

BGS 203, Black lemma and pericarp 1, Blp1

Stock number:�� BGS 203

Locus name:�� Black lemma and pericarp 1

Locus symbol:�� Blp1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Black lemma and caryopsis = B (8).

Black pericarp = Bk (1).

Black lemma and pericarp = B (9).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial dominant (1, 6, 8).

Located in chromosome 1HL (5, 7), about 16.0 cM proximal from the trd1 (third outer glume 1) locus (5); about 8.8 cM proximal from RFLP marker ABC261 in 1H bin 13 (2); associated with SNP markers 2_0959 to 2_0603 (positions 173.49 to 199.04 cM) in 1HL of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW062 and SNP marker 2_0940 (about position 179 cM) in 1HL of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW060 (3), in 1H bin 13.

Description:

Black pigmentation of the lemma and pericarp develops slightly before maturation of the spike. Pigmented organs may include all parts of the spike, awns, the upper portion of the stem, and upper leaves. The intensity of pigmentation associated with each of the dominant alleles at the Blp1 locus is characteristic of that allele, and is relatively stable over environments (9). Black seed is produced by melanin-like pigment in the pericarp (1). Woodward (9) reports that the dominance ranking of alleles at the Blp1 locus is related to the intensity of black pigmentation they confer, with the Blp1.b (B) allele conferring extreme black pigmentation. The Blp1.mb (B^mb) allele is associated with medium black and a reduced distribution pattern; and the Blp1.g (B^g) allele is associated with light black or gray coloration (9, 10). In the Bowman backcross-derived lines for the Blp1 locus, BW060 and BW062, the expression of other morphological traits appeared similar to those of Bowman (4).

Origin of mutant:

Natural occurrence in several cultivars (8, 9).

Mutational events:

Blp1.b (B) in Hordeum distichon var nigrinudum No 1 (GSHO 988) (9); Blp1.mb (B^mb) in CIho 2970 (GSHO 226) (9); Blp1.g (B^g) in Blackhull (CIho 878, GSHO 199) and Black Smyrna (CIho 191, GSHO 222) (9).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

Blp1.b in Hordeum distichon var nigrinudum No 1 (GSHO 988); Blp1.b from R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock (GSHO 1580) in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 2054, BW062, NGB 20470); likely Blp1.g from a Composite Cross in Bowman *5 (BW060, NGB 20468).

References:

1. Buckley, G.F.H. 1930. Inheritance in barley with special reference to the color of the caryopsis and lemma. Sci. Agric. 10:460-492.

2. Costa, J.M., A. Corey, M. Hayes, C. Jobet, A. Kleinhofs, A. Kopisch-Obusch, S.F. Kramer, D. Kudrna, M. Li, O. Piera-Lizaragu, K. Sato, P. Szues, T. Toojinda, M.I. Vales, and R.I. Wolfe. 2001. Molecular mapping of the Oregon Wolfe Barleys: a phenotypically polymorphic doubled-haploid population. Theor. Appl. Genet. 103:415-424.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

5. Ivanova, K.V. 1937. A new character in barley "third outer glume" � Its inheritance and linkage with color of the flowering glumes. Bull. Appl. Bot., Genet., & Pl. Breed. II. 7:339-353.

6. Robertson, D.W. 1929. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 14:1-36.

7. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, R.G. Shands, and A. Hagberg. 1965. A summary of linkage studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement III, 1954-1963. Crop Sci. 5:33-43.

8 Tschermak, E. von. 1901. �ber Z�chtung neuer Getreiderassen mittelst k�nstlicher Kreuzung. Kritisch-historische Betrachtungen. Zeitschrift f�r das landwirtschaftliche Versuchswesen Oesterreich 4:1029-1060.

9. Woodward, R.W. 1941. Inheritance of melanin-like pigment in the glumes and caryopses of barley. J. Agric. Res. 63:21-28.

10. Woodward, R.W. 1942. Linkage relationships between the allelomorphic series, B, B^mb, B^g, and A_ta_t factors in barley. J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 34:659-661.

Prepared:

T.E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:148.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:209.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2007: Barley Genet. Newsl. 37:245-246.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:69-70.

BGS 220, Chlorina seedling 3, fch3

Stock number:�� BGS 220

Locus name:�� Chlorina seedling 3

Locus symbol:�� fch3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Chlorina seedling 3 = f3 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3, 4).

Located in chromosome 1HS (4, 5, 6, 7), near the tip of 1HS associated with SNP markers 2_0479 to 3_0969 (at position 0.0 cM) in 1HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW359 (1), in 1H bin 01.

Description:

Seedlings have bright yellow leaves, which gradually change color to a light green as the plant grows. Plants are vigorous, but remain chlorina or light green until maturity. Plants expressing the fch3.d gene can be distinguished readily from normal plants at all stages of growth (3, 4). Heading of plants in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW359 was delayed by 5 to 8 days, plants were about 3/4 of normal height, seeds were 10 to 20% lighter, and seed yields were less than 1/2 of normal (2).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in an unknown six-rowed cultivar (3).

Mutational events:

fch3.d in an unknown cultivar (Minn 89-4, GSHO 851) (3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

fch3.d in an unknown cultivar (GSHO 851); fch3.d in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 2033); fch3.d in Bowman*7 (BW359, NGB 20598).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 28:419-440.

4. Shahla, A., and T. Tsuchiya. 1978. Trisomic analysis of the gene f3 for chlorina 3. Barley Genet. Newsl. 8:89-90.

5. Shahla, A., and T. Tsuchiya. 1984. Genetic studies with acrotrisomic 5S5L in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:9-11.

6. Shahla, A., and T. Tsuchiya. 1985. Further information in telotrisomic analysis in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:26-27.

7. Wang, S. 1995. Association of the chlorina gene f3 with chromosome arm 5S in barley. Heredity 86:151-152.

Prepared:

A. Shahla and T. Tsuchiya. 1979. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:132.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:218.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:71.

BGS 223, Zebra stripe 3, Zeb3

Stock number:�� BGS 223

Locus name:�� Zebra stripe 3

Locus symbol:�� Zeb3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Zoned leaf c = zb_c (2, 4, 5, 6, 9).

Zebra stripe c = zb_c (6, 7).

Zoned leaf c2 = zb_c2 (2, 4, 5).

Zebra stripe c2 = zb_c2 (6).

Zebra stripe 3 = zb3 (7).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial incomplete dominant (2, 8, 9).

Located in chromosome 1HL (2, 4); associated with SNP markers 1_0275 to 2_0997 (positions 63.72 to 89.01 cM) in 1H of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcross-derived line BW932 (1), in 1H bin 08.

Description:

Early leaves of homozygous plants have bright yellow bands across a light yellow background when grown under alternating temperatures, warm day and cool night (2). Later leaves have patches of bright yellow. Cool temperatures enhance the yellow banding while warm temperatures increase green pigments. Under very cold conditions, leaves become yellowish white and deteriorate. Heterozygotes have slightly pale green color compared to normal plants (2). The Zeb3.c gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock because seed production on mutant plants is rare.

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant from the collection of genetic stocks maintained by Woodward (2, 5).

Mutational events:

Zeb3.c (GSHO 1451) in an unknown cultivar (Utah 41, Alb Acc 43) (2, 3 ,5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

Zeb3.c in Utah 41 (GSHO 1451); Zeb3.c in Bowman (PI 483237)*3 (GSHO 2057), in Bowman*7 (BW932, NGB 22361).

References:

2. Furst, E., and T. Tsuchiya. 1983. Primary trisomic analysis of three mutant genes in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 13:44-46.

3. Kasha, K.J., and G.W. Walker. 1960. Several recent barley mutants and their linkages. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 2:397-415.

4. Shahla, A., and T. Tsuchiya. 1984. Additional information on the association of zb_c2 for zoned leaf with chromosome 5. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:10-11.

5. Tsuchiya, T. 1975. Allelic relationships of some morphological and chlorophyll mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:64-67.

6. Tsuchiya, T. 1983. Proposed new gene symbol for two different mutant types for zebra Colorado, or zoned leaf. Barley Genet. Newsl. 13:84.

7. Tsuchiya, T. 1984. Zebra striped leaves: Problems in gene and stock designation and proposed new symbols for zoned or zebra mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:21-24.

8. Tsuchiya, T., and R. Baldivia. 1981. Primary trisomic analysis of an incomplete dominant zebra mutant, zb_c, in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 11:63-64.

9. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.

Prepared:

T. Tsuchiya and A. Shahla. 1984. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:94 as BGS 223, Zoned leaf 3 or zebra striped leaf 3.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:221.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:72-73.

BGS 224, Erectoides-b, ert-b

Stock number:�� BGS 224

Locus name:�� Erectoides-b

Locus symbol:�� ert-b

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Erectoides-2 = ert-2 (3, 5).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3, 4).

Located in chromosome 1HL (9, 10, 11, 12, 13); slightly distal from the cer-e (eceriferum-e) locus (6, 13, 14); about 19.3 cM proximal from the nec1 (necrotic leaf spot 1) locus (7); associated with SNP markers 1_0259 to 1_0520 (positions 70.78 to 82.35 cM) in 1HL of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW304 (1), likely in 1H bin 08.

Description:

Spikes have a compact appearance caused by a reduction in rachis internode length with rachis internode length values from 1.9 to 2.3 mm. Culms are shorter than those of parental cultivars (12). GA₃ treatment of plants as the flag leaf emerges decreased spike density (15). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line had slightly shortened peduncles and were about 5/6 of normal height. Rachis internode lengths were 2.9 vs. 3.7 mm. Kernels were slightly shorter and wider and weights were often about 10% higher. Grain yields were about 3/4 of normal (2).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Gull (CIho 1145, GSHO 466) (3, 4, 5).

Mutational events:

ert-b.2 (NGB 112606, GSHO 470), -b.4 (NGB 112607), -b.5 (NGB 112608), -b.9 (NGB 112611) in Gull (4); ert-b.128 (NGB 112727), -b.151 (NGB 112750) in Bonus (PI 189763) (12); ert-b.174 (NGB 112775) in Bonus, -b.333 (NGB 112848) in Foma (CIho 11333) (8); ert-b.354 (NGB 112870), -b.394 (NGB 112911) in Foma (12).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

ert-b.2 in Gull (GSHO 470, NGB 112606); ert-b.2 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2049, BW304, NGB 20586).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Gustafsson, �. 1947. Mutations in agricultural plants. Hereditas 33:1-100.

4. Hagberg, A., �. Gustafsson, and L. Ehrenberg. 1958. Sparsely contra densely ionizing radiations and the origin of erectoid mutants in barley. Hereditas 44:523-530.

5. Hagberg, A., N. Nybom, and �. Gustafsson. 1952. Allelism of erectoides mutations in barley. Hereditas 38:510-512.

6. Jensen, J. 1974. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 5. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:102-106.

7. Jensen. J. 1981. Location of the high-lysine locus Lys4d on barley chromosome 5. Barley Genet. Newsl. 11:45-47.

8. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

9. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.

10. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley II. Hereditas 63:1-28.

11. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1965. Localization of nine induced mutations in the barley chromosomes. Barley Newsl. 8:52-54.

12. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants. Hereditas 61:115-178.

13. S�gaard, B. 1971. Linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:41-47.

14. S�gaard, B. 1973. Continued linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:57-61.

15. Stoy, V., and A. Hagberg. 1967. Effects of growth regulators on ear density mutants in barley. Hereditas 58:359-384.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:222.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:74-75.

BGS 225, Curled leaf dwarf 1, clh1

Stock number:�� BGS 225

Locus name:�� Curled leaf dwarf 1

Locus symbol:�� clh1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (4).

Located in chromosome 7HL or 5HL (1), based on SNP markers retained in Bowman backcross-derived line BW182 with SNP markers 1_1243 to 2_0365 (positions 167.56 to 229.66 cM) in 7HL and SNP markers 1_1456 to 2_1177 (positions 195.82 to 203.85 cM) in 5HL (1); previously located in chromosome 1HL (3, 4), about 7.0 cM from the msg1 (male sterile genetic 1) locus (4);

Description:

Leaf blades are erect, narrow and folded inward and appear thicker than normal. Plants show reduced vigor, fertility, and height (3/4 of normal) when grown in the greenhouse; further reduction in vigor and fertility is observed when mutants are grown in the field. Spikes emerge poorly from the boot (2). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW182 were 30 to 40% shorter than Bowman. Kernels were slightly thinner and were about 2/3 normal weight. Plants produced very little grain (2).

Origin of mutant:

A neutron induced mutant in Hannchen (PI 10585) (4).

Mutational events:

clh1.a (GSHO 1212) in Hannchen (4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

clh1.a in Hannchen (GSHO 1212); clh1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*2 (GSHO 2051), in Bowman*5 (BW182, NGB 22014).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Kasha, K.J. 1977. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 6. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:89-90.

4. Ramage, R.T. 1962. Genetic and cytogenetic studies of barley. Barley Newsl. 6:67.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:223.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:76.

BGS 226, Revoluted leaf 1, rvl1

Stock number:�� BGS 226

Locus name:�� Revoluted leaf 1

Locus symbol:�� rvl1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Located in chromosome 1HL (2, 4), proximal from the trd1 (third outer glume 1) locus, and distal from the abo1 (albino seedling 1) locus (2); associated with SNP markers 1_0764 to 1_1006 (positions 61.55 to 110.10 cM) in 1H of the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW763 (1), in 1H bins 08 to 10.

Description:

Tips of young leaf blades tend to roll into a tube through a counter-clockwise spiral, compared to flat surfaces of the control. Segregates can be scored from the three-leaf stage until near maturity (2). Mutant plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW763 were 75 to 90% of normal height and peduncle lengths varied from slightly reduced to 2/3 of normal. Kernel weights were slightly lower and grain yields approached normal (3).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Hakata 2 (OUJ807, PI 263407) (2).

Mutational events:

rvl1.a in Hakata 2 (Kmut 103, GSHO 608) (2, 4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

rvl1.a in Hakata 2 (GSHO 608); rvl1.a from Hakata 2 in Bowman (PI 483237)*1 (GSHO 2319, in Bowman*5 (BW763, NGB 22231).

References:

1 Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010, Genetic Dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

2. Fedak, G., T. Tsuchiya, and S.B. Helgason. 1972. Use of monotelotrisomics for linkage mapping in barley. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 14:949-957.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Tsuchiya, T., and R.L. Haines. 1975. Trisomic analysis of nine mutant genes in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:67-69.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:224.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:77.

BGS 227, Small lateral spikelet 1, sls1

Stock number:�� BGS 227

Locus name:�� Small lateral spikelet 1

Locus symbol:�� sls1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosome 1HL (3), closely linked to the msg1 (male sterile genetic 1) locus (3); associated with SNP markers 1_0933 to 3_0343 (positions 82.35 to 87.19 cM) in 1HL) of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW867 (1), in 1H bin 08.

Description:

Sterile lateral spikelets become progressively smaller toward the tip of two-rowed spikes in plants, which express the Vrs1.b and int-c.b alleles at the six-rowed spike 1 and intermedium spike-c loci, respectively. The terminal rachis nodes generally have rudimentary lateral spikelets. Expression of the sls1 is affected by genetic background, but express is often stronger in late tillers. The trait can be observed only in two-rowed segregates from crosses between six- and two-rowed cultivars. No significant differences in agronomic traits were observed between backcross-derived BW867 and Bowman, but kernels tended to be wider and heavier and test weights are slightly higher (2).

Origin of mutant:

Natural occurrence in six-rowed cultivars derived from Manchurian introductions, but it can not be observed visually in six-rowed barley cultivars.

Mutational events:

sls1.a in MSS005 [msg1.ca from CIho 5368 in Betzes (PI 129430)*11 (GSHO 1810)], sls1.a (GSHO 2492) in Morex (CIho 15773).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

sls1.a in Morex (CIho 15773, GSHO 2492); sls1.a from MSS005 in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 2034, BW867, NGB 22304).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived lines of spring barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 24:63-70.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:225.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:78.

BGS 228, Subcrown internode length 1, Sil1

Stock number:�� BGS 228

Locus name:�� Subcrown internode length 1

Locus symbol:�� Sil1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial incomplete dominant (1).

Located in chromosome 1H (4), based on linkage drag with the sls1 (small lateral spikelet 1) locus (4); associated with SNP markers 1_0259 to 1_0890 (positions 70.78 to 110.10 cM) in the 1H centromeric region of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW852 (2), in 1H bin 08 or 09.

Description:

Plants have relatively short subcrown internodes, 0.0 to 1.0 cm, when planted 9 cm deep in vermiculite. Planting depth and subcrown internode length determine the position of the crown in relation to the soil surface (1). Plants with a deeper crown placement show higher levels of winter survival (5). In generating the Bowman backcross-derived line, the Sil1 gene showed a dominant inheritance pattern. No other morphological effects for the Sil1.a gene were noted in Bowman backcross-derived line BW852 (3).

Origin of mutant:

Natural occurrence in NE 62203 (CIho 15542), a selection of unknown origin (1).

Mutational events:

Sil1.a (GSHO 1604) in winter barley NE 62203 (1).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

Sil1.a in NE 62203 (GSHO 1604); Sil1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2032), Sil1.a in Bowman*7 (BW852, NGB 22289).

References:

1. Dofing, S.M., and J.W. Schmidt. 1984. Inheritance of subcrown internode length in a winter barley cross. Crop Sci. 24:692-694.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived lines of spring barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 24:63-70.

5. Kail, R.M., B.J. Kalp, and K.E. Bohenenblust. 1972. Influence of temperature on crown depth development of winter barley. Crop Sci. 12:872-874.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:226.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:79.

BGS 232, High lysine 4, Lys4

Stock number:�� BGS 232

Locus name:�� High lysine 4

Locus symbol:�� Lys4

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Shrunken endosperm xenia 5 = sex5g (8).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial incomplete dominant (1, 5).

Located in chromosome 1HS (5, 6, 8), over 35.1 cM distal from the ert-b (erectoides-b) locus (6); associated with SNP markers 2_0373 to 1_0744 (positions 0.0 to 39.84 cM) in 1HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW497 (3), in 1H bins 01 to 03.

Description:

At the hard dough stage, kernels homozygous for the Lys4.d gene develop a depression near the center of the lemma, which becomes progressively more distinct as the kernels mature. Grain produced by mutant plants has a 9% increase in lysine content (1, 2). Shrunken endosperm has a pleiotropic association with the high lysine gene Lys4.d (5). Kernels heterozygous at the Lys4 locus may develop a slightly less distinct depression on the dorsal side (5). Maintenance of Lys4.d stocks may be difficult because outcrosses are not recognized easily. Plants of Bowman backcross-derived line BW497 were slightly shorter and kernel weights and grain yields were about 2/3 of normal (4).

Origin of mutant:

An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Bomi (PI 43371) (2).

Mutational events:

Lys4.d in Bomi (Ris� 8, GSHO 2475) (1, 2, 7).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

Lys4.d in Bomi (GSHO 2475); Lys4.d in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2035, BW497, NGB 20725).

References:

1. Doll, H. 1976. Genetic studies of high lysine barley mutants. p. 542-546. In H. Gaul (ed.) Barley Genetics III. Proc. Third Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Garching, 1975. Verlag Karl Thiemig, M�nchen.

2. Doll, H., B. K�ie, and P.O. Eggum. 1974. Induced high-lysine mutants in barley. Radiat. Bot. 14:73-80.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

5. Jensen, J. 1979. Chromosomal location of one dominant and four recessive high-lysine genes in barley mutants. Vol. 1. p. 89-96. In Seed Protein Improvement in Cereals and Grain Legumes. Proc. Int. Symp., Neuherberg, Germany, 1978. Int. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.

6. Jensen, J. 1981. Location of the high-lysine locus Lys4d on barley chromosome 5. Barley Genet. Newsl. 11:45-47.

7. Jensen, J., and H. Doll. 1979. Gene symbols for barley high-lysine mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:33-37.

8. Ullrich, S.E., and R.F. Eslick. 1978. Chromosome location evidence for Ris� induced high lysine shrunken endosperm mutants of barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 8:114-125.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:230.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:80-81.

BGS 238, Breviaristatum-t, ari-t

Stock number:�� BGS 238

Locus name:�� Breviaristatum-t

Locus symbol:�� ari-t

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Breviaristatum-25 = ari-25 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2, 4).

Located in chromosome 1H (1); associated with SNP markers between 1_0744 to 1_1326 (positions 39.84 to 82.35 cM) in 1H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW032 (1), in 1H bins 05 to 08.

Description:

The awns of ari-t plants are 2/3 of normal length and slightly curly. Peduncles are coiled and less than half normal length and plants are 1/2 to 2/3 normal height (4, 5). In the Bowman backcross-derived line BW032, leaf blades were shorter and narrower than those of Bowman. Kernels were shorter and narrower, seed weights were about 20% lower, and seed yields were about 1/4 of normal (2). A locus name was assigned based on the unique phenotype and lack of other breviaristatum mutants located in 1H.

Origin of mutant:

An ethylene oxide induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (4, 5).

Mutational events:

ari-t.25 (NGB 115673) in Bonus (PI 189763, NGB 14657) (5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

ari-t.25 in Bonus (NGB 115673); ari-t.25 in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (BW032, NGB 20440).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Gustafsson, �, A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

4. Kucera, J., U. Lundqvist, and �. Gustafsson. 1975. Inheritance of breviaristatum mutants in barley. Hereditas 80:263-278.

5. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:82.

BGS 239, Scirpoides-b, sci-b

Stock number:�� BGS 239

Locus name:�� Scirpoides-b

Locus symbol:�� sci-b

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Scirpoides-1 = sci-4 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Located in chromosomes 1H or 6H (1), based on SNP markers retained in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW771 with markers between 1_0259 to 2_0780 (positions 70.78 to 154.89 cM) in 1H and between 1_0061 and 2_0118 (positions 70.15 to 156.09 cM) in 6H (1).

Description:

Plants expressing the sci-b gene have narrow leaves and lower leaf blades are folded inward (4). In the Bowman backcross-derived line BW771, rachis internodes were slightly elongated. Plant heights were 2/3 to almost normal, kernels were slightly smaller and lighter, and seed yields were about 3/4 of normal (2). Based on differences in morphology compared to the sci-a (scirpoides-a) mutants and different chromosomal segments retained in their Bowman backcross-derived lines (1), a new locus name is suggested.

Origin of mutant:

A neutron induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).

Mutational events:

sci-b.4 (NGB 117099) in Bonus (4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

sci-b.4 in Bonus (NGB 117099), sci-b.4 in Bowman (PI 483237)*2 (BW771, NGB 22239).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

4. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl 40:83.

BGS 240, Semidwarf 6, sdw6

Stock number:�� BGS 240

Locus name:�� Semidwarf 6

Locus symbol:�� sdw6

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Semidwarf f = sdw.f (2).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (4).

Location in chromosomes 1H or 7H (1), based on SNP markers retained in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW806 with markers between 1_0764 to 1_0075 (positions 61.55 to 82.35 cM) in 1H and between 2_1270 and 1_1219 (positions 93.97 to 107.44 cM) in 7H (1).

Description:

Plants with the sdw6.f gene are 10 to 20% shorter than normal sibs in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW806. Kernels were slightly shorter and were 10 to 20% lighter. The number of kernels per spike was slightly reduced. Grain yields were about 3/4 of normal and test weights were slightly lower. Based on the heterogeneous marker positions in line BW806, sdw6.f is not an allele at any of the previously named semidwarf loci (1, 2).

Origin of mutant:

An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Vada (PI 243182) isolated as Betina (PI 362200) by Institute de la Recherche Agronomique, Versailles, Yvelines, France; released as a cultivar in 1970 (3, 4).

Mutational events:

sdw6.f (GSHO 2449, Betina) in Vada (3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

sdw6.f (GSHO 2449) in Vada; sdw6.f in Bowman (PI 483237)*4 (GSHO 2331), in Bowman*5 (BW806, NGB 20783).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Sigurbj�rnsson, B., and A. Micke. 1974. Philosophy and accomplishments of mutation breeding. pp. 303-343. In: Polyploidy and Induced Mutations in Plant Breeding. IAEA, Vienna.

4. USDA, GRIN. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/acc/display.pl?1270981.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:84.

BGS 241, Accordion rachis 3, Acr3

Stock number:�� BGS 241

Locus name:�� Accordion rachis 3

Locus symbol: �� Acr3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Lax spike = Lax (7, 8).

Accordion rachis = acr (6).

Accordion rachis c = acr.c (4).

Accordion rachis 1 = acr1.a (5).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial incomplete dominant for lax spike, the third factor required for expression of accordion rachis 1 (acr1) trait (3, 4).

Located in chromosome 1HL (3), associated with SNP markers 2_1357 to 2_0997 (positions 76.96 to 94.86 cM) in 1HL of the Bowman backcross-derived lines BW009 and BW439 (3), likely in 1H bin 08. Bowman lines BW007, BW009, BW438 and BW456 contain longer overlapping segments of variable length and SNP marker patterns in 1H (3).

Description:

Plants have slightly elongated rachis internodes (1). The Acr3 gene is in the third chromosomal region associated with expression of the accordion rachis trait in Bowman backcross derived lines BW009 and BW439. The contribution of the 1HL region to characteristics of the accordion phenotype is unknown. Only the line BW438 (Lax.an or Acr3.an) has a 1HL donor chromosome segment in a line lacking both the 2H and 4HL segments identified as containing the acr1 (see BGS 097) and Acr2 (see BGS 189) genes, respectively. Plants of the Bowman derived line BW438 were taller than Bowman and had slightly longer rachis internodes (4).

Origin of mutant:

A naturally occurring deviant for lax spike from several sources (3, 4).

Mutational events:

Acr3.a3 in ACBV89B229 (GSHO 1617) and ACBV89B232 (GSHO 1573) (3, 9); Acr3.b3 in Burma Girl (CIho 14831, GSHO 1071) (4, 9); Acr2.am2 and Acr3.an in AB 1398 [GSHO 1115, likely CIho 14785 from G.A. Wiebe (1)]; Acr3.c3 in T188 (GSHO 1480) from R.W. Woodward (2).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

Acr3.a3 in ACBV89B229 (GSHO 1617); Acr3.b3 in Burma Girl (GSHO 1071); Acr2.am2 and Acr3.an in AB 1398 (CIho 14785); Acr3.an from AB 1398 in Bowman*5 (BW438, NGB 20670); Acr3.b3 from Burma Girl in Bowman *2 (GSHO 1898), in Bowman*5 (BW007, NGB 20415); Acr3.am3 from AB 1398 in Bowman*4 (BW456, NGB 20688); Acr3.a3 plus acr1.a and Acr2.a2 in Bowman*7 (BW009, NGB 20417 and BW439, NGB 20671). Acr3.c3 in T188 (GSHO 1480); Acr3.c3 from T188 in Bowman*6 (BW008, NGB 20416);

References:

1. Bockelman, H. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/acc/display.pl?1068768.

2. Doney, D.L. 1961. An inheritance and linkage study of barley with special emphasis on purple pigmentation of the auricle. M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ., Logan.

3 Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010. Genetic Dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

5. Franckowiak J.D. 2001. BGS 97, Accordion rachis 1, acr1. Barley Genet. Newsl. 32:85.

6. Haus, T.E. 1957. Inheritance of rachis internode length and an abnormal rachis type in barley. Dissertation Abstr. 49:179-180.

7. Nilan, R.A. 1964. The cytology and genetics of barley, 1951-1962. Monogr. Suppl. 3, Res. Stud. Vol. 32, No. 1. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

8. Smith, L. 1951. Cytology and genetics of barley. Bot. Rev. 17:1-55, 133-202, 285-355.

9. Wolfe, R.I. 1990. (Personal communications).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:85-86.

BGS 242, Slender dwarf 6, sld6

Stock number:�� BGS 242

Locus name:�� Slender dwarf 6

Locus symbol: �� sld6

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Slender dwarf g = sld.g (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2, 3).

Located in chromosome 1H (1), associated with SNP markers 1_0259 to 1_0552 (positions 70.78 to 88.33 cM) in 1H and SNP markers 2_0226 to 2_0206 (positions 3.14 to 9.61 cM) in 5HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW854 (1), likely in 1H bin 07 or 08.

Description:

Plant height of the sld6.g mutant is reduced and leaf blades are much shorter and slightly narrower (2). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW854 were 15 to 25% shorter than those of Bowman and spikes had about 4 fewer fertile rachis nodes. Spikes were semi-compact with rachis internodes about 25% shorter than those of Bowman. Kernels of BW854 were shorter and slightly thinner than those of Bowman. Kernel weights and grain yields were about 3/4 of normal (3). Based on the heterogeneous SNP marker positions in BW954, sld6.g is not an allele at any of the previously named slender dwarf loci (1, 3).

Origin of mutant:

A sodium azide induced mutant in Glenn (CIho 15769) (2).

Mutational events:

sld6.g (GSHO 2482) in Glenn (2, 3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

sld6.g (GSHO 2482) in Glenn; sld6.g in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2355), in Bowman*7 (BW854, NGB 22291).

References:

2. Faue, A.C. 1987. Chemical mutagenesis as a breeding tool for barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:87.

BGS 308, Long basal rachis internode 1, lbi1

Stock number:�� BGS 308

Locus name:�� Long basal rachis internode 1

Locus symbol:�� lbi1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Curved peduncle = cr (1).

Long basal spike internode = bi (5).

Long basal spike internode = lb (7).

Rachisextensum = rac-a and rac-b (4, 8).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (1, 5).

Located in chromosome 5HL (5), about 16.0 cM distal from the raw1 (smooth awn 1) locus (5); located in chromosome 1H associated with SNP markers 1_0238 to 2_0550 (positions 55.85 to 130.68 cM) or in chromosome 5HS with SNP markers 2_0226 to 1_0553 (positions 3.14 to 26.06 cM) of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW471 (2).

Description:

The first or basal rachis internode is much longer than the other rachis internodes. Basal internode lengths range from less than 1 cm to more than 20 cm (5, 9). Genotype, environmental conditions, and tiller health alter basal rachis internode elongation in plants homozygous for the lbi1.a gene. Expression of the lbi1.a gene is commonly more pronounced in six-rowed genotypes than in two-rowed ones. In many environments, plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW471 were about 10% taller than Bowman and had longer peduncles. Rachis internodes were slightly longer and spike often had one or two more fertile rachis nodes. Kernels of BW471 plants were often slightly longer and heavier than those of Bowman (3). The marker data for BW471 conflict with the previously reported chromosomal location for lbi1.a, but the presence of the SNP marker pattern of the donor parent segments in BW471 suggests a six-rowed origin of the segments (2).

Origin of mutant:

Natural occurrence in Wisconsin Pedigree 38 (Barbless, CIho 5105, GSHO 580) (5), and in many other six-rowed cultivars of Manchurian origin (5, 8).

Mutational events:

lbi1.a (GHSO 580, CIho 5105) in Wisconsin Pedigree 38 (5); rac-a.2 (NGB 114845) and rac-b.1 (NGB 114844) in Bonus (PI 189763) are not alleles of each other (6); but both rac-a.2 and rac-b.1 are reported to be alleles at the lbi1 locus (8).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

lbi1.a in Wisconsin Pedigree 38 (GSHO 580); lbi1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2144), in Bowman*6 (BW471, NGB 20701).

References:

1. Buckley, G.F.H. 1930. Inheritance in barley with special reference to the color of caryopsis and lemma. Sci. Agric. 10:460-492.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

5. Hehn, E.R. 1948. The inheritance of agronomic characters in barley. Iowa State Coll. Jour. Sci. 23:39-40. (Abstr.)

6. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

7. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1955. A summary of linkage studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement II, 1947-1953. Agron. J. 47:418-425.

8. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Further results of allelism testing in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:82-85.

9. Wiebe G.A., and D.A. Reid. 1961. Classification of barley varieties grown in the United States and Canada in 1958. U.S. Dep. Agric. Tech. Bull. 1224. 234 pp.

Prepared:

T.E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:167.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:258.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:88-89.

BGS 315, Six-rowed spike 3, vrs3

Stock number:�� BGS 315

Locus name:�� Six-rowed spike 3

Locus symbol:�� vrs3

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Six-rowed spike 3 = v3 (3).

Intermedium spike-a = int-a (6, 7, 9, 13).

Intermedium spike-g = int-g (6, 7, 11).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3, 5, 7, 9, 11).

Located in chromosome 1HL (4, 8, 14), near the centromere and proximal from the ert-b (erectoides-b) locus (8, 14); int-a.1 is associated with SNP markers 2_0619 to 1_1361 (positions 50.96 to 82.35 cM) in 1H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW419 (1), vrs3.f is associated with SNP markers 1_0575 to 1_0075 (positions 37.21 to 82.35 cM) in 1H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW902 (1), in 1H bin 07 or 08.

Description:

The upper half of the spike appears six-rowed, but lateral spikelets in the lower half are reduced in size. The basal portion of the spike appears two-rowed. Awns on the lateral spikelets range from normal near the top, to awnletted or pointed in the middle, to awnless at the base of the spike. Seeds may develop in lateral spikelets of only the upper two-thirds of the spike. Lateral spikelets may be pedicellated in some stocks. Central spikelets often have double awns, one on the lemma and one on the palea. The rachilla may be deformed (3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12). In Bowman backcross-derived lines BW419 and BW902, plants were often slightly shorter, rachis internodes were slightly longer, and kernels were thinner than those of Bowman. Kernel weights for BW419 ranged from 70 to 85% of normal compared to only 60 to 75% for those of BW902. Grain yields of Bowman lines BW419 and BW902 were often lower than those of Bowman (2).

Origin of mutant:

A gamma-ray induced mutant in Hakata 2 (OUJ807, PI 263407) (3, 5), an X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (7).

Mutational events:

vrs3.f (GSHO 774) in Hakata 2 (Kmut 213, OUM292), vrs3.g (Xb 388.8, Piro-1), vrs3.h (Xd 160.46, Piro-3), vrs3.i (X15 1463, Piro-5), vrs3.j (X17 3555, Piro-8) in Piroline (PI 539132) (5); int-a.1 (NGB 115419) in Bonus (PI 189763) (11); int-a.2 (NGB 115420) in Bonus (11, 13); int-a.8 (NGB 115426),-a.9 (NGB 115427), -a.10 (NGB 115328), -a.64 (NGB 115482) in Bonus, -a.14 (NGB 115432), -a.17 (NGB 115435), -a.21 (NGB 115439), -a.27 (NGB 115445), -a.30 (NGB 115448), -a.31 (NGB 115449), -a.32 (NGB 115450), -a.34 (NGB 115452), -a.35 (NGB 115453), -a.37 (NGB 115455) in Foma (CIho 11333), -a.46 (NGB 115464), -a.51 (NGB 115469), -a.52 (NGB 115470), -a.54 (NGB 115472), -a.55 (NGB 15473), -a.59 (NGB 115477), -a.61 (NGB 115479) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (11); int-a.71 (NGB 115489), -a.74 (NGB 115492), -a.77 (NGB 115495), -a.79 (NGB 115497), -a.86 (NGB 115504), -a.88 (NGB 115506) in Bonus, -a.102 (NGB 115529), -a.103 (NGB 115521) in Hege (NGB 13692) (10).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

vrs3.f in Hakata 2 (GSHO 774); int-a.1 in Bonus (GSHO 170, NGB 115419); vrs3.f in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2056, BW902, NGB 22334); int-a.1 in Bowman*5 (GSHO 2055), in Bowman*7 (BW419, NGB 20652).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Fukuyama, T., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1972. A test for allelism of 32 induced six-rowed mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:25-27.

4. Fukuyama, T., J. Hayashi, and R. Takahashi. 1975. Genetic and linkage studies of the five types of induced 'six-row' mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:12-13.

5. Fukuyama, T., R. Takahashi, and J. Hayashi. 1982. Genetic studies on the induced six-rowed mutants in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:99-113.

6. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

7. Gustafsson, �., and U. Lundqvist. 1980. Hexastichon and intermedium mutants in barley. Hereditas 92:229-236.

8. Jensen, J., and J.H. J�rgensen. 1975. The barley chromosome 5 linkage map. I. Literature survey and map estimation procedure. Hereditas 80:5-16.

9. Lundqvist, U. 1991. Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes. Barley Genet. Newsl. 20:85-86.

10. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).

11. Lundqvist, U., and A. Lundqvist. 1988. Induced intermedium mutants in barley: origin, morphology and inheritance. Hereditas 108:13-26.

12. N�tzel, H. 1952. Genetische Untersuchungen an r�ntgeninduzierten Gerstenmutanten. K�hn-Archiv 66:72-132.

13. Nybom, N. 1954. Mutation types in barley. Acta Agric. Scand. 4:430-456.

14. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.

Prepared:

T. Fukuyama. 1983. Barley Genet. Newsl. 13:113.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:264-265.

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:90-91.

BGS 351, Glossy sheath 1, gsh1

Stock number:�� BGS 351

Locus name:�� Glossy sheath 1

Locus symbol:�� gsh1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Glaucous sheath = gs (5).

Glossy sheath and spike = gs (25).

Glossy sheath 1 = gs1 (17).

Eceriferum-q = cer-q (7).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (5, 7), except Cer-q.1440 (14).

Located in chromosome 2HS (21, 22); in a sub-terminal position (20) over 36.5 cM distal from the Eam1 (early maturity 1) locus (1); associated with SNP markers 2_0562 to 1_0943 (positions 22.43 to 34.31 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW404 (2), in 2H bin 02 or 03.

Description:

A bright, green glossy color is apparent on the spike, leaf sheath, and stem (wax code - - ++) (7, 17). The gsh1 locus is the cer-q component of the complex locus named cer-cqu (3, 16), which controls formation of β-diketone lipids in epicuticular wax layer (23). The cer-q mutants affect the β-ketoacyl condensing enzyme (18, 24). Morphological differences, except for surface waxes, were not observed between Bowman and its backcross-derived line BW404 (4).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in PI 95285 (5), an iodine vapor induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (7).

Mutational events:

gsh1.a (GSHO 735) in PI 95285 (5, 17, 19); gsh1.b in Piroline (PI 539132) (17); gsh1.c in Velvon (CIho 6109) (17, 25); gsh1.y in Minn 549 (17, 19); cer-q.35 (GSHO 438, NGB 110919) in Bonus (3, 7, 8); cer-q.42 (NGB 110926), -q.50 (NGB 110934), -q.56 (NGB 110940), -q.103 (NGB 110988) in Bonus (7, 8); cer-q.82 (NGB 110966), -q.83 (NGB 110967), -q.84 (NGB 110968), -cqu.124 (NGB 111009), -q.128 (NGB 111013), -q.131 (NGB 111016), -q.132 (NGB 111017), -q.133 (NGB 111018), -q.141 (NGB 111027), -q.151 (NGB 111037) in Bonus, -q.213 (NGB 111100), -q.217 (NGB 111104), -q.218 (NGB 111105), -q.239 (NGB 111126), -q.241 (NGB 111128), -q.245 (NGB 111132), -q.246 (NGB 111133), -q.261 (NGB 111148), -q.262 (NGB 111149), -q.292 (NGB 111179), -q.295 (NGB 111182), -q.297 (NGB 111184), -q.299 (NGB 111186), -q.310 (NGB 111197), -q.320 (NGB 111207), -q.326 (NGB 111213), -q.327 (NGB 111214), -q.334 (NGB 111221), -q.335 (NGB 111222), -q.341 (NGB 111228), -q.365 (NGB 111252), -q.395 (NGB 111282), -q.396 (NGB 111283), -q.400 (NGB 111287), -q.403 (NGB 111291), -q.411 (NGB 111299), -cqu.416 (NGB 111304), -cqu.420 (NGB 111308), -q.425 (NGB 111313), -q.440 (NGB 111328), -q.488 (NGB 111376), -q.509 (NGB 111397), -qu.510 (NGB 111398) in Foma (CIho 11333) (8, 16); cer-q.129 (NGB 111014), -q.176 (NGB 111062) in Bonus, -q.483 (NGB 111371), -q.516 (NGB 111404), -q.519 (NGB 111407), -q.524 (NGB 111412), -q.527 (NGB 111415), -q.533 (NGB 111421), -q.536 (NGB 111424), -q.548 (NGB 111436), -q.555 (NGB 111443), -q.557 (NGB 111445), -q.566 (NGB 111454), -q.574 (NGB 111462), -q.579 (NGB 111467), -q.597 (NGB 111485) in Foma, -q.675 (NGB 111563), -q.683 (NGB 111571), -q.688 (NGB 111576), -cqu.724 (NGB 111612), -cqu.733 (NGB 111621) in Bonus, -q.1016 (NGB 111904), -q.1018 (NGB 111906), -q.1040 (NGB 111928), -q.1061 (NGB 111949), -q.1063 (NGB 111951), -q.1064 (NGB 111952), -q.1065 (NGB 111953), -q.1068 (NGB 111956), -q.1070 (NGB 111958), -q.1073 (NGB 111961), -q.1074 (NGB 111962), -q.1083 (NGB 111971) in Carlsberg II (CIho 10114) (8); cer-q.153 (NGB 111039), -q.754 (NGB 111642), -q.755 (NGB 111643), -q.756 (NGB 111644), -q.757 (NGB 111645), -q.759 (NGB 111647), -q.772 (NGB 111660), -qu.813 (NGB 111701), -q.822 (NGB 111710), -q.827 (NGB 111715), -q.837 (NGB 111725), -q.848 (NGB 111736), -q.876 (NGB 111764) in Bonus, -q.401 (NGB 111289) in Foma, -q.1079 (NGB 111967) in Carlsberg II, -q.1105 (NGB 111993), -q.1128 (NGB 112016), -q.1131 (NGB 112019), -q.1141 (NGB 112029), -q.1143 (NGB 112031) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (9); cer-q.629 (NGB 111517), -q.634 (NGB 111522), -q.636 (NGB 111524), -cq.645 (NGB 111533), -q.900 (NGB 111788), -cqu.925 (NGB 111813), -cqu.944 (NGB 111832) in Bonus, -q.1158 (NGB 112046), -q.1167 (NGB 112055) in Kristina (10); cer-q.1011 (NGB 111899) in Carlsberg II, -q.1121 (NGB 112009), -q.1193 (NGB 112081), -q.1209 (NGB 112097), -q.1225 (NGB 112113), -q.1234 (NGB 112122), -q.1238 (NGB 112126), -q.1242 (NGB 112130), -q.1243 (NGB 112131) in Kristina (11); cer-q.598 (NGB 111486) in Foma, -q.1260 (NGB 112148), -q.1281 (NGB 112169), -q.1283 (NGB 112171), -q.1285 (NGB 112173) in Kristina, -q.1320 (NGB 112208), -q.1330 (NGB 112218) in Bonus (12); cer-q.1230 (NGB 112118) in Kristina, -q.1345 (NGB 112233), -q.1358 (NGB 112246, 116826, 117275), -q.1362 (NGB 112250), -q.1363 (NGB 112251), -q.1368 (NGB 112256), -q.1369 (NGB 112257), -q.1375 (NGB 112263), -q.1400 (NGB 112288), -q.1406 (NGB 112294), -q.1412 (NGB 112300), -q.1430 (NGB 112318), -q.1459 (NGB 112347), -q.1464 (NGB 112352) in Bonus, -q.1504 (NGB 112392), -q.1512 (NGB 112400), -q.1514 (NGB 112402) in Nordal (13); Cer-q.1440 (NGB 112328), cer-q.1490 (NGB 112378), -q.1499 (NGB 112387), -q.1706 (NGB 112519), -q.1708 (NGB 112521), -q.1742 (NGB 112555), -q.1748 (NGB 112562), -q.1753 (NGB 112567) in Bonus (14), -q.1517 (NGB 112405), -q.1521 (NGB 112409), -q.1522 (NGB 112410), -q.1527 (NGB 112415), -q.1528 (NGB 112416), -q.1533 (NGB 112421), -q.1534 (NGB 112422), -q.1537 (NGB 112425), -q.1538 (NGB 112426), -q.1539 (NGB 112427), -q.1542 (NGB 112430), -q.1551 (NGB 112439), -q.1556 (NGB 112444), -q.1572 (NGB 112460) in Nordal (14); cer-q.571 (NGB 111459) in Foma (15); gsh1.aa (OUM018), gsh1.ad (OUM021), gsh1.ak (OUM028) in Akashinriki (PI 467400, OUJ659), gsh1.an (T119, OUL045) in a tester line, gsh1.ap (PI 95285, OUE093), gsh1.ar (PI 151791, OUE121), gsh1.as (PI 151815, OUE128), gsh1.at (PI 194916, OUE168), gsh1.au (CIho 14093, OUE330), gsh1.av (CIho 14139, OUE370), gsh1.ax (CIho 14094, OUE630), gsh1.ay (CIho 14140, OUE670), gsh1.az (CIho 4361, OUE676) in Ethiopian introductions, gsh1.ba in Bozu Omugi 1 (OUJ655) (6).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

gsh1.a (GSHO 735) in PI 95285; cer-q.35 (GSHO 438, NGB 110919) in Bonus (PI 189763); gsh1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1868, BW404, NGB 20637).

References:

1. Doney, D.L. 1961. An inheritance and linkage study of barley with special emphasis on purple pigmentation on the auricle. M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ., Logan.

3. Eslick, R.F. 1974. Allele tests of gs and cer mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:9-11.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

5. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics 28:419-440.

6. Konishi, T. 1973. Genetic analyses of EMS-induced mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:28-31.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

8. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

9. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

10. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1975. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants III. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:88-91.

11. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

12. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1979. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants V. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:135-137.

13. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

14. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

15. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1988. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VIII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:88-91

16. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

17. McProud, W.L., and R.F. Eslick. 1971. Allelism within a series of glossy sheath mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:31-34.

18. Mikkelsen, J.D. 1984. Biosynthesis of esterified alkan-2-ols and β-diketones in barley spike epicuticular wax: synthesis of radioactive intermediates. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 49:391-416.

19. Rasmusson, D.C, and J.W. Lambert. 1965. Inheritance of the glossy-sheath character in barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Crop Sci. 5:251-253.

20. Schondelmaier, J., G. Fischbeck, and A. Jahoor. 1993. Linkage studies between morphological and RFLP markers in the barley genome. Barley Genet. Newsl. 22:57-62.

21. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.

22. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Cytogenetics of telotrisomics in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:93-98.

23. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1972. Genetic control of β-diketone and hydro-β-diketone synthesis in epicuticular waxes of barley. Planta 106:113-130.

24. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1992. Molecular genetics of the lipid synthesis in barley. p.753-771. In L. Munck, K. Kirkegaard, and B. Jensen (eds.) Barley Genetics, Vol. II. Proc. Sixth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Helsingborg, 1991. Sweden. Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd., Copenhagen.

25. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkage studies in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.

Prepared:

W.L. McProud and R.F. Eslick. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:168-169.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:292-293.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:92-94.

BGS 356, Glossy sheath 6, gsh6

Stock number:�� BGS 356

Locus name:�� Glossy sheath 6

Locus symbol:�� gsh6

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Glossy sheath 6 = gs6 (16).

Eceriferum-c = cer-c (5).

Eceriferum-cqu = cer-cqu (14, 22).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (5, 16, 18).

Located in chromosome 2HS (18, 19, 20), in a subterminal position (17); associated with SNP markers 1_0326 to 2_0563 (positions 16.91 to 21.19 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW409 (1), in 2H bin 02.

Description:

A bright, glossy green color is apparent on the spike, leaf sheath, and stem (16). The gsh6 locus is the cer-c component of the complex locus cer-cqu (2), which controls formation of β-diketone lipids in epicuticular wax layer (21, 22). Most alleles have the wax code - - ++, but a few alleles show delayed development of surface waxes on the sheath (wax code - +/- ++) (5, 15). The only observed morphological difference between Bowman and the backcross-derived line BW409 was an increase in kernel length (3).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (5), a radiation induced mutant in Domen (CIho 9562) (16).

Mutational events:

cer-c.3 (GSHO 212. GSHO 424, GSHO 959, NGB 110887) in Bonus (2, 5); cer-c.7 (NGB 110891), -c.29 (NGB 110913), -c.36 (NGB 110920), -c.44 (NGB 110928), -c.61 (NGB 110945), -c.63 (NGB 110947) in Bonus (5, 6); cer-c.73 (NGB 110957), -c.89 (NGB 110973), -c.95 (NGB 110979), -cu.108 (NGB 110993), -c.115 (NGB 111000), -c.123 (NGB 111008), -cqu.124 (NGB 111009)� in Bonus, -c.201 (NGB 111088), -c.206 (NGB 111093), -c.220 (NGB 111107), -c.223 (NGB 111110), -c.234 (NGB 111121), -c.238 (NGB111125), -c.240 (NGB 111127), -c.250 (NGB 111137), -c.270 (NGB 111157), -c.282 (NGB 111169), -c.283 (NGB 111170), -c.284 (NGB 111171), -c.290 (NGB 111177), -c.291 (NGB 111178), -c.293 (NGB 111180). -c.306 (NGB 111193), -c.315 (111202), -c.332 (NGB 111219), -c.343 (NGB 111230), -c.354 (NGB 111241), -c.361 (NGB 111248), -c.364 (NGB 111251), -c.367 (NGB 111254), -c.368 (NGB 111255), -c.374 (NGB 111261), -c.379 (NGB 111266), -c.398h (NGB 111285), -c.398l (NGB 111288), -c.405 (NGB 111293), -c.406 (NGB 111294), -c.413 (NGB 111301), -cqu.416 (NGB 111304), -cqu.420 (NGB 111308), -c.431 (NGB 111319), -c.445 (NGB 111333), -c.455 (NGB 111343), -c.469 (NGB 111357), -c.471 (NGB 111359), -c.502 (NGB 111390) in Foma (CIho 11333) (6, 14); cer-c.143 (NGB 111029), -c.171 (NGB 111057), -c.175 (NGB 111061) in Bonus, -c.345 (NGB 111232), -c.451 (NGB 111339), -c.459 (NGB 111347), -c.508 (NGB 111396), -c.513 (NGB 111401), -c.514 (NGB 111402), -c.520 (NGB 111408), -c.526 (NGB 111414), -c.544 (NGB 111432), -c.550 (NGB 111438), -c.563 (NGB 111451), -c.596 (NGB 111484), -c.601 (NGB 111489), -c.661 (NGB 111549) in Foma, -c.669 (NGB 111557), -c.673 (NGB 111561), -c.690 (NGB 111578), -c.693 (NGB 111581), -c.698 (NGB 111586), -c.703 (NGB 111591), -c.711 (NGB 111499), -cqu.724 (NGB 111612), -cqu.733 (NGB 111621) in Bonus, -c.1001 (NGB 111889), -c.1004 (NGB 111892), -c.1008 (NGB 111896), -c.1010 (NGB 111898), -c.1015 (NGB 111903), -c.1022 (NGB 111910), -c.1029 (NGB 111917), -c.1034 (NGB 111922), -c.1035 (NGB 111923), -c.1039 (NGB 111927), -c.1062 (NGB 111950), -c.1067 (NGB 111955), -c.1082 (NGB 111970) in Carlsberg II (CIho 10114) (6); cer-c.589 (NGB 111477) in Foma, -c.748 (NGB 111636), -c.760 (NGB 111648), -c.764 (NGB 111652), -c.767 (NGB 111655), -c.770 (NGB 111658), -c.774 (NGB 111662), -c.786 (NGB 111674), -c.793 (NGB 111681), -c.794 (NGB 111682), -c.841 (NGB 111729), -c.845 (NGB 111733) -, c.847 (NGB 111735), -c.851 (NGB 111739), -c.860 (NGB 111748), -c.870 (NGB 111758), -c.881 (NGB 111769), -c.883 (NGB 111771) in Bonus, -c.1032 (NGB 111920) in Carlsberg II, -c.1098 (NGB 111986), -c.1100 (NGB 111988), -c.1109 (NGB 111997), -c.1117 (NGB 112005), -c.1123 (NGB 112011), -c.1125 (NGB 112013), -c.1135 (NGB 112023), -c.1136 (NGB 112024), -c.1140 (NGB 112028), -c.1147 (NGB 112035) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (7); cer-c.499 (NGB 111387), -c.609 (NGB 111497) in Foma, -c.630 (NGB 111518), -c.635 (NGB 111523), -c.640 (NGB 111528), -cu.644 (NGB 111532), -cq.645 (NGB 111533), -c.648 (NGB 111536), -c.890 (NGB 111778), -c.897 (NGB 111785), -c.902 (NGB 111790), -c.903 (NGB 111791), -c.904 (NGB 111792), -c.907 (NGB 111795), -c.912 (NGB 111800), -c.915 (NGB 111803), -cqu.925 (NGB 111813), -c.942 (NGB 111830), -cqu.944 (NGB 111832), -c.945 (NGB 111833), -c.980 (NGB 111868) in Bonus, -c.1156 (NGB 112044), -c.1187 (NGB 112075) in Kristina (8); cer-c.144 (NGB 111030), -cu.947 (NGB 111835), -c.987 (NGB 111875) in Bonus, -c.1110 (NGB 111998), -c.1212 (NGB 112100), -c.1229 (NGB 112117), -c.1248 (NGB 112136), -c.1258 (NGB 112146), -c.1264 (NGB 112152), -c.1276 (NGB 112164) in Kristina (9); cer-c.511 (NGB 111399) in Foma, -c.1200 (NGB 112088), -c.1254 (NGB 112271, 1168212), -c.1278 (NGB 116824, 117273), -c.1287 (NGB 112175), -c.1291 (NGB 112179) in Kristina, -c.1319 (NGB 112207), �-c.1325 (NGB 112213), -c.1329 (NGB 112217), -c.1334 (NGB 112222), -c.1338 (NGB 112226) in Bonus (10); cer-c.993 (NGB 111881), -c.994 (NGB 111882), -c.995 (NGB 111883), -c.999 (NGB 111887), -c.1348 (NGB 112236), -c.1355 (NGB 112243), -c.1359 (NGB 112247), -c.1365 (NGB 112253), -c.1376 (NGB 112264), -c.1381 (NGB 112269), -c.1382 (NGB 112270), -c.1385 (NGB 112273), -c.1386 (NGB 112274), -c.1389 (NGB 112277), -c.1416 (NGB 112304), -c.1421 (NGB 112309), -c.1439 (NGB 112327), -c.1448 (NGB 112336), -c.1460 (NGB 112348), -c.1462 (NGB 112350), -c.1466 (NGB 112354), -c.1467 (NGB 112355) in Bonus, -c.1501 (NGB 112389), -c.1502 (NGB 112390), -c.1503 (NGB 112391), -c.1505 (NGB 112393), -c.1506 (NGB 112394), -c.1511 (NGB 112399), -c.1515 (NGB 112403) in Nordal (11); cer-c.1491 (112379), -c.1701 (NGB 112514), -c.1702 (NGB 112515), -c.1703 (NGB 112516), -c.1705 (NGB 112518), -c.1707 (NGB 112520), -c.1714 (NGB 112527), -c.1737 (NGB 112550, 117329), -c.1739 (NGB 112552), -c.1749 (NGB 112563), -c.1755 (NGB 112569), -c.1757 (NGB 112572) in Bonus, -c.1516 (NGB 112404), -c.1520 (NGB 112408), -c.1525 (NGB 112413), -c.1526 (NGB 112414), -c.1532 (NGB 112420), -c.1553 (NGB 112441), -c.1555 (NGB 112443), -c.1560 (NGB 112448) in Nordal (12); cer-c.602a (NGB 119348) in Foma (13); gsh6.o in Domen, gsh6.p in PI 184877, gsh6.q in Kogane Mugi (OUL010, PI 225020), gsh6.r in Barbless (CIho 5105), gsh6.s (GSHO 740) in Betzes (PI 129430), gsh6.t in Heines Hanna (PI 539131), gsh6.u, gsh6.v, gsh6.w, and gsh6.x in Compana (PI 539111) (15); gsh6.z (OUM017), gsh6.ac (OUM020), gsh6.ai (OUM026) in Akashinriki (PI 467400, OUJ659) (4); gsh6.aq in an Ethiopian introduction (PI 151787, OUE 120) (4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-c.3 in Bonus (GSHO 212, GSHO 424, GSHO 959, NGB 110887); gsh6.s in Betzes (GSHO 740), gsh6.s via R.I. Wolfe�s Multiple Marker Stock for Chromosome 2 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1869, BW409, NGB 20642).

References:

2. Eslick, R.F. 1974. Allele tests of gs and cer mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:9-11.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Konishi, T. 1973. Genetic analyses of EMS-induced mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:28-31.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

8. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1975. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants III. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:88-91.

9. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

10. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1979. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants V. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:135-137.

11. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

12. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

13. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1988. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VIII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:88-91.

14. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

15. McProud, W.L., and R.F. Eslick. 1971. Allelism within a series of glossy sheath mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:31-34.

16. Rasmusson, D.C., and J.W. Lambert. 1965. Inheritance of the glossy-sheath character in barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Crop Sci. 5:251-253.

17. Schondelmaier, J., G. Fischbeck, and A. Jahoor. 1993. Linkage studies between morphological and RFLP markers in the barley genome. Barley Genet. Newsl. 22:57-62.

18. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic analysis in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:66-69.

19. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.

20. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Cytogenetics of telotrisomics in barley. BGN 2:93-98.

21. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1972. Genetic control of β-diketone and hydro-β-diketone synthesis in epicuticular waxes of barley. Planta 106:113-130.

22. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1992. Molecular genetics of the lipid synthesis in barley. p. 753-771. In L. Munck, K. Kirkegaard, and B. Jensen (eds.) Barley Genetics VI, Vol. II. Proc. Sixth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Helsingborg, Sweden, 1991. Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd., Copenhagen.

Prepared:

W. L. McProud and R.F. Eslick. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:172-173.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:302-303.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:95-97.

BGS 357, Male sterile genetic 1, msg1

Stock number:�� BGS 357

Locus name:�� Male sterile genetic 1

Locus symbol:�� msg1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Male sterile = ms (13).

Male sterile 1 = ms1 (4).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (15).

Located in chromosome 1HL (12), near the centromere (7), and about 10.0 cM proximal from the nec1 (necrotic leaf spot 1) locus (10, 13); probably proximal from the small lateral spikelet 1 (sls1) gene which also originated from MSS005; associated with SNP markers 1_0933 to 1_0324 (positions 82.35 to 87.19 cM) in 1HL of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcross-derived line BW545 (1), in 1H bin 08.

Description:

Selfing - none (6).

Outcrossing - complete female fertility (6).

Stamens - anthers smaller than fertile sib, no stomium or filament elongation (14).

Pollen - microspores degenerate at or before the free microspore stage (11); non-staining, shrunken, and devoid of cytoplasm (14).

Cytology - normal development and differentiation of anthers until completion of meiosis (11). SNP markers in the plant studied as msg1.ca of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW145 were identical to those of Bowman (1).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in the Composite Cross line CIho 5368 (15).

Mutational events:

msg1.ca (GSHO 1810) from CIho 5368 in Betzes (PI 129430)*11 (MSS005) (11, 15); msg1.i (MSS077) in 80TT25 (CIho 13638), msg1.t (MSS042) in Trophy (CIho 10647), msg1.ai (MSS100) in Betzes (PI 129430) (8, 9); msg1.ar (MSS310) in Glossy Brachytic (CIho 15246), msg1.bp (MSS330) in Betzes (2, 9); msg1.cz (MSS348) in Betzes (3, 9); msg1.gb (MSS429) in Maris Mink (4); msg1.jv (MSS527) in a Harrington outcross (5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

msg1.ca in Betzes*11 (GSHO 1810); msg1.ca in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 2042, BW545).

References:

2. Hockett, E.A. 1973. The genetic male sterile collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:87-89.

3. Hockett, E.A. 1977. The genetic male sterile collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:97-100.

4. Hockett, E.A. 1984. Coordinator's report. The genetic male sterile barley collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:70-75.

5. Hockett, E.A. 1988. New mutants in the genetic male sterile collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:70-73.

6. Hockett, E.A., and R.F. Eslick. 1968. Genetic male sterility in barley. I. Nonallelic genes. Crop Sci. 8:218-220.

7. Hockett, E.A., and R.F. Eslick. 1971. Genetic male-sterile genes useful in hybrid barley production. p. 298-307. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

8. Hockett, E.A., R.F. Eslick, D.A. Reid, and G.A. Wiebe. 1968. Genetic male sterility in barley. II. Available spring and winter stocks. Crop Sci. 8:754-755.

9. Hockett, E.A., and D.A. Reid. 1981. Spring and winter genetic male-sterile barley stocks. Crop Sci. 21:655-659.

10. Jensen, J., and J.H. Jrrgensen. 1973. Locating some genes on barley chromosome 5. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:25-27.

11. Kaul, C.L., and S.P. Singh. 1966. Studies in male-sterile barley. II. Pollen abortion. Crop Sci. 6:539-541.

12. Ramage, R.T., C.R. Burnham, and A Hagberg. 1961. A summary of translocation studies in barley. Crop Sci. 1:277-279.

13. Ramage, T., and J.L.A. Eckhoff. 1985. Assignment of mutants in Morex to chromosomes. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:22-25.

14. Roath, W.W., and E.A. Hockett. 1971. Genetic male sterility in barley. III. Pollen and anther characteristics. Crop Sci. 11:200-203.

15. Suneson, C.A. 1940. A male sterile character in barley. A new tool for the plant breeder. J. Hered. 31:213-214.

Prepared:

E.A. Hockett. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:175.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:304-305.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:98-99.

BGS 360, Male sterile genetic 4, msg4

Stock number:�� BGS 360

Locus name:�� Male sterile genetic 4

Locus symbol:�� msg4

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Male sterile 4 = ms4 (2).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2).

Located in chromosome 1H, near the centromere (3); associated with SNP markers 2_0617 to 1_0552 (positions 50.96 to 88.33 cM) in 1H of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcross-derived stock BW576 (1), in 1H bins 05 to 08.

Description:

Selfing - none (2).

Outcrossing - complete female fertility (2).

Stamens - anthers smaller than fertile sib, no stomium or filament elongation (5).

Pollen - non-staining, shrunken, and no normal grains (5).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in Freja (CIho 7130) (5).

Mutational events:

msg4.cd (GSHO 2392) in Freja (MSS052) (2, 4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

msg4.cd in Freja (GSHO 2392); msg4.cd in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2043, BW576).

References:

2. Hockett, E.A., and R.F. Eslick. 1968. Genetic male sterility in barley. I. Nonallelic genes. Crop Sci. 8:218-220.

3. Hockett, E.A., and R.F. Eslick. 1971. Genetic male-sterile genes useful in hybrid barley production. p. 298-307. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

4. Hockett, E.A., and D.A. Reid. 1981. Spring and winter genetic male-sterile barley stocks. Crop Sci. 21:655-659.

5. Roath, W.W., and E.A. Hockett. 1971. Genetic male sterility in barley. III. Pollen and anther characteristics. Crop Sci. 11:200-203.

Prepared:

E.A. Hockett. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:177-178.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:308.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:100.

BGS 376, Male sterile genetic 21, msg21

�

Stock number:�� BGS 376

Locus name:�� Male sterile genetic 21

Locus symbol:�� msg21

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Male sterile q = msg,,q (3, 4, 6).

Male sterile 21 = ms 21 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosome 1HL (1), associated with SNP markers 2_0290 to 2_0780 (positions 102.33 to 154.89 cM) in 1HL of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW556 (1), in 1H bins 10 or 11.

Description:

Selfing - 3.8% at Bozeman, Montana and 2.9% at Tucson, Arizona, USA (3, 4).

Outcrossing - complete female fertility (3).

Stamens - anthers almost equal in size to fertile sibs (3). The Bowman backcross-derived line BW556 commonly showed 70 to 85% selfed seed set and the partially male fertile segregates were difficult to identify during backcrossing (2).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in a Midwest Bulk (CIho 13640) (4).

Mutational events:

msg21.q (GSHO 2373) in CIho 13640 (MSS085) (3, 5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

msg21.q in CIho 13640 (GSHO 2373); msg21.q in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2302, BW556).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Hockett, E.A., R.F. Eslick, D.A. Reid, and G.A. Wiebe. 1968. Genetic male sterility in barley. II. Available spring and winter stocks. Crop Sci. 8:754-755.

5. Hockett, E.A., and D.A. Reid. 1981. Spring and winter genetic male-sterile barley stocks. Crop Sci. 21:655-659.

6. Robertson, D.W. 1971. Recent information of linkage and chromosome mapping. p. 220-242. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

Prepared:

E.A. Hockett. 1971. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:188-189.

Revised:

T. Tsuchiya. 1982. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:108.

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:324.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:101.

BGS 400, Eceriferum-e, cer-e

Stock number:�� BGS 400

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-e

Locus symbol:�� cer-e

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (5).

Located in chromosome 1HL (2, 14), close to the centromere and near the ert-b (erectoides-b) locus (4, 14, 15); associated with SNP markers 1_0764 to 1_1326 (positions 61.55 to 82.35 cM) having the Bonus haplotype in 1H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW109 via Wolfe�s Recessive Marker Stock 5.2 (1), likely in 1H bin 08.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the spike appears absent or greatly reduced (wax code

-/+ ++ ++) (5). A translocation is present in the allele cer-e.18, but it is not linked to the cer-e locus (5). The Bowman backcross-derived line has less wax on the spike and upper leaf sheath (wax code - + ++). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW109 had slightly longer awns and rachis internodes than Bowman. Kernels weights were slightly lower, but grain yields were equivalent (3).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (5).

Mutational events:

cer-e.8 (NGB 110892, GSHO 1518), -e.18 (trans) (NGB 110902), -e.34 (NGB 110918) in Bonus (5, 6); cer-e.90 (NGB 110974), -e.140 (NGB 111025) in Bonus, -e.272 (NGB 111159), -e.294 (NGB 111181), -e.388 (NGB 111275), -e.551 (NGB 111439), -e.560 (NGB 111448), -e.586 (NGB 111474), -e.607 (NGB 111495) in Foma (CIho 11333) (6); cer-e.273 (NGB111160), -e.277 (NGB 111164), -e.296 (NGB 111183), -e.317 (NGB 111204), -e.321 (NGB 111208), -e.473 (NGB 111361), -e.480 (NGB 111369) in Foma (6, 13); cer-e.663 (NGB 111551), -e.692 (NGB 111580), -e.716 (NGB 111604), -e.717 (NGB 111605) in Bonus (6); cer-e.161 (NGB 111047) in Bonus, -e.577 (NGB 111465) in Foma, -e.790 (NGB111678) in Bonus, -e.1089 (NGB111977), -e.1106 (NGB111994) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (7); cer-e.908 (NGB 111796), -e.962 (NGB 111850) in Bonus, -e.1162 (NGB 111050) in Kristina (8); cer-e.1335 (NGB 112223) in Bonus (9); cer-e.1366 (NGB 112254), -e.1404 (NGB 112292), -e.1425 (NGB 112313), -e.1426 (NGB 112314) in Bonus (10); cer-e.1403 (NGB 112291), -e.1709 (NGB 112522), -e.1715 (NGB 112528) in Bonus (11); cer-e.1519 (NGB 112532) in Nordal, -e.1760 (NGB 112575) in Bonus, -e.1873 (NGB 117421), -e.1878 (NGB 117426), -e.1880 (NGB 117428), -e.1884 (NGB 117432) in Sv 79353 (12).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks.

cer-e.8 in Bonus (GSHO 1518, NGB 110892); cer-e.8 via Wolfe�s Recessive Marker Stock 5.2 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2048, BW109, NGB 20515).

References:

2. Fester, T., and B. S�gaard. 1969. The localization of eceriferum loci in barley. Hereditas 61:327-337.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Jensen, J. 1974. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 5. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:102-106.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

8. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1975. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants III. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:88-91.

9. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1979. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants V. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:135-137.

10. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

11. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

12. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1988. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VIII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:88-91.

13. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

14. S�gaard, B. 1971. Linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:41-47.

15. S�gaard, B. 1973. Continued linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:57-61.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:118.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:347.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:102-103.

BGS 401, Eceriferum-f, cer-f

Stock number:�� BGS 401

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-f

Locus symbol:�� cer-f

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosome 1H (1), associated with SNP markers 1_0764 to 2_1126 (positions 61.51 to 110.10) in 1H of the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW110 (1); previously located in chromosome 7H (8), near the centromere and about 4.5 cM proximal from the ert-d (erectoides-d) locus (8, 9, 10), and about 6.3 cM distal from the nud1 (naked caryopsis 1) locus (9, 10).

Description:

In the original stock surface wax coating on the spike, leaf sheath, and stem is reduced (wax code + + ++) (3). Reduced surface wax coating was apparent only on the spike (wax code + ++ ++) in the Bowman backcross-derived line, BW110. Plants BW110 were slightly taller than Bowman. Kernel weights varied from slightly lower to slightly more; grain yields were slightly less (2). Allelism tests need to be conducted to confirm that BW110 has the cer-f.9 mutant.

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).

Mutational events:

cer-f.9 (NGB 110893, GSHO 427) in Bonus (3, 4); cer-f.230 (NGB 111117) in Foma (CIho 11333) (4, 7); cer-f.1002 (NGB 111890) in Carlsberg II (CIho 10114) (4); cer-f.763 (NGB 111651) in Bonus (5); cer-f.1423 (NGB 112311) in Bonus (6).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-f.9 in Bonus (GSHO 427, NGB 110893); cer-f.9 in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 1846), in Bowman*7 (BW110, NGB 20516).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

7. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

8. S�gaard, B. 1971. Linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:41-47.

9. S�gaard, B. 1973. Continued linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:57-61.

10. S�gaard, B. 1974. The localization of eceriferum loci in barley III. Three point tests of genes on chromosome 1 in barley. Hereditas 76:41-48.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:119.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:348.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:104-105.

BGS 409, Eceriferum-o, cer-o

Stock number:�� BGS 409

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-o

Locus symbol:�� cer-o

Previous nomenclature and symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosome 1HL (1), associated with SNP markers 2_0229 to 1_0006 (positions 106.61 to 110.10 cM) in 1HL of the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW119 (1), in 1H bin 10.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the spike appears absent or reduced (wax code -/+ ++ ++) (3). All cer-o mutants have pointed lateral spikelets and semi-sterility (50 to 75% seed set). Mutant segregates in the Bowman backcross-derived progenies were about 3/4 of normal height and had spikes with about 20% fewer fertile rachis nodes. Plants of Bowman backcross-derived line BW119 headed about two days later than Bowman and were about 15% shorter. Kernel weights were 10-15% lower and grain yields were about half those of Bowman (2).

Origin of mutant:

A gamma-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (1).

Mutational events:

cer-o.28 (NGB 110912, GSHO 436) in Bonus (3, 4); cer-o.687 (NGB 111575), -o.787 (NGB 11675) in Bonus (5); cer-o.251 (NGB 111138) in Foma (CIho 11333), -o.1144 (NGB 112032) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (6).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-o.28 in Bonus (GSHO 436, NGB 110912); cer-o.28 in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2193), in Bowman*7 (BW119, NGB 20525).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:127.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:359.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:106.

BGS 413, Glossy sheath 8, gsh8

Stock number:�� BGS 413

Locus name:�� Glossy sheath 8

Locus symbol:�� gsh8

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Eceriferum-u = cer-u (6).

Glossy sheath 8 = gs8 (4).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (6).

Located in chromosome 2HS (17), based on close association with the gsh6 (glossy sheath 6) locus (2, 5, 17, 18), in a subterminal position (16); associated with SNP markers 2_1377 to 1_0919 (positions (20.11 to 66.78 cM) in 2HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW411 (1), in 2H bin 02 or 03.

Description:

The wax coating on the spike, stem and leaf sheath appears reduced (wax code + + ++) (6). The gsh8 locus is the cer-u component of the complex locus cer-cqu which controls epicuticular wax layer formation on the surface of the spike, leaf sheath, and stem (19, 20). Deposition of $-diketone lipids is reduced or eliminated by mutants in the cer-cqu locus (20), specifically the cer-u mutants have impaired hydroxyl group insertion (19). The original cer-u.21 stock has reduced seed set (6). Morphological differences, except for surface waxes, were not observed between Bowman and its backcross-derived line BW411 (3).

Origin of mutant:

A gamma-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (6).

Mutational events:

cer-u.21 (NGB 110905, GSHO 442), -u.58 (NGB 110942) in Bonus (6, 7); cer-u.69 (NGB 110953), -u.76h (NGB 110960), -u.76l (NGB 110985), -u.80 (NGB 110964), -u.99 (NGB 110983), -u.107 (NGB 110992), -cu.108 (NGB 110993), -u.119 (NGB 111004), -u.120 (NGB 111005) in Bonus, -u.204 (NGB 111091), -u.237 (NGB 111124), -u.258� (NGB 111145), -u.265 (NGB 111152), -u.281 (NGB 111168), -u.304 (NGB 111191), -u.305 (NGB 111192), -u.307 (NGB 111194), -u.324 (NGB 111211), -u.330 (NGB 111217), -u.338 (NGB 111225), -u.344 (NGB 111231), -u.371 (NGB 111258), -u.376 (NGB 111263), -u.387 (NGB 111274), -cqu.416 (NGB 111304), -cqu.420 (NGB 111308), -u.443 (NGB 111331), -u.446 (NGB 111334), -u.452 (NGB 111340), -u.464 (NGB 111352), -u.466 (NGB 111354), -u.468 (NGB 111356), -u.472 (NGB 111360),-u.485 (NGB 111373), -u.491 (NGB 111379), -u.497 (NGB 111385), -u.498 (NGB 111386), -u.505 (NGB 111393), -qu.510 (NGB 111398) in Foma (CIho 11333) (7, 15); cer-cqu.124 (NGB 111009), -u.177 (NGB 111063), -u.178 (NGB 111064), -u.189 (NGB 111075) in Bonus, -u.525 (NGB 111413), -u.538 (NGB 111426), -u.542 (NGB 111430), -u.543 (NGB 111431), -u.556 (NGB 111444), -u.570 (NGB 111458), -u.581 (NGB 111469), -u.600 (NGB 111488), -u.605 (NGB 111493), -u.606 (NGB 111494) in Foma, -u.677 (NGB 111565), -u.686 (NGB 111574), -u.689 (NGB 111577), -u.697 (NGB 111585), -cqu.724 (NGB 111612), -cqu.733 (NGB 111621) in Bonus, -u.1003 (NGB 111891), -u.1009 (NGB 111897), -u.1042 (NGB 111930), -u.1043 (NGB 111931), -u.1048 (NGB 111936), -u.1060 (NGB 111948), -u.1076 (NGB 111964), -u.1078 (NGB 111966) in Carlsberg II (CIho 10114) (7); cer-u.610 (NGB 111498), -u.613 (NGB 111501) in Foma, -u.737 (NGB 111625), -u.766 (NGB 111654), -u.775 (NGB 111663), -u.779 (NGB 111667), -u.784 (NGB 111672), -u.789 (NGB 111677), -u.798 (NGB 111686), -qu.813 (NGB 111701), -u.823 (NGB 111711), -u.825 (NGB 111713), -u.830 (NGB 111718), -u.835 (NGB 111723), -u.839 (NGB 111727), - u.840 (NGB 111728), -u.842 (NGB 111730), -u.843 (NGB 111731), -u.844 (NGB 111732), -u.855 (NGB 111743), -u.861 (NGB 111749) in Bonus, -u.1091 (NGB 111979), -u.1096 (NGB 111984), -u.1101 (NGB 111989), -u.1107 (NGB 111995), -u.1108 (NGB 111996), -u.1111 (NGB 111999), -u.1114 (NGB 112002), -u.1120 (NGB 112008), -u.1137 (NGB 112025), -u.1146 (NGB 112034), -u.1148 (NGB 112036) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (8); cer-cu.644 (NGB 111532), -u.695 (NGB 111583), -u.850 (NGB 111738), -u.887 (NGB 111775), -u.892 (NGB 111780), -u.895 (NGB 111783), -u.901 (NGB 111789), -cqu.925 (NGB 111813), -cqu.944 (NGB 111832), -cu.947 (NGB 111835) in Bonus, -u.1177 (NGB 112065) in Kristina (9); cer-u.699 (NGB 111587), -u.776 (NGB 111664), -u.986 (NGB 111874) in Bonus, -u.1165 (NGB 112053), -u.1184 (NGB 112072), -u.1188 (NGB 112076), -u.1202 (NGB 112090), -u.1215 (NGB 112103), -u.1227 (NGB 112115), -u.1232 (NGB 112120), -u.1237 (NGB 112125), -u.1253 (NGB 112141), -u.1272 (NGB 112160) in Kristina (10); cer-u.1208 (NGB 112096), -u.1261 (NGB 112149), -u.1268 (NGB 112156), -u.1282 (NGB 112170), -u.1288 (NGB 112176), -u.1295 (NGB 112183), -u.1306 (NGB 112194), -u.1309 (NGB 112197), -u.1310 (NGB 112198) in Kristina, -u.1327 (NGB 112215), -u.1340 (NGB 112228), -u.1341 (NGB 112229) in Bonus (11); cer-u.457 (NGB 111345), -u.578 (NGB 111466) in Foma, -u.1364 (NGB 112252), -u.1370 (NGB 112258), -u.1372 (NGB 112260), -u.1373 (NGB 112261), -u.1390 (NGB 112278), -u.1402 (NGB 112290), -u.1409 (NGB 112297), -u.1411 (NGB 112299), -u.1420 (NGB 112308), -u.1429 (NGB 112317) in Bonus (12); cer-u.1496 (NGB 112384), -u.1500 (NGB 112388), -u.1734 (NGB 112547), -u.1759 (NGB 112574), -u.1763 (NGB 112567) in Bonus, -u.1540 (NGB 112428), -u.1541 (NGB 112429) in Nordal (13); cer-u.678 (NGB 111566), -u.1825 (NGB 117373) in Bonus, -u.602b (NGB 111490) in Foma, -u.1870 (NGB 117418) in Sv 79353 (14); gsh8.ag (OUM024, GSHO 1760), gsh8.am (OUM031) in Akashinriki (PI 467400, OUJ659) (4, 5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-u.21 in Bonus (GSHO 442, NGB 110905); gsh8.ag in Akashinriki (GSHO 1760); gsh8.ag in Bowman (PI 483237)*4 (GSHO 1870), in Bowman*5 (BW411, NGB 20644).

References:

2. Eslick, R.F. 1974. Allele tests of gs and cer mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:9-11.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Konishi, T. 1973. Genetic analyses of EMS-induced mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:28-31.

5. Lundqvist, U. 1995. Coordinator's report: Eceriferum genes. Barley Genet. Newsl. 24:159.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1962. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 48:342-362.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

8. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

9. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1975. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants III. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:88-91.

10. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

11. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1979. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants V. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:135-137.

12. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

13. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum� mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

14. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1988. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VIII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:88-91.

15. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

16. Schondelmaier, J., G. Fischbeck, and A. Jahoor. 1993. Linkage studies between morphological and RFLP markers in the barley genome. Barley Genet. Newsl. 22:57-62.

17. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.

18. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Cytogenetics of telotrisomics in barley. Barley Genet. Newl. 2:93-98.

19. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1972. Genetic control of $-diketone and hydro-$-diketone synthesis in epicuticular waxes of barley. Planta 106:113-130.

20. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1992. Molecular genetics of the lipid synthesis in barley. p. 753-771. In L. Munck, K. Kirkegaard, and B. Jensen (eds.) Barley Genet. VI, Vol. II. Proc. Sixth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Helsingborg, Sweden, 1991. Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd., Copenhagen.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist and P. von Wettstein-Knowles. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:131 as BGS 413, Eceriferum-u, cer-u.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:364-365.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:107-109.

BGS 422, Eceriferum-zd, cer-zd

Stock number:�� BGS 422

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-zd

Locus symbol:�� cer-zd

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (8).

Located in chromosome 3HL (2, 9), about 9.4 cM proximal from the uzu1 (uzu 1) locus and about 4.6 cM distal from the breakpoint in the ert-c.1 (erectoides-c) line (10, 11, 12, 13); associated with SNP markers 1_0672 to 1_0281 (positions 58.56 to 98.41) in 3H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW160 (1), likely in 3H bin 05.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the leaf blade appears absent (wax code ++ ++ -) (8). Concerning the chemical epicuticular wax composition, the amount of wax cm^-2 is reduced and is accompanied by a decrease of the size and morphological complexity of the wax bodies. The bodies are smaller, simpler, and less dense. The wax class distribution is the same as in the mother variety (14). Plants of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW160 were 10 to 15% shorter than Bowman and headed about 2 days later. Kernels of BW160 were slightly thinner and 10 to 15% lighter. Grain yields were about 2/3 of normal (3)

Origin of mutant:

A neutron induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (8).

Mutational events:

cer-zd.67 (NGB 110951, GSHO 451) in Bonus (4, 8); cer-zd.592 (NGB

111480) in Foma (CIho 11333), -zd.665 (NGB 111553), -zd.668 (NGB 111556) in Bonus (4); cer-zd.946 (NGB 111834) in Bonus (5); cer-zd.1351 (NGB 112239) in Bonus (6); cer-zd.1356 (NGB 112244) in Bonus (7).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-zd.67 in Bonus (GSHO 451,NGB 110951); cer-zd.67 in Bowman (PI 483237)*2 (GSHO 1962), in Bowman*3 (BW160, NGB 21992).

References:

1. Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010. Genetic Dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

2. Fester, T., and B. S�gaard. 1969. The localization of eceriferum loci in barley. Hereditas 61:327-337.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1: 97-102.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

8. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

9. S�gaard, B. 1971. Linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:41-47.

10. S�gaard, B. 1973. Continued linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:57-61.

11. S�gaard, B. 1976. Three-point tests on barley chromosome 3. Barley Genet. Newsl. 6:65-67.

12. S�gaard, B. 1977. The localization of eceriferum loci in barley. V. Three point tests of genes on chromosome 1 and 3 in barley. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 42:67-75.

13. Takahashi, R. 1983. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 3. BGN 13:89-93.

14. Wettstein-Knowles, P. von. 1971. The molecular phenotypes of the eceriferum mutants. p.146-183. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press, Pullman.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist and P. von Wettstein-Knowles. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:140.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:373.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:110-111.

BGS 431, Eceriferum-zn, cer-zn

Stock number:�� BGS 431

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-zn

Locus symbol:�� cer-zn

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (5).

Located in chromosome 1H (1), based on association with SNP markers 1_0764 to 1_0396 (positions 61.55 to 143.47 cM) in 1H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW169 (1); previously located in 3HL (6, 7), over 12.0 cM distal from the uzu1 (uzu1) locus (6, 7, 8, 9, 10).

Description:

Surface wax coating on the spike appears greatly reduced or absent (wax code

+/- ++ ++) (5). No significant changes in other morphological traits were observed when Bowman backcross-derived line BW169 was compared to Bowman (2). The series of SNP markers heterogeneous in 3HL of BW169 are identical to those from the donor parent Foma in other Bowman backcross-derived lines (1, 2).

Origin of mutant:

An ethylene imine mutant in Foma (CIho 11333) (3).

Mutational events:

cer-zn.244 (NGB 111131, GSHO 1523), -zn.362 (NGB 111249) in Foma (3, 5); cer-zn.348 (NGB 111235), -zn.385 (NGB 111282), -zn.540 (NGB 111428) in Foma (3); cer-zn.1270 (NGB 112158) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (4).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-zn.244 in Foma (GSHO 1523, NGB 111131); cer-zn.244 in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 1983), in Bowman*7 (BW169, NGB 22000).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1971. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:97-102.

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

5. Lundqvist, U., P. von Wettstein-Knowles, and D. von Wettstein. 1968. Induction of eceriferum mutants in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. II. Hereditas 59:473-504.

6. S�gaard, B. 1971. Linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 1:41-47.

7. S�gaard, B. 1973. Continued linkage studies on eceriferum mutants in barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:57-61.

8. S�gaard, B. 1976. Three-point tests on barley chromosome 3. Barley Genet. Newsl.� 6:65-67.

9. S�gaard, B. 1977. The localization of eceriferum loci in barley V. Three point tests of genes on chromosome 1 and 3 in barley. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 42:67-75.

10. Takahashi, R. 1983. Coordinator�s report: Chromosome 3. Barley Genet. Newsl.� 13:89-93.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:149.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:383.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:112-113.

BGS 438, Eceriferum-zu, cer-zu

Stock number:�� BGS 438

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-zu

Locus symbol:�� cer-zu

Previous nomenclature and symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (4).

Location in chromosome 1H, associated with SNP markers 1_0764 to 1_0552 (positions 61.55 to 88.33 cM) in 1H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW176 (1), in 1H bins 06 to 08.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the spike appears absent, the wax coating on the leaf sheath and stem is reduced (wax code - + ++) (4). Leaf blades become golden yellow at or shortly after heading and later necrotic spots develop on the upper surface of the blade (3). The necrosis was observed in selections from crosses to Bowman, but this trait was not retained in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW176. Other significant deviations from the Bowman phenotype were not observed in BW176 (2).

Origin of mutant:

An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Foma (CIho 11333) (3).

Mutational events:

cer-zu.122 (NGB 111007, GSHO 1528) in Foma (4); cer-zu.973 (NGB 111861) in Bonus (PI 189763) (5); cer-zu.1163 (NGB 112051) in Kristina (NGB 1500), -zu.1419 (NGB 112307), -zu.1428 (NGB 112316), -zu.1447 (NGB 112335) in Bonus (6); cer-zu.1494 (NGB 112382), -zu.1762 (NGB 112577), -zu.1784 (NGB 112599) in Bonus, -zu.1570 (NGB 112458), -zu.1571 (NGB 112459) in Nordal (NGB 13680) (7).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-zu.122 in Foma (GSHO 1528, NGB 111007); cer-zu.122 in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 2206, BW176, NGB 22008).

References:

1. Druka, A., J. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, N. Bonar, J. Alexander, K. Houston, S. Radovic, F. Shahinnia, V. Vendramin, M. Morgante, N. Stein, and R. Waugh. 2010, Genetic Dissection of barley morphology and development. Plant Physiology. Epubl. 2010 November 18, 2010 as DOI:10.1104/pp110.166249.

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1979. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants V. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:135-137.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

7. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:156.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:390.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:114-115.

BGS 442, Eceriferum-zy, cer-zy

Stock number:�� BGS 442

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-zy

Locus symbol:�� cer-zy

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (4).

Located in chromosome 1HS (1), near the tip of 1HS associated with SNP markers 2_0479 to 2_0502 (positions 0.0 to 3.18 cM) in 1HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW180 (1), likely in 1H bin 01.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the leaf blade appears slightly reduced on the upper three leaves (wax code ++ ++ +) (4). Seedling leaves have a slightly yellow green color similar to that found in some chlorina mutants. Other morphological traits and plant vigor appeared normal in Bowman backcross-derived line BW180 (2).

Origin of mutant:

An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).

Mutational events:

cer-zy.118 (NGB 111103, GSHO 1532) in Bonus (4); cer-zy.136 (NGB 111021) in Bonus (5).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-zy.118 in Bonus (NGB 111003, GSHO 1532); cer-zy.118 in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (BW180, NGB 22012).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1973. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants II. Barley Genet. Newsl. 3:110-112.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist. 1975. Barley Genet. Newsl. 5:160.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:394.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:116.

BGS 468, Male sterile genetic 31, msg31

Stock number:�� BGS 468

Locus name:�� Male sterile genetic 31

Locus symbol:�� msg31

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Male sterile d = msg,,d (4).

Male sterile dwarf = msdwf (4).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (3).

Located in chromosome 1HL (1), distal from the sls1 (small lateral spikelet 1) locus (3); associated with SNP markers 1_1037 to 2_0909 (positions 125.59 to 149.90 cM) in 1HL of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcross-derived line BW567 (1), in 1H bin 11.

Description:

Selfing - none (6).

Outcrossing - complete female fertility (6).

Stamens - anthers rudimentary, no stomium or filament elongation (5).

In addition to male sterility, mutant plants are weak and short (about 1/2 normal height), show delayed development, and appear to lack surface wax on the spike (wax code

- ++ ++) (2, 4).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in the six-rowed line 51Ab4934 (CIho 15245) (6).

Mutational events:

msg31.d (GSHO 2383) in 51Ab4934 (MSS306) (4, 6).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

msg31.d in 51Ab4934 (GSHO 2383); msg31.d in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 2031, BW567).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived lines of spring barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 24:63-70.

4. Hockett, E.A. 1972. Coordinator's report on the genetic male sterile barley collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:139-144.

5. Hockett, E.A. 1979. The genetic male-sterile barley collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 9:124-128.

6. Hockett, E.A., and D.A. Reid. 1981. Spring and winter genetic male-sterile barley stocks. Crop Sci. 21:655-659.

Prepared:

E.A. Hockett. 1986. Barley Genet. Newsl. 16:51.

Revised:

E.A. Hockett. 1991. Barley Genet. Newsl. 20:98.

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:415.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:117.

BGS 473, Compositum 1, com1

Stock number:�� BGS 473

Locus name:�� Compositum 1

Locus symbol:�� com1

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Laxatum-270 = lax-270 (5, 7, 9).

Short-haired, inflorescent rachilla = sⁱ (7).

Branching, inflorescent rachilla = bir1a (8).

Compositum = com1a (9, 10, 11).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (7, 8, 9).

Located in chromosome 5HL (11, 12), near the srh1 (short rachilla hair 1) locus (12); between the ert-n (erectoides-n) and the lax-a (laxatum-a) loci (11), but widely different estimates of their distance from the srh1 (short rachilla hair 1) locus are reported (6, 11); associated with SNP markers 1_0974 to 1_0641 (positions 41.99 to 108.33 cM) in 5H of the Bowman backcrossed-derived line BW189 (1); associated with SNP markers 3_0745 to 1_0641 (positions 99.51 to 108.33 cM) in 5HL of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW605 (1), likely in 5H bin 06.

Description:

The spike is branched from the rachis of the bottom 1 to 10 spikelets. Awns, which vary from normal to thread-like, and protruding branches are bent in various directions because of "packing" problems in the boot (7). More spike branches develop from rachis nodes under favorable environmental conditions. Plants of Bowman backcross-derived lines BW189, BW190, and BW605 had slightly lower kernel weights and test weights compared to Bowman and slightly reduced kernel widths (3).

Origin of mutant:

An ethyl methanesulfonate and neutron induced mutant in Foma (CIho 11333) (2, 7).

Mutational events:

com1.a (lax.270, NGB 116495, GSHO 1702), com1.b (lax.271, NGB 116496), com1.c (lax.272, NGB 116497), com1.d (lax.206, NGB 116433), com1.e (lax.213, NGB 116442) in Foma (9); com1.i (lax.296, NGB 116520, GSHO 1699) in Foma (3, 9); com1.l (mul.c, Mut. 2227, GSHO 2412) in Donaria (PI 161974) (3, 13).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

com1.a in Foma (GSHO 1702, NGB 116495); com1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*6 (GSHO 2098), in Bowman*7 (BW189, NGB 22021); com1.i (NGB 116520, GSHO 1699) in Foma; com1.i in Bowman*3 (GSHO 2232), in Bowman*5 (BW190, NGB 22022); com1.l (mul.c) in Donaria (GSHO 2412); com1.l in Bowman*6 (GSHO2312), in Bowman*7 (BW605, NGB 22171).

References:

2. Ehrenberg, L., �. Gustafsson, and U. Lundqvist. 1959. The mutagenic effects of ionizing radiations and reactive ethylene derivatives in barley. Hereditas 45:351-368.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

4. Franckowiak, J.D., B.P. Forster, U. Lundqvist, J. Lyon, I. Pitkethly, and W.T.B. Thomas. 2010. Developmental mutants as a guide to the barley phytomer. In S. Ceccarelli, S. Grando, et al. (eds.) Barley Genetics X. Proc. Tenth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Alexandria, Egypt, 2008.

5. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

6. Jensen, J. 1981. Construction of a barley chromosome 7 linkage map. p. 927-939. In M.J.C. Asher, R.P. Ellis, A.M. Hayter, and R.N.H. Whitehouse (eds.) Barley Genetics IV. Proc. Fourth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Edinburgh. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh.

7 Larsson, H.E.B. 1981. Branching spike mutants from two loci in two-row barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 11:25-28.

8. Larsson, H.E.B. 1983. New data about a gene for branching inflorescent rachilla located on barley chromosome 7. Barley Genet. Newsl. 13:82-83.

9. Larsson, H.E.B. 1985. Morphological analysis of laxatum barley mutants. Hereditas 103:239-253.

10. Larsson, H.E.B. 1985. Genetic analysis of laxatum barley mutants. Hereditas 103:255-267.

11. Larsson, H.E.B. 1985. Linkage studies with genetic markers and some laxatum barley mutants. Hereditas 103:269-279.

12. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for dense ear loci in barley I. Hereditas 62:25-96.

13. Scholz, F., and O. Lehmann. 1958. Die Gaterslebener Mutanten der Saatgerste in Beziehung zur Formenmannigfaltigkeit der Art Hordeum vulgare L.s.l.I. Kulturpflanze 6:123-166.

Prepared:

H.E.B. Larsson and U. Lundqvist. 1986. Barley Genet. Newsl. 16:56.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:420.

U. Lundqvist and J. D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:118-119.

BGS 474, Laxatum-a, lax-a

Stock number:�� BGS 474

Locus name:�� Laxatum-a

Locus symbol:�� lax-a

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Laxatum-01 = lax-01 (5, 9, 14).

Laxatum-a = lax-a⁰¹ (15).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (10, 14).

Located in chromosome 5HL (10, 13), about 2.4 cM proximal from the ari-e (breviaristatum-e) locus (7, 16), and about 3.1 cM from the ert-g (erectoides-g) locus (7, 15, 16); associated with SNP markers 2_1065 to 2_1275 (positions 40.91 to 104.73 cM) in 5H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW457 (lax-a.8) and SNP markers 1_0621 to 2_1275 (positions 56.40 to 104.73 cM) in 5H of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW458 (lax-a.ap) (2), in 5H bin 08.

Description:

Florets have five anthers with two developing from transformed lodicules (5, 18); however, the extra anthers are deficient in having two rather than four microsporangia (1). The grain is thin and angular and caryopses are exposed between the lemma and palea. The awn has a very wide base, without a distinct notch in the lemma attachment region. Rachis internodes are about 15% longer than normal. Tillers arise at oblique angles giving isolated plants an appearance of a tufty growth habit (9). Treatment of leaves after tillering with GA₃ increases rachis internode length (17). Plants of Bowman backcross-derived line BW457 are 4/5 of normal height and anthesis is delayed by 3 to 4 days. Awns can be slightly shorter than those of Bowman. Kernels are generally short and thin and highly variable in size. Compared to Bowman, BW457 plants had kernel weights about 60% of normal, test weights were low, and grain yields were about half of normal (4).

Origin of mutant:

A gamma-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3, 9, 12).

Mutational events:

lax-a.01 (NGB 116334), -a.4 (NGB 116338), -a.8 (NGB 116342, GSHO 1775), -a.20 (NGB 116354), -a.37 (NGB 116372), -a.39 (NGB 116374), -a.54 (NGB 116388) in Bonus (10, 11); lax-a.92 (NGB 116425, NGB 116426) in Bonus (11); lax-a.208 (NGB 116435, NGB 116436), -a.218 (NGB 116446), -a.222 (NGB 116450), -a.229 (NGB 116457, NGB 116458), -a.249, -a.256 (NGB 116483), -a.278 (NGB 116503), -a.286 (NGB 116510) in Foma (CIho 11333) (9, 11); -a.353 (NGB 116559, NGB 116560), -a.369 (NGB 116578, 116579), -a.373 (NGB 116583), -a.398 (NGB 116608), -a.405 (NGB 116613), -a.406 (NGB 116614) in Kristina (NGB 14661) (10); -a.413 (NGB 116621, NGB 116622), -a.434 (NGB 116647), -a.437 (NGB 116650), -a.444 (NGB 116658, NGB 116659), -a.448 (NGB 116664), -a.450 (NGB 116667, NGB 116668), -a.455 (NGB 116674, NGB 116675), -a.472 (NGB 116695) in Bonus (11); a lax-a mutant (Mut 2100/61) in Proctor (PI 280420) (6); lax-a.ap (FN50) in Steptoe (CIho 15229) (8).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

lax-a.8 in Bonus (GSHO 1775, NGB 116342); lax-a.8 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2103, BW457, NGB 20689); lax-a.ap from Steptoe in Bowman*4 (BW458. NGB 22153).

References:

1. Bossinger, G., W. Rohde W, U. Lundqvist U, and F. Salamini F. 1992. Genetics of barley development: mutant phenotypes and molecular aspects. p. 231-264. In P.R. Shewry (ed.) Barley: Genetics, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. CAB International, Oxford.

3. Ehrenberg, L., �. Gustafsson, and U. Lundqvist. 1961. Viable mutants induced in barley by ionizing radiations and chemical mutagens. Hereditas 47:257-278.

4. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

5. Gustafsson, �., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Sval�v. Hereditas 62:409-414.

6. H�user, H., and G. Fischbeck. 1972. Translocations and genetic analysis of other mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:28-29.

7. Jensen, J. 1981. Construction of a barley chromosome 7 linkage map. p. 927-939. In M.J.C. Asher, R.P. Ellis, A.M. Hayter, and R.N.H. Whitehouse (eds.) Barley Genetics IV. Proc. Fourth Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Edinburgh. Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh.

8. Kleinhofs, A. (Unpublished).

9. Larsson, H.E.B. 1985. Morphological analysis of laxatum barley mutants. Hereditas 103:239-253.

10. Larsson, H.E.B. 1985. Linkage studies with genetic markers and some laxatum barley mutants. Hereditas 103:269-279.

11. Lundqvist, U. (Unpublished).

12. Persson, G. 1969. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for the dense ear loci in barley II. Hereditas 63:1-28.

13. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1965. Localization of nine induced mutations in the barley chromosomes. Barley Newsl. 8:52-54.

14. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants. Hereditas 61:115-178.

15. S�gaard, B. 1974. Three-point tests on chromosome 1 and 7. Barley Genet. Newsl. 4:70-73.

16. S�gaard, B. 1977. The localization of eceriferum loci in barley. IV. Three point tests of genes on chromosome 7 in barley. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 42:35-43.

17. Stoy, V., and A. Hagberg. 1967. Effects of growth regulators on ear density mutants in barley. Hereditas 58:359-384.

18. Wettstein, D. von, �. Gustafsson, and L. Ehrenberg. 1959. Mutationsforschung und Z�chtung. p. 7-50. In Arbeitsgemeinschaft f�r Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Heft 73. Westdeutscher Verlag K�ln und Opladen.

Prepared:

H.E.B. Larsson and U. Lundqvist. 1986. Barley Genet. Newsl. 16:57.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:421-422.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2007. Barley Genet. Newsl. 37:273-274.

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:120-121.

BGS 502, Male sterile genetic 39, msg39

Stock number:�� BGS 502

Locus name:�� Male sterile genetic 39

Locus symbol:�� msg39

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Male sterile dm = msg,,dm (5).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (1, 5).

Located in chromosome 3HL (2), associated with SNP markers from 1_0312 to 1_0044 (positions 173.82 to 190.87 cM) in 3H of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcross-derived stock BW575 (2), in 3H bin 11 or 12; previously associated with chromosome 6H, over 33.9 cM from the rob1 (orange lemma 1) locus (3).

Description:

Selfing - about 1% in Bozeman, Montana, USA and Elim�ki, Finland (1, 5).

Outcrossing - complete female fertility (1).

Stamens - anthers are the same size as fertile sibs, stomium present, and filament elongates (1, 5).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in a Finnish six-rowed barley (P11, CIho 15836) (1, 5).

Mutational events:

msg39.dm in P11 (MSS361, GSHO 2391, GSHO 3021) (4, 7); msg39.dn (MSS362, GSHO 3022) in a Finnish six-rowed barley (H31, CIho 15837) (1, 4, 7); msg39.ff (MSS407) in Sabarlis (CIho 15484) (4, 6).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

msg39.dm in P11 (GSHO 2391); msg39.dm in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 2080, BW575).

References:

1. Ahokas, H. 1976. Male sterile mutants of barley. III. Additional inaperturate mutants. Barley Genet. Newsl. 6:4-6.

3. Franckowiak, J.D. 1991. Association of male sterility genes with a specific chromosome using multiple marker stocks. Barley Genet. Newsl. 20:31-36.

4. Franckowiak, J.D., and E.A. Hockett. 1988. Identification of three new loci which control male sterility of barley. Barley Genet. Newsl. 18:11-13.

5. Hockett, E.A. 1977. The genetic male sterile barley collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:97-100.

6. Hockett, E.A. 1984. Coordinator's report. The genetic male sterile barley collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:70-75.

7. Hockett, E.A., and D.A. Reid. 1981. Spring and winter genetic male-sterile barley stocks. Crop Sci. 21:655-659.

Prepared:

E.A. Hockett. 1991. Barley Genet. Newsl. 20:106.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:428.

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:122.

BGS 520, Male sterile genetic 48, msg48

Stock number:�� BGS 520

Locus name:�� Male sterile genetic 48

Locus symbol:�� msg48

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

Male sterile genetic jt = msg,,jt and Msg76-5 (3).

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (2, 3).

Probably located in chromosome 1H (1), associated with SNP markers from 1_0744 to 1_0552 (positions 39.84 to 88.33 cM) in 1H of a heterozygous plant from the Bowman backcross-derived stock BW585, plus small heterozygous regions in 4HL and 7HL (1).

Description:

Selfing - 5% (2), but it may be near 50% in certain environments.

Outcrossing - Complete female fertility (2).

Stamens - anthers slightly smaller than fertile sib with filament elongation, but no stomium (2).

Origin of mutant:

A spontaneous mutant in Simba (PI 584816, NGB 1505) (2).

Mutational events:

msg48.jt (GSHO 2401) in Simba (MSS525) (2, 3).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

msg48.jt in Simba (GSHO 2401); msg48.jt in Bowman (PI 483237)*4 (GSHO 1925, BW585).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D., and E.A. Hockett. 1992. Allelism tests for the genetic male sterile msg,,jt. Barley Genet. Newsl. 21:23-24.

3. Hockett, E. A. 1984. Coordinator's report. The genetic male sterile barley collection. Barley Genet. Newsl. 14:70-75.

Prepared:

J.D. Franckowiak and E.A. Hockett. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:447.

Revised:

J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:123.

BGS 523, Eceriferum-yj, cer-yj

Stock number:�� BGS 523

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-yj

Locus symbol:�� cer-yj

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (4).

Located in chromosome 1HS (1), near the tip of 1H associated with SNP markers 3_0969 to 3_0918 (positions 0.0 to 17.27 cM) in 1HS of the Bowman backcross-derived line BW141 (1), likely in 1H bin 01 or 02.

Description:

Surface wax coating on the leaf blade appears absent on the upper three leaves (wax code ++ ++ -) (4). Plants of the original stock are semidwarf (about 3/4 normal height), but those of the Bowman backcross-derived line were not. Changes in the expression of other morphological trait were not observed in the Bowman backcross-derived line BW141 (2).

Origin of mutant:

A neutron induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).

Mutational events:

cer-yj.667 (NGB 111155, GSHO 1543) in Bonus, -yj.1217 (NGB 112105) in Kristina (NGB 1500) (3); cer-yj.937 (NGB 111825) in Bonus (5); cer-yj.1150 (NGB 112038) in Kristina, -yj.1811 (NGB 117359) in Bonus (6).

Mutant used for description and seed stocks:

cer-yj.667 in Bonus (NGB 111555, GSHO 1543); cer-yj.667 in Bowman (PI 483237)*3 (GSHO 2214); cer-yj.667 in Bowman*4 (BW141, NGB 20567).

References:

2. Franckowiak, J.D. (Unpublished).

3. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).

4. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1977. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants IV. Barley Genet. Newsl. 7:92-96.

5. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1982. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VI. Barley Genet. Newsl. 12:169-172.

6. Lundqvist, U., and D. von Wettstein. 1985. Stock list for the eceriferum mutants VII. Barley Genet. Newsl. 15:89-93.

Prepared:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. Barley Genet. Newsl. 26:450.

Revised:

U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 2010. Barley Genet. Newsl. 40:124.

BGS 527, Eceriferum-yn, cer-yn

Stock number:�� BGS 527

Locus name:�� Eceriferum-yn

Locus symbol:�� cer-yn

Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:

None.

Inheritance:

Monofactorial recessive (4).