Items from Croatia - Bc Institute for Breeding and Production of Field Crops.


Bc INSTITUTE FOR BREEDING AND PRODUCTION OF FIELD CROPS
Marulicev trg 5/1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

 

S. Tomasovic, R. Mlinar, B. Palaveraic, I. Ikic, K. Puakaric, M. Potoanac, and S. Halagic.

 

Breeding winter wheat for yield and resistance to Fusarium head blight. [p. 20]

Breeding of Bc wheat cultivars for resistance to Fusarium head blight is aimed at reducing the negative effects of the disease on grain yield and quality and developing our own material with the highest resistance and yield ability. Wheat lines were tested for resistance to Fusarium head blight and grain yield in field trials at Botinec in 2004 and 2005 under artificial and natural infection. In 2004, the highest level of resistance and grain yield was in the line Bc 310/01 (line 22 (Figure 1), 14.7, 8,108 kg/ha) and line Bc 5073/00 (12 (Figure 1), 14.7, 8,052 kg/ha). In 2005, the highest level of resistance was in the line Bc 9362/99 (9 (Figure 2), 7.6, 8,972 kg/ha). A high level of resistance also was expressed in lines Bc 5325/02 (34 (Figure 2), 10.3, 8,511 kg/ha) and Bc 18/91 (24 (Figure 2), 6.1, 8,124 kg/ha). Three lines had good levels of resistance, Poncheau (7 (Figure 2), 5.0) and D48x42x62 (5 (Figure 2), 10.3). Roazon (6) expressed a lower level of resistance (20.7). Breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight has proven to be successful because of a very effective method of artificial inoculation. Good levels of resistance also have been achieved because a good selection of sources of resistance, such as Beauchamp, SO-1065, 434 K-4CM, Mold 1304-83, FD-91147, and the local source Bc 87/87.

 

Achievements in breeding durum wheat at the Zagreb Bc Institute with special reference to the cultivar Crodur. [p. 21]

Croatia, with advantages for durum wheat production, puts great importance on producing high quality pasta. From year to year, a growing consumption has been observed. Recognizing the importance of this cereal crop, the first durum wheat breeding program in Croatia was initiated in the Bc Institute prior to 1985. The aim was to develop Croatian durum wheat cultivars with high yield potential and excellent grain quality, especially vitreous and hard grains, and semolina with a high level of yellow pigment and protein content. Twenty years of breeding has resulted in three registered cultivars with good agronomic characters. Primadur, the first cultivar, is a standard of the Board for Registration, Approbation and Protection of Varieties. The newly registered cultivar Crodur, with a positive DUS test and better VCU results relative to the standard, was registered in 2003. Crodur belongs to a group of mid-to-early cultivars. The average plant height is 94.1 cm (Primadur, 97.8 cm) and has very good resistance to lodging. In official trials of the Board for Registration, Crodur produced an average grain yield of 4,543 kg/ha (Primadur, 4,136 kg/ha). The cultivar has good resistance to low temperatures. Test weight, 1,000-kernel weight, and wet gluten also are in the good range. Crodur has good levels of resistance to the major wheat diseases. This cultivar deserves to be accepted widely by the wheat production community.

 

Publications. [p. 21]

  • Tomasovic S. 2006. Winter wheat breeding at the Bc Institute-Zagreb with special reference to resistance to the main fungus diseases with the goal of protecting environment. Glasnik zastite bilja 29(1):33-41.
  • Tomasovic S. 2006. Sources of resistance in wheat and crosses of the F1 and F1 x F1 generations in resistance to Fusarium graminearum. Glasnik zastite bilja 29(1):58-62.
  • Tomasovic S, Palaversic B, and Ikic I. 2005. Study of wheat lines resistance to Fusarium head blight. Cereal Res Commun 33(2-3):583-588.
  • Tomasovic S, Mlinar R, and Ikic I. 2005. Testing of quality Bc winter wheat varieties in large-scale trials. In: Proc 3rd Internat Cong Flour-Bread and the 5th Croatian Cong Flour Production and Processing Technologists (Ugaric-Hardi J et al. Eds). Osijek P. 38.
  • Mlinar R, Tomasovic S, and Ikic I. 2005. Stability of quantitative traits Bc winter wheat varieties. Sjemenarstvo 22(1-2):13-18.
  • Palaveraic B and Tomasovic S. 2005. Comparison of three modes of evaluation of Fusarium head blight. In: Proc 40th Scientific Meeting of Croatian Agronomists on the International level (Kovaevic V and Jovanovac S, Eds). Faculty of Agriculture, University of Osijek. Pp. 221-222.